At age 11, Ghulam was married off to 40-year-old Jaiz in a rural Afghan village,
题型：不详难度：来源：
At age 11, Ghulam was married off to 40-year-old Jaiz in a rural Afghan village, making her only one of more than 10 million young girls who are being forced to wed men old enough to be their fathers of grandfather every year.
In an effort to start a global conversation about the devastating effects of early marriages, which are currently practiced in more than 50 developing countries, the United Nations designed October 11 as International Day of the Girl Child this year.
Although child marriage is against the law in many countries, and international treaties forbid the practice, it is estimated that about 51 million girls below age 18 are currently married, often under the cover of darkness and in secret. In Afghanistan alone, it is believed that approximately 57 percent of girls wed before the legal age of 16.
Various factors drive parents of child bridges to marry off their daughters, from the community’s pressure to confirm to age-old cultural customs to economic considerations. In poor, developing nations, it is not uncommon for families to settle debts by offering their daughters as payment.
Experts agree that early marriage denies the girl education and robs them of their childhood because most young wives, burdened by grownup responsibilities, do not get a chance to interact with their peers or carry on friendships outside the household. In many cases, the girls are lorded over by their husbands and in-laws, leaving them vulnerable(易受伤害的) to domestic violence as well as physical, sexual and verbal abuse. Underage wives who are lucky enough to escape from their husbands end up living in poverty, or worse. Most girls who enter early marriages are expected to get pregnant right away, which often leads to tragedy for both the mothers, who are still children themselves, and their babies.
Unless international organizations take steps to reverse the troubling trend, it is estimated that over the next decade, 100 million more girls—or about 25,000 girls a day ---will marry before they turn 18.
To learn more about campaign to end the practice of early marriages, please click: Too Young To Wed.
小题1:The purpose of the first paragraph is to _________.| A．attract readers’ attention | | B．introduce the following topic | | C．list the countries practicing early marriages | | D．give readers an example of early marriages |
小题2:The fifth paragraph mainly talks about __________.| A．the number of girls involved in early marriages | | B．the causes of early marriages in developing counties | | C．the tragic effects of early marriages | | D．the countries that allow early marriages |
小题3:The UN made October 11 as International Day of the Girl Child in order to __| A．urge parents to treat girls equally as boy | | B．call on people to pay more attention to girls’ education | | C．call on people to pay more attention to girls in poor countries or areas | | D．start a global campaign against early marriages |
小题4:Which of the following is a cause of early marriages?| A．The present girls develop much earlier than before | | B．Some poor parents marry off their young girls for economic problems. | | C．Many young girls receive little or no education for different reasons. | | D．Most girls suffer from domestic violence and have babies too early. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:B |
解析
试题分析：文章分析了世界上一些发展中国家存在的女孩在未成年就结婚的现象，分析了原因和它的危害，也提出了一些建议。
小题1:写作意图题：文章第一段提到Ghulam的例子，是为了引出下面的话题，选 B
小题2:段落大意题：从第五段的句子：Experts agree that early marriage denies the girl education and robs them of their childhood because most young wives, burdened by grownup responsibilities, do not get a chance to interact with their peers or carry on friendships outside the household. 可知这段讲的是早婚的悲剧的后果，选C
小题3:细节题：从第二段的句子：In an effort to start a global conversation about the devastating effects of early marriages, 可知联合国把10月11号定为国际女孩日，是发起全球的反对早婚的运动，选D
小题4:细节题：从第四段的句子：In poor, developing nations, it is not uncommon for families to settle debts by offering their daughters as payment.可知一些父母早早的把女孩嫁出去是处于经济的考虑。选B |
举一反三
The new science of spending comes to a surprising conclusion, How we use our money may as much or more than how much we’ve got it.
Money spent on experiences, rather than material ,goods, more happiness.
Imagine that you wake up tomorrow morning to ＄1 million under your bed . What would you do that cash?
The money will probably make you think about one thing all else—yourself. A large amount of research reveals that money our selfish sides. We will much on what that money can do for us alone, Perhaps you are imagining buying a faster car, or even a new house,
But studies show that goods often fail to deliver happiness, Fortunately ,our ongoing research many ways to get more happiness from every dollar you spend, Changing how you spend money can increase your happiness.
But making these needs to challenge some of our ideas of spending It’s hard not to buying a house as a wise investment（投资）, But new research shows it brings very little happiness, A study in the United States found that homeowners, on average , were no happier than .
So, working hard to save money for a house might not be such a good idea it means spending less time with your families and friends.
And dozens of studies show that people get more happiness from buying than material things, Experiential purchases --- such as trips, concerts and special meals--- are more connected to our sense, of self.
And experiences come with one more , They tend to bring us to other people , but more often , material things are enjoyed . So social contacts are important to mental and physical health.
| 小题1: | | A．present | B．matter | C．appear | D．equal |
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| 小题2: | | A．carries along | B．breaks out | C．holds on | D．brings along |
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| 小题3: | | A．keep | B．own | C．discover | D．count |
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| 小题5: | | A．above | B．below | C．before | D．after |
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| 小题6: | | A．shows | B．explains | C．proves | D．designs |
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| 小题7: | | A．depend | B．concentrate | C．take | D．look |
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| 小题8: | | A．mental | B．material | C．beautiful | D．clever |
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| 小题9: | | A．outgoing | B．lasting | C．willing | D．exciting |
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| 小题10: | | A．invites | B．offers | C．prefers | D．follows |
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| 小题11: | | A．changes | B．plans | C．decisions | D．mistakes |
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| 小题12: | | A．know | B．view | C．dream | D．judge |
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| 小题13: | | A．buyers | B．sellers | C．builders | D．renters |
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| 小题14: | | A．if | B．how | C．unless | D．though |
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| 小题15: | | A．houses | B．cars | C．experiences | D．health |
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| 小题16: | | A．clearly | B．hardly | C．generally | D．deeply |
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| 小题17: | | A．advantage | B．conclusion | C．purpose | D．identify |
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| 小题18: | | A．familiar | B．close | C．proper | D．native |
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| 小题19: | | A．completely | B．worldwide | C．secretly | D．alone |
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| 小题20: | | A．gain | B．damage | C．improve | D．build |
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The British aren’t having as many children as they used to , One reason is that people are having children much older than before, meaning they have fewer year in which they can have them, After years at university ,they need a few years of work experience before they can get the job they want, They might then get married, but it’s incredibly expensive to buy a house in the UK.
The above explains why young British people now don’t move out of their parents’ home until they are around 30 years old on average, It’s only after this age that many young people start thinking about having a child , However , it is quite expensive to bring up a child in the UK, Both parents need to work just to pay for their child during the day, Paying for this childcare is always expensive, What’s more ,financial crisis and unemployment are making things even harder for families, With so much pressure on families, is it any surprise that the divorce rate is so high?
So what is Britain doing to try and save the British family ? The government is trying to make it cheaper to have children , For example ,there are increasing government subsidies for nursery schools, so that parents do not need to bay so much for child care.
The government is also trying to reduce the number of hours British parents have to work to earn enough money to pay their bills, If parents didn’t have to work so many hours, they’d have moue time to spend with their children and wouldn’t need to spend so much on childcare, On average, a Briton works 49 hours a week ,which is the most in Europe, The state is now considering introducing laws to encourage companies to improve their employees’ work –life balance, Let’s hope they’re not too late to save the British family , Otherwise, the British will always be too tired ,and won’t have enough time and money, to have children.
小题1:Young British people live in their parents’ home until around 30 because | A．They are allowed to get married at 30 | | B．they can’t allowed to get married at 30 | | C．they can’t afford a house of their own until then | | D．they enjoy family life with their parents |
小题2:The British are now having fewer children than before for all the following reasons EXCEPT that | A．they have fewer years to have children | | B．they live much shorter lives than before | | C．it is more expensive to bring up a child | | D．people are losing their jobs because of the recent financial crisis |
小题3:The underlined word “subsidies” in Paragraph 5 means | A．food paid by the government | | B．school buildings for poor students | | C．free transportation | | D．money from the government to benefit the public |
小题4:It can be inferred from the text that | A．with long work hours, it is hard for British parents to balance life and work | | B．more and more families in Britain are breaking up because they are having fewer children | | C．among Europeans, British people work hardest and earn the least | | D．childcare takes up too much energy and time for the British |
小题5:To make it cheaper to have children , the British government is | A．bringing down prices | | B．raising the salaries of parents | | C．reducing family income tax | | D．increasing subsidies for families and nursery schools |
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Is It OK to Snap （拍照） Your Food?
Have you ever taken a snap of a luxurious cake or photographed a juicy steak when you eat in restaurants? You may want to share what you eat with your friends or just post part of your daily life onto the Internet. However, such action may be very annoying(讨厌的) to other diners, or even to chefs and restaurant owners. Currently, more and more people begin to consider “ foodstagramming” as very silly and a bad manner.
In many restaurants, diners complain of being blinded by flasher(闪光灯), snapped without their permission and disturbed by people climbing on to chairs for a better angle. Even chefs and restaurant owners are annoyed at food photography. A Michelin-starred(米其林星级) chef said, “It’s hard to build a memorable evening when flashes are flying every six minutes.”
At the start of 2013, the debate on whether it is OK to take photographs of your food in restaurants seemed to swing (摇摆) towards a definite “no.” According to several chefs in New York City, some restaurants there have started banning customers from taking photos of their food. Policies around the ban of food photography vary from restaurant to restaurant, ranging from restrictions on using a flash to outright(完全的) bans. If other restaurants follow such policies, it may signal the death of “ foodstagramming”.
Nevertheless, instead of banning food photography, some restaurants are offering food photography courses. In Spain, the restaurant group Grupo Gourmet has started running a “ Fotografia para foodies” course to instruct its customers to better take food pictures. The course teaches customers to take photos in a proper way without disturbing other dinners, such as never use a flash.
小题1:Who are annoyed with food photography in restaurants?| A．Restaurant owners. | B．Other diners. | | C．Chefs. | D．The above all. |
小题2:What did some New York restaurants do about food photography?| A．They started to ban customers from taking photos of their food. | | B．They had no idea about taking photos for the profits. | | C．They wanted to talk with some customers. | | D．They decided to learn from Spain. |
小题3:What did the Spanish restaurant group do about food photography?| A．It told the customers when to take food pictures. | | B．It asked the customers to pay for taking food pictures. | | C．It ran a course to instruct customers to better take food pictures. | | D．It also prevented the customers from taking food pictures. |
小题4:What is foodstagramming?| A．It’s a popular practice where diners take photos of their meals and share them online. | | B．It’s a popular practice where dinners take photos of their meals and sells to others. | | C．It’s a habit that people take photos when they eat. | | D．It’s an idea how to take photos of their meals. |
小题5:Which of the following is True?| A．Customers in America like others to use flashes when they eat. | | B．Restaurants in Spain think of a methord to meet people’s need. | | C．American government is discussing the problem of foodstagramming. | | D．People in China are trying to think of an idea to deal with the problem. |
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Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us. Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect. It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning(推理的) skills. Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.
For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would make someone put on a heavy jacket?” Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鹅圈养地) at a Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.
Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺负)another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!
Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother,Doug, came into her room. He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while. Little brothers can be very strange, this was really much too strange. Cait didn’t know what to do. Just then, Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking. What’s the cause and effect, could you tell?
小题1:According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?| A．Someone will go outside into cold weather. | | B．Someone works in the penguin pen. | | C．Someone puts on a heavy jacket. | | D．Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink. |
小题2:Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. Which of the following isn’t the possible cause?| A．He bullied another student. | B．He is going shopping. | | C．He is being picked up early. | D．He is being given a prize. |
小题3: What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?| A．He was going outside | B．He was reading a story. | | C．He was leep walking. | D．He was looking for his dad. |
小题4:Which of the following is cause and effect?| A．Tony got up and had a glass of water. | | B．We came home and found him sleeping. | | C．The ball was lost and a window was broken. | | D．Tim was late again and his teacher got angry. |
小题5:What is the best title for the text?| A．Truth and lies | B．Work and sleep | | C．Cause and effect | D．Life and dreams |
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Remains of ancient civilization are places which were designed and built as a lasting tribute(致敬）to some individuals or events. By visiting these ______ monuments, you are sure to be amazed by how ____ the ancient civilization that existed centuries before you was. Some of the facilities which could be dated back hundreds of years ago are still in use today. Besides, you will also ______ at the mysterious stories behind it. The Great Wall, _____, is probably the best-known monument of China, which consists of a network of walls and towers through which the attack warnings could be received within minutes. _____ then had enough time to prepare. Estimates (估算）of the total length of the monument ______, depending on which sections are included and how they are measured. One of the _____ mysteries is that, although some of the wall is _____ in special radar images taken by satellites, astronauts have confirmed that the existing wall is not several thousand years old, nor is it, as many people had _____ visible to the human eye form outer space.
Even older than the Great Wall of China is the Great Pyramid(金字塔）of Giza. Over a 20-year period, thousands of workers made the vision become ____ with numerous blocks, each weighing more than two tons. It’s still a(n) _____ to modern people how ancient men handled_____ of these giant stones in a time when cars or boats never existed some 4500 years ago. The pyramid served not only as a tomb for King Khufu, but also a place of _____ activity. The number of the God’s servants at that time showed the importance of such activities. After Khufu died, his body was carefully treated with various medicines and materials and was wrapped in order to be ____ for long. According to ancient Egyptian belief, the pyramid, where the mummy was placed, provided a place for the king to pass into the afterlife. Then his servants performed rituals(仪式）to bring _____ to the dead king’s soul, removing all the unrest and pain from his next life.
| 小题1: | | A．modern | B．historic | C．official | D．commercial |
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| 小题2: | | A．advanced | B．technical | C．overlooked | D．energetic |
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| 小题3: | | A．stare | B．wonder | C．aim | D．call |
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| 小题4: | | A．in addition | B．in other words | C．however | D．for example |
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| 小题5: | | A．Mechanics | B．Workers | C．Astronauts | D．Soldiers |
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| 小题6: | | A．extend | B．remain | C．vary | D．progress |
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| 小题7: | | A．long-standing | B．widely-used | C．carefully-chosen | D．clearly-stated |
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| 小题8: | | A．recognizable | B．reasonable | C．reliable | D．responsible |
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| 小题9: | | A．proved | B．claimed | C．threatened | D．requested |
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| 小题10: | | A．reality | B．tradition | C．mansion | D．civilization |
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| 小题11: | | A．burden | B．secret | C．solution | D．fortune |
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| 小题12: | | A．finance | B．storage | C．transportation | D．production |
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| 小题13: | | A．sports | B．religious | C．fighting | D．family |
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| 小题14: | | A．preserved | B．recovered | C．buried | D．restored |
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| 小题15: | | A．leadership | B．peace | C．honour | D．inspiration |
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