We all know what it is like to be unable to turn your head because of a cold in
题型：不详难度：来源：
We all know what it is like to be unable to turn your head because of a cold in the muscles of your neck, or because an unexpected twist has made your neck ache. The slightest move makes you jump with pain. Nothing could be worse than a pain in the neck.
That is why we use the phrase to describe some people who give you the same feeling. We have all met such people.
One is the man who always seems to be clapping his hands—often at the wrong time—during a performance in the theater. He keeps you from hearing the actors.
Even worse are those who can never arrive before the curtain goes up and the play begins. They come hurrying down to your row of seats. You are comfortably settled down, with your hat and heavy coat in your lap. You must stand up to let them pass. You are proud of yourself-control after they have settled into their seats…Well, what now…God, one of them is up again. He forgot to go to the men’s room, and once more you have to stand up, hanging on to your hat and coat to let him pass. Now, that is “a pain in the neck”.
Another, well—known to us all, is the person sitting behind you in the movies. His mouth is full of popcorn ; he is chewing loudly, or talking between bites to friends next to him. None of them remain still. Up and down, back and forth, they go—for another bag of popcorn, or something to drink.
Then, there is the man sitting next to you at lunch, smoking. He wants you to enjoy it too, and blows smoke across your food into your mouth.
We must not forget the man who comes into a bus or subway and sits down next to you, just as close as you will let him. You are reading the newspaper and he gets closer so that he can read the paper with you. He may even turn the paper to the next page before you are ready for it.
We also call such a person a “rubber neck”, always getting close to where it does not belong, like neighbors who watch all your visitors. They enjoy learning about your personal business. People have a strong dislike for “rubber necks”. They hate being watched secretly.
小题1:Where can you find this passage?| A．In a medicine dictionary. | B． in a kids’ story book. | | C．In a social science book. | D．In a science textbook. |
小题2:According to the passage, how do you feel when late comers walk back and forth in front of you in a cinema?| A．disturbed. | B．bored. | C．ignored. | D．relaxed. |
小题3:A “rubber neck” often __________________ .| A．says bad words behind people. | | B．quarrels face to face with neighbors. | | C．bargains with salespeople over the price | | D．asks about other people’s business |
小题4:Which of the following persons CANNOT be described as a “pain in the neck”?| A．Someone who often claps at the wrong time during a performance. | | B．Someone who feels ache in his neck due to a cold in the muscles. | | C．Someone who sits next to you smoking, which you never enjoy. | | D．Someone who keeps eating or talking all through the movies. |
小题5:What is the main purpose of the author? | A．To tell people what might be bad manners in public. | | B．To criticize (批评) the people who might be a “pain in the neck” | | C．To show anger to those who are described as a “pain in the neck”. | | D．To tell people how to stop the pain in the neck. |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:A |
解析
试题分析：本文主要介绍了几个和neck有关的短语，如“a pain in the neck”和“rubber neck”这些行为都是一些没有礼貌的，不文明的行为。
小题1:C 推理题。根据文章内容可知主要是介绍几个和neck有关的短语，如“a pain in the neck”和“rubber neck”这些行为都是一些没有礼貌的，不文明的行为。说明这是一篇和社会文化有关的短文，故最可能是C项。
小题2:A 推理题。根据文章第三段They come hurrying down to your row of seats. You are comfortably settled down, with your hat and heavy coat in your lap. You must stand up to let them pass. You are proud of yourself-control after they have settled into their seats…Well, what now…God, one of them is up again. He forgot to go to the men’s room, and once more you have to stand up, hanging on to your hat and coat to let him pass.说明这些人在电影院里走来走去打扰到了我们，故我们对他们应该感觉很烦，感觉被打扰了。故A正确。
小题3:D 推理题。根据文章最后一段We also call such a person a “rubber neck”, always getting close to where it does not belong, like neighbors who watch all your visitors. They enjoy learning about your personal business.说明这些人想知道别人的隐私信息，总是很关心别人的事情，故D项叙述正确。
小题4:B 细节题。根据文章3，4,5段One is the man who always seems to be clapping his hands—often at the wrong time—during a performance in the theater. He keeps you from hearing the actors.和Then, there is the man sitting next to you at lunch, smoking. He wants you to enjoy it too, and blows smoke across your food into your mouth以及Another, well—known to us all, is the person sitting behind you in the movies. His mouth is full of popcorn ; 说明ACD三项内容都是文章中举例说明的，故B项正确。
小题5:A 主旨大意题。本文中列举了多个和neck有关的短语，这些短语都是关于很多人的一些不好的行为习惯，故A项正确。
点评：几个和neck有关的短语，如“a pain in the neck”和“rubber neck”这些行为都是一些没有礼貌的，不文明的行为。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。 |
举一反三
Deception (骗术）is something that people do all the time ,and it plays an important role in military (军事的)strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.
At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin , a professor at the School of interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果）.Squirrels will hide their food m a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a fake location.
Ronald Arkin and his Ph. D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a “predator (捕食者）” machine by doing what εi squirrel does： showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.
The team also looked at how other animals in this case，a species of bird called Arabian babbler~ drive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打）wings and making noises. The babblers don’t ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off； they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isn’t worth it
They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain size—essentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that it’s best to back off . Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didn’t have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.
The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a fake trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.
小题1:Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels’trick?| A．It can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy. | | B．It can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous. | | C．It can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources. | | D．It can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns. |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators?| A．One bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it | | B．They fight the enemy bravely face to face. | | C．They make noises and flaps around the predator. | | D．They force the predator aware that it isn"t worthwhile to attack. |
小题3:What is the main idea of the passage?| A．Animals" behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots. | | B．Robots, fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals’behaviors. | | C．Birds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception. | | D．Researchers are interested m animals’military-related behaviors. |
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Beware of those who use the truth to deceive. When someone tells you something that is 36 , but leaves out important information that should be 37 , he can create a false impression.
For example, someone might say, “I just 38 a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and 39 it in for one hundred dollars!”
This guy’s a winner, 40 ? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred 41 , and only one was a winner. He’s really a big 42 !
He didn’t say anything that was 43 , but he deliberately left out some important 44 . That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically 45 , but they are just as not 46 .
Untrustworthy candidates in 47 campaigns often use this tactic（策略，手段）. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and 48 three million jobs. Then she 49 another term. One of her opponents runs an ad 50 , “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true. 51 , an honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of 52 million jobs.”
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s 53 the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the 54 . An ad might boast, “Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples.” It 55 to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.
This kind of deception happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.
| 小题1: | | A．false | B．true | C．interesting | D．boring |
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| 小题2: | | A．included | B．contained | C．involved | D．referred |
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| 小题3: | | A．lost | B．found | C．donated | D．won |
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| 小题4: | | A．changed | B．took | C．turned | D．made |
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| 小题5: | | A．right | B．well | C．really | D．though |
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| 小题6: | | A．books | B．papers | C．tickets | D．balls |
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| 小题7: | | A．winner | B．loser | C．fighter | D．thinker |
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| 小题8: | | A．true | B．real | C．doubtful | D．false |
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| 小题9: | | A．details | B．information | C．mistakes | D．errors |
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| 小题10: | | A．stories | B．truth | C．facts | D．lies |
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| 小题11: | | A．pleasant | B．exciting | C．honest | D．clever |
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| 小题12: | | A．political | B．commercial | C．personal | D．public |
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| 小题13: | | A．stopped | B．found | C．avoided | D．gained |
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| 小题14: | | A．seeks | B．gets | C．achieves | D．searches |
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| 小题15: | | A．writing | B．reading | C．saying | D．speaking |
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| 小题16: | | A．Otherwise | B．However | C．In fact | D．This way |
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| 小题19: | | A．words | B．facts | C．data | D．truth |
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| 小题20: | | A．fails | B．tries | C．manages | D．plans |
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Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication (非言语交际) makes up about 50% of what we really 3 . And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures (文化). Indeed, what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 6 , different societies treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8 contact (接触) even with friends, certainly not with 9 .
People from Latin American countries, 10 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in 11 , it may look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 13 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 14 -which the Latino will in return regard as 15 _ .
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 16 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 17 cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 18 . But whatever the situation, the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 20 _.
| 小题1: | | A．straighter | B．louder | C．harder | D．further |
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| 小题2: | | A．sounds | B．invitations | C．feelings | D．messages |
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| 小题3: | | A．hope | B．receive | C．discover | D．mean |
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| 小题4: | | A．immediate | B．misleading | C．important | D．difficult |
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| 小题6: | | A．For example | B．Thus | C．However | D．In short |
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| 小题7: | | A．trade | B．distance | C．connections | D．greetings |
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| 小题8: | | A．eye | B．verbal | C．bodily | D．telephone |
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| 小题9: | | A．strangers | B．relatives | C．neighbours | D．enemies |
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| 小题10: | | A．in other words | B．on the other hand | | C．in a similar way | D．by all means |
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| 小题11: | | A．trouble | B．conversation | C．silence | D．experiment |
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| 小题12: | | A．disturbing | B．helping | C．guiding | D．following |
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| 小题13: | | A．closer | B．faster | C．in | D．away |
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| 小题14: | | A．stepping forward | B．going on | C．backing away | D．coming out |
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| 小题15: | | A．weakness | B．carelessness | C．friendliness | D．coldness |
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| 小题16: | | A．talk | B．travel | C．laugh | D．think |
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| 小题17: | | A．different | B．European | C．Latino | D．rich |
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| 小题18: | | A．curiosity | B．excitement | C．misunderstanding | D．nervousness |
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| 小题19: | | A．chance | B．time | C．result | D．advice |
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| 小题20: | | A．noticed | B．treated | C．respected | D．pleased |
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In the world today, there are millions of surveillance cameras, or “spy cams”, watching and monitoring our daily activities. There are some benefits of course, as people who are breaking laws can be watched and caught using cameras and this helps keep our society and public places safe. These cameras are everywhere and most are openly visible on roads, in airports, businesses, shopping centers and government buildings and even in lifts. Even schools have started using spy cams to watch student activity and behaviour.
The cameras are so common now that we hardly ever even notice them. But the problem lies with the ones that are hidden away from our eyes and are unseen. Technology has helped develop tiny cameras that can be very well hidden and they can “spy” on shoppers, workers, babysitters and people in hotels and clubs without the people even knowing.
It is these spy cams that people feel are an invasion of privacy. Recently, in the US, there have been a number of court cases against babysitters whose actions have been recorded by their employers on hidden cameras.
The number of cameras in public and private areas is on the increase and with rising crime rates and the recent terrorist attacks, more and more surveillance cameras are being used to watch us. This means that we all have to be aware that our employers, department stores, police and even some of our friends could be spying on us at any time!
小题1:In the writer’s opinion, surveillance cameras _______. .| A．do more good than wrong | | B．are overused | | C．should be very popular | | D．ought to be more widely used |
小题2:In what way can the surveillance camera benefit the public?| A．By helping keep social safety. | | B．By monitoring the employees. | | C．By watching the students in class. | | D．By spying on customers. |
小题3:According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, people _______ the use of hidden cameras.| A．object to | | B．agree to | | C．feel happy about | | D．are fearful of |
小题4:Spy cams will be more widely used in the future because _______. .| A．all people want to spy | | B．of the invasion of privacy | | C．people enjoy being watched | | D．of terrorist attacks |
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The practice of magic includes special words, actions, and objects. Most magic involves a person called a magician, who claims to have supernatural powers. Magic words.
To work most magic, the magician sings or speaks special words in a certain order. These words are called incantations or spells. Some spells form prayers to demons(魔鬼), spirits, or other supernatural forces. Many societies believe the magic will not work unless the magician recites the spells perfectly. Other magic words have no meaning, though they supposedly possess power when spoken by a magician. Magic actions accompany the words spoken in performing much magic. Many of these movements act out the desired effect of the magic. For example, a magician trying to make rain fall may sprinkle(洒) water on the ground. The magician"s combined words and actions form a ceremony. Magic objects include certain plants, stones, and other things with supposed supernatural powers. Any such object may be called a fetish(物神). But this term often refers to an object—for example, a carving or a dried snake—honored by a tribe for its magic powers. Many tribes believe fetishes have magic power because spirits live in these objects. Many people carry magic objects called amulets(护身符)to protect themselves from harm. Many amulets are stones or rings engraved(雕刻) with magic symbols.
The magician, in some societies, nearly everyone knows how to work some magic. In other societies, only experts practice magic. Magicians may be called medicine men, medicine women, shamans, sorcerers, or witch doctors. In many societies, magicians must inherit(遗传) their powers. In others, any person may become a magician by studying the magical arts.
Many societies believe magicians must observe certain rules and taboos (forbidden actions) for their spells to work. For example, they may be required not to eat various foods or to avoid sexual activity for a certain period before the ceremony.
小题1:What do magic words mean to people in some society? | A．They have the power to kill devils. | | B．They have power if magician recites the right spells. | | C．They have no effect at all. | | D．They can be used whenever they want. |
小题2:Why do many people believe in a fetish? | A．Because it is often a ring which is worth a lot of money. | | B．Because it is carved with magic symbols. | | C．Because people think spirits live in it. | | D．Because it can help them with many things. |
小题3:What"s the best title of the passage? | A．How Magicians make Magic Work | B．The Power of Magic | | C．How to Practice Magic | D．The Choice of Magicians |
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