Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future suc
题型：不详难度：来源：
Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment. Children"s relationships with peers (同龄人) strongly influence their success in school, and children with fewer friends are more likely dropping out of school, becoming sad and other problems.
Making and Keeping Friends Is More Than Child"s Play
When 6-year-old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning, her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie. Though they were only separated by a weekend, the girls "ran right into each other"s arms and hugged," recalls Rachel"s mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert. "It was like a scene from a movie."
Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child. Experts agree that friendship is not simply child"s play, but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.
A Skill for Life
"Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood," says Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia, psychologist with the Center for Children"s Health & Life Development.
Researcher William Hartup states, "Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (认知的) development." Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior, but rather, how well a child gets along with other children.
The work of Arizona State University proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids, so is the lack of friends detrimental.
Good Friendships Don"t Just Happen
Experts agree that it is basic for children to develop high-quality friendships. But, researchers warn, these friendships don"t necessarily just happen. Often, a good friendship begins with involved （卷入，牵连）parents.
Valley psychologist Dr. Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.
Bad Company
Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child"s friendships. "When she was in 1st grade, her supposed "best friend" began calling her names and threatening to hurt her," says Mindy Miller. "My daughter wasn"t allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class. It really crushed (压跨) her spirit. I told my daughter she didn"t need a "friend" like that."
"I"ll bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him," Adler-Tapia says. "I don"t look at it as manipulation (操纵), just positive parental involvement. "
小题1:The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to show that ________.| A．childhood friendship is of great benefit to their growth | | B．a positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems | | C．it is a proven（被证明的） fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life | | D．Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend |
小题2:The underlined word "detrimental" could be replaced by _______.| A．valuable | B．disappointing | C．accurate | D．harmful |
小题3:We can learn from the passage that high-quality friendship most probably results from ______.| A．social skills and good study habits | | B．school grades and classroom behaviors | | C．academic success and social adaptation | | D．positive parental involvement and social skills |
小题4:From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia agrees that ______.| A．parents should regard making friends as something that just happens | | B．it"s wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships | | C．parents only need to help their children to deal with difficult social situations | | D．parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:B |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了童年时期的友谊对孩子的重要性，父母应该必要的参与帮助孩子建立健康的友谊。
小题1:推理题：从第三段的句子：Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child.可知举Rachel 和 Abbie的例子，可以说明童年时代的友谊有益于孩子的成长。选A
小题2:猜词题：从前面的句子：beneficial可知缺乏友谊是有害的。选D
小题3:细节题：从Good Friendships Don"t Just Happen 这部分的内容，可知好的友谊是由于家长的参与和社交技能。选D
小题4:推理题：从最后一段的句子："I"ll bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him," 可知Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia 认为父母支持鼓励健康的同龄人的友谊的明智的。选B
点评：这是篇议论文，阅读本文时要注意作者组织本文的结构：引题——论据——论点，只有把握了作者的中心论点，做题时才不会偏离议论中心，文章里面引用了一些人的话，题目设置就是围绕这些不同的观点的，找到正确的句子，进行判断。 |
举一反三
Searching the Internet may help middle-aged and older adults keep their memories sharp,US researchers said.
Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles ,studied people doing web searches by recording their brain activity.
“What we saw was people who had Internet experience used more of their brain during the search,”Dr.Gary Small, a UCLA expert on aging, said,“This suggests that just searching on the Internet may train the brain and that it may keep it active and healthy.”
“This is the first time anyone has simulated(模拟)an Internet search task while scanning the brain,”Small said. His team studied 24 normal volunteers between the ages of 55 and 76. Half were experienced at searching the Internet and the other half had no web experience. However, the two groups were similar in age, gender and education.
Both groups were asked to do Internet searches and book reading tasks while their brain activity was monitored.
“We found that in the book reading task, the visual cortex— the part of the brain that controls reading and language — was activated,”Small said,“In doing the Internet search task, there was much greater activity, but only in the Internet-savvy（了解）group.”
He said it appears that people who are familiar with the Internet can engage in much deeper level of brain activity. Activities that keep the brain engaged can preserve brain health and thinking ability. Small thinks learning to do Internet searches may be one of those activities.
小题1:Researchers when volunteers were doing web searches.| A．studied the Internet | | B．activated the brain | | C．recorded their memories | | D．monitored the brain activity |
小题2:The two volunteer groups were .| A．similar in education | | B．of the same age | | C．good at the computer | | D．book lovers |
小题3:According to the passage, we can learn that .| A．reading books keeps the brain more engaged | | B．searching the web keeps the brain more engaged | | C．watching TV keeps the brain more engaged | | D．chatting online keeps the brain more engaged |
小题4:Which of the following is TRUE?| A．When you read, the whole brain will be activated. | | B．Dr.Gary Small is a UCLA expert on brain health. | | C．Internet searches can preserve brain health and thinking ability | | D．People who read books may have a better memory. |
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TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2010
Frequently Asked Questions
What is TEENSGIVING?
TEENSGIVING is an exciting yearly event where hundreds of New York City teens gather together yearly for a remarkable day of community service. This year, TEENSGIVING in SRING 2010 participants will once again better New York City and influence thousands of lives!
When is TEENSGIVING in SPRING2010?
SUNDAY, APRIL 25, 2010
Where is TEENSGIVING?
All over New York City. Everyone will meet at the 92nd Street Y (92nd and Lexington) at 9:00 AM for the event kick-off. Then, all TEENSGIVING volunteers will spread across the city to work with our partnering agencies where they will make a HUGE difference and have fun!
Who participates in TEENSGIVING?
Hundreds of teenagers from around the city. Teens come from the 92nd Street Y, various city schools, youth groups, and organizations in the area. In addition, many adult volunteers (aged 21 and older) will contribute their time to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2010.
What projects do participants do at the agencies?
Sample projects include painting park benches, planting gardens, visiting and playing with the poor children, assembling(组装) model planes for children in hospitals, assisting at animal shelters（收容所）, working at soup kitchens, delivering meals and celebrating with families at homeless shelters.
Do I get anything for participating in TEENSGIVING?
Yes! Everybody benefits! Teen volunteers will receive *6 hours* of community service credit, good towards honor society, high school graduation and college application requirements. Adult volunteers will be “thanked” with a light breakfast, a gift certificate(证明，证书) for their troubles, and the satisfaction of helping our city’s youth contribute to their community. In addition, all teen and adult volunteers will receive a cool TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2010 T-shirt.
This sounds amazing! How do I record my name for TEENSGIVING in SPRING2010? Interested teens and/or adults should e-mail the TEENSGIVING Coordinator Josh Hyman at jhyman@92Y.org (subjet: TEENSGIVING ) to receive more information and to register for this fantastic event!
**Teens can also contact their school’s Community Service Advisor**
TEENSGIVING is sponsored by the 92nd Street Y.
小题1: TEENSGIVING is an event which is held ______.| A．fromtimetotime | B．onceeveryyear | | C．everytwoyears | D．twiceayear |
小题2:Teenagers may do all the following in the event EXCEPT ____.| A．wateringflowers | B．cooking | | C．cleaningstreets | D．takingcareofanimals |
小题3:An adult volunteer may get _ for his time devoted
to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2010.| A．communityservicecreditandaT-shirt | | B．ahighschoolcertificateandalightbreakfast | | C．aT-shirtandagiftcertificate | | D．agiftcertificateandcommunityservicecredit |
小题4:The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is to _______.| A．informreadersofsomefrequentlyaskedquestions | | B．introduceTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2010toreaders | | C．encouragereaderstoaskmorequestionsaboutTEENSGIVING | | D．callonreaderstoparticipateinTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2010 |
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A staycation is a vacation when you do not travel at all. Some people use a staycation to just stay at home, and others prefer to experience the attractions around them without traveling very far.
There are many choices for staycations. Any town or city has plenty of choices for things to do if you know where to look. If the weather is nice, you can visit the local gardens or forests for a hike. You can look online for several historic places and create your own history tours. Of course, you can also visit other attractions in the areas like museums, restaurants, bars, parks, beaches, and so on. Often, if you drive just a few hours, you can find a city that you can walk around and see. Then by driving home you can save the cost of a hotel and a plane ride.
Others take the term “staycation” word for word and do not leave their houses at all. Some choices for this can include taking time off to cook a great meal and enjoy it together or spending all day at a pool.
Just as a coin has two sides, staycation has its advantages as well as disadvantages.
Since you are not traveling or staying in a hotel, a staycation can be unbelievably costeffective（低成本的）. You don’t have to pay for a hotel, so that cost has been completely eliminated. You are also saving by not driving very far and by not taking an airplane anywhere. Travel costs have become really high, and the farther you go, the higher they are. By staying close to home, you cut that cost by quite a bit. You are also pushing money back into your local economy（经济）by spending your money at local businesses rather than in cities that are far away from home. Finally, any stress that you feel with travel, whether that is from driving long distances or looking for an airport, will completely disappear.
小题1:For what purpose is the text written?| A．To introduce the general information of staycatons. | | B．To compare staycatons with other vacations. | | C．To persuade more people to have staycations. | | D．To provide different ways of staycations. |
小题2:What is one of the advantages of a staycation?| A．The economy in other cities is also improved. | | B．People spend nothing when staying at home. | | C．You can visit local attractions for free. | | D．There is no stress from traveling. |
小题3:What does the underlined word “eliminated” in Paragraph 5 probably means?| A．included | B．removed | | C．covered | D．raised |
小题4:What will probably be discussed in the following paragraph?| A．When to take a staycation. | B．What disadvantages a staycation has. | | C．Why people prefer a staycation. | D．How to have a staycation safely. |
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The Convention(公约)concerning the protection of world cultural and natural heritage appeared from a need to call for international cooperation to protect the world"s natural and scenic areas and historic sites for present and the future generations.
In 1959 there was international concern over the flooding of the Abu Simbel temples, a treasure of ancient Egyptian civilization, to build the Aswan High Dam in Egypt. Through an international campaign by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) on the request of Egypt and Sudan, resources were found to move the temples to a new site. In 1965,a conference at the White House in Washington DC, USA called for a "World Heritage Trust" and international cooperation to protect "the world"s superb natural and scenic areas and historic sites for the present and the future". In 1969, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) developed similar proposals for its members .Therefore, the Convention was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO in 1972. By regarding heritage as both cultural and natural, the Convention reminds us of the ways in which people interact with nature , and of the basic need to keep the balance between the two.
The Convention identifies the natural or cultural sites on the World Heritage List, and sets out their role in protecting them .Although the emphasis has been on sites and natural features of "outstanding universal value", each country promises not only to conserve the World Heritage sites situated in its country, but also to protect and conserve its cultural and natural heritage.
There is also a "List of World Heritage in Danger" which are sites threatened by serious and specific dangers caused by changes in the use or ownership of the land , wars or natural disasters.
小题1:What is the purpose of the World Heritage Convention according to the passage?| A．To call for international cooperation to help poor people. | | B．To protect the world"s natural and cultural heritage. | | C．To save the natural resouces for next generation in the world. | | D．To raise money for the endangered heritage in the world. |
小题2:What can we infer from the second paragraph in the passage?| A．The history of the UNESCO is very long. | | B．The World Heritage Convention is not accepted by people. | | C．The Abu Simbel temples in Egypt are moved to a new site. | | D．The adoption of the World Heritage Convention takes al long time. |
小题3:The last two paragraphs mainly tell us __________.| A．the detailed purpose of the World Heritage Convention | | B．how to make a list of world heritage in danger | | C．how to make a world heritage list | | D．the importance of making two lists |
小题4:Which of the following has the same meaning as the underlined word "conserve"?| A．Pretend. | B．Prevent. | C．Preserve. | D．Prepare. |
小题5:According to Paragraph 4, there are many sites in danger for reasons EXCEPT________.| A．abuse of land | B．conflicts | C．lack of money | D．natural disasters |
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A community garden is a shared garden. A group of people get together and share a piece of land for their garden. This could be an empty place, or simply one at a neighbor"s house.
Community gardens are not limited to urban locations. Many rural communities share garden space as well . Some communities will divide their garden into individual plots and others will work on the entire garden together. You may find some community gardens on rooftops. This provides a platform for city citizen, where they can communicate with nature even when there no yard space.
community garden can be used to grow flowers and other plants as well as produce. Some community gardeners choose to sell their homegrown goods. Others choose to use it themselves and some do a combination of both . Some community gardeners donate part of their produce to local food banks . Besides, homegrown produce is also much fresher and tastier.
When you belong to a community garden it also gives you a chance to socialize with your neighbor. You"ll develop a better sense of involvement and belonging. You"ll be communicating with people of similar interests, as well as people with different ideas .Community gardening often leads to setting up other community projects.
It brings a sense of achievement to know that you"ve taken apiece of waste land and turned it into something beautiful .The entire neighborhood will enjoy the benefits of your bard work.
A community garden is an opportunity for education as well .You may learn from your fellow gardeners .You can also ask local children to join you .This gives them a way to show their creativity and keep them busy, and points them in the right direction.
小题1:People can find a community garden________| A．near the river | | B．only in rural areas | | C．only in urban locations | | D．both in rural and urban communities |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of the community garden?| A．A sense of achievement. | | B．A sense of involvement and belonging | | C．An opportunity for education | | D．A method to ease urban crowdedness |
小题3:According to the passage, a community garden_________| A．will replace other community projects | | B．is especially suitable for rural areas | | C．can sometimes be on the top of a roof | | D．can only be shared where there is no yard space |
小题4:What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk abort?
A. The produce of a community garden.
B. The location of a community garden.
C The definition of a community garden
D. The popularity of a community garden.
小题5:It can be learned from the passage that a community garden can __________
A. make it unnecessary to go shopping
B improve your study a lot at school
C. make you richer and healthier
D. help you to avoid feeling lonely |
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