As we all know, any country has good reasons to want its citizens to be as healt

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As we all know, any country has good reasons to want its citizens to be as healthy as possible. This led to the introduction of a health service in many countries. France has developed into a country in which all citizens can get most of the health treatment free. The money for this is partly from the people who are willing to offer.
But there are different opinions about the Health Service. The number of patients treated every year and the cost of treatment are much greater than expected. This means that the people who work for the Health Service --- doctors, nurses and other hospital workers, have much more work to do, and as a result they have little time for preventive treatment.
However, the tough problem is that as many people are able to receive treatment more expensive than they can pay, sometimes people go and visit their doctors when they don’t really need to. As there are many patients, doctors cannot spend time long enough with each patient. So some people prefer to pay for their own treatment so that their doctors can examine them more carefully. In fact, some rich people feel that they should pay more free money, which would be given to other citizens.
小题1: France is described as an example to show that __________.

A．people have to pay part of the medical care

B．everyone in France enjoys free medical care

C．it is a country with the Health Service

D．it is a very rich country in Europe

小题2: What is the problem in the Health Service?

A．Money is not enough to employ more medical workers.

B．There are not enough well-treated doctors.

C．People can get more preventive treatment.

D．Doctors and nurses are not working hard.

小题3: Why do many people go and see the doctors even when they really don’t need to?

A．To keep himself even more healthy.	B．To receive treatment free of charge.
C．To take back some expensive medicine.	D．To get necessary protective treatment.

小题4:What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．The Health Service is quite successful so far.

B．People should not go to the doctors unless necessary.

C．There is much to improve the Health Service.

D．The rich should be allowed to pay for the treatment.

答案

小题1:C
小题1:A
小题1:D
小题1:B

解析

小题1:细节题：从第一段的句子：France has developed into a country in which all citizens can get most of the health treatment free.可知法国是有医疗服务的国家。选 C
小题1:推理题;从第二段的句子：This means that the people who work for the Health Service --- doctors, nurses and other hospital workers, have much more work to do, 可知钱太少，医疗工作人员也太少。选A
小题1:推理题;从第一段的最后一句话as a result they have little time for preventive treatment.可知这些人是为了得到预防的治疗去看医生的。选 D
小题1:推理题;从最后一段的句子：sometimes people go and visit their doctors when they don’t really need to. As there are many patients, doctors cannot spend time long enough with each patient.可以推断出人们应该在需要的时候看医生。选 B

举一反三

Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive(欺骗)? When someone tells you something that is true，but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture．
For example，someone might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery(彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”
This guy’s a winner，right? Maybe，maybe not．We then discover that he bought $ 200 worth of tickets，and only one was a winner．He’s really a big loser!
He didn’t say anything that was false，but he left out important information on purpose．That’s called a half-truth．Half truths are not technically lies，but they are just as dishonest．
Some politicians often use this trick．Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term，her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs．Then she seeks an other term．One of her opponents(对手)says，“During Governor Smith’s term，the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true．However，an honest statement would have been，“During Governor Smith’s term，the state had a net gain of two million jobs．’’
Advertisers will sometimes use half—truths．It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth．An advertisement might say，“Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache．”It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company．
This kind of deception happens too often．It’s a sad fact of life：Lies are lies，and sometimes the truth can 1ie as well．
小题1:How much did the lottery winner lose?

A．one hundred dollars．	B．Two hundred dollars．
C．Three hundred dollars．	D．Four hundred dollars．

小题2:We may infer that the author believes people should ________.

A．buy lottery tickets if possible	B．make use of half—truths
C．be careful about what they are told	D．not trust the Yucky Company

小题3: How many examples does the writer give to show how the truth is used to deceive?

A．One．

B．Two．

C．Three．

D．Four．

小题4:Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Using half truths is against the law．

B．Technically，half truths are in fact lies．

C．Yucky Pills is a very good medicine for toothache．

D．Governor Smith did a good job during her last term．

小题5:Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?

A．He’s really a big loser!

B．Sometimes the truth can lie as well．

C．Advertisers will sometimes use half truths．

D．It’s against the law to make false statements．

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Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict(迷),” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled(皱的).” Today David wears casual clothes — khaki pants and a sports shirt — to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday).This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing,” said business adviser Maisly Jones.
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work. Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”
小题1:David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict” because ______________.

A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt

B．he couldn’t stand a clean appearance

C．he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the time

D．he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes

小题2: David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______________.

A．they make him feel at ease when working

B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes

C．he looks handsome in casual clothes

D．he no longer works for any company

小题3:According to this passage, which of the following is FALSE?

A．Many workers don’t like a conservative dress code.

B．Comfortable clothes make workers more productive.

C．A casual clothes code is welcomed by young workers.

D．All the employers in the U.S. are for casual office wear.

小题4:According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.

B．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.

C．“Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.

D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.

小题5: In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT ______________.

A．saving worker’s money

B．making workers more attractive

C．improving worker’s feeling

D．making workers happier

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A motivational strategy that parents can employ with their kids, is to frame tasks and responsibilities in the context of what the end benefit is for them．I call this strategy WIIFM （"What"s in it for me?" ）．
When a teen can combine an understanding of WIIFM with a sense of passion about achieving a goal, barriers will start to fall away．At our teen summer camps, we arrange an event near the end of the 10-day session that helps campers identify an important life goal and mentally break through their biggest barrier to achieving the goal． We pass around 12-by-12-inch pine boards．We tell campers that this activity is not about breaking a piece of wood．It"s about how you can get what you want in your life．It"s about breaking
barriers to grab on to your goals．
They have the power to break through any barrier．It has nothing to do with body size or physical condition．The skinniest, smallest teens will break through the board almost as easily as the big ones．
We talk to the campers about the reasons they might have had for not reaching their goals in the past．Maybe they got lazy and decided it wasn"t worth the effort．Maybe they failed and let their fear of failure hold them back．But this exercise is about putting the past where it belongs．Today is about making new choices．
By this point in the program, we ask them to think of the goal they"ve set or themselves and write their goals on the boards．Then they write the possible obstacles which may hold them back on the opposite sides．An inch of pine now stands between them and their dreams．
The facilitators and their teammates gather around．The support is strong．One by one,

they break through the barriers and grab their goals! All around us teens are laughing, crying, hugging, and holding up the broken pieces of their boards．The confidence shown on their faces is beautiful．
While arranging such an activity in one"s home is almost unrealistic for parents, the value of helping a teen break through a personal hairier simply by being there as moral support can not be overestimated．More help for parents in the form of videos and

articles is available at our website, in our blogs and in a monthly e-newsletter．
小题1:The 12-by-12-inch pine boards are used as ______．

A．materials to test one"s muscles	B．signs of goals in one"s life
C．assessments to show one"s progress	D．symbols of barriers in one"s life

小题2:We can learn from the passage that through the event the campers ______．

A．become hard-working	B．get moral support
C．gain confidence	D．set right goals

小题3:Which is the best title for the passage?

A．The Power of WIIFM	B．What"s in It for Me
C．The Importance of Goals	D．Motivational Strategies

小题4:The passage is intended for ______．

A．teens

B．parents

C．campers

D．tutors

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Foresters are people who work with trees and know a lot about them. Occasionally, foresters have problems, and the foresters in southern Indiana have had many problems.
The foresters were doing an experiment. They wanted to grow walnut (胡桃) trees by planting walnuts in the ground. If they succeeded, the foresters would be able to control the location of the trees. Also, this method would be much cheaper than transplanting or moving nut trees that were grown in plant nurseries (苗圃) . So th

e foresters planted their walnuts, and that’s when the squirrels (松鼠) started causing trouble. Shortly after the nuts were planted, the squirrels dug them up for tasty snacks (快餐) .
The foresters tried to keep the squirrels away from the walnuts. Mothballs (卫生球) were used as a warning, but they didn’t work. Then, the foresters tried dipping the walnuts in kerosene (煤油) , but that didn’t stop the squirrels either. The foresters continue to search for a method that will really work. But until they find one, the squirrels can continue to have their walnut snacks and the foresters will have to transplant trees!
小题1:Foresters are people who .

A．look after the forest and work with trees

B．feed squirrels in the forest

C．catch squirrels that steal walnuts

D．transplant trees

小题2:What were the foresters trying to do with the walnuts?

A．Plant food for squirrels.	B．Control the location of the trees.
C．Move the trees closer to the squirrels.	D．Get squirrels to eat them.

小题3:The underlined word “transplanting” probably means “ ”.

A．planting

B．moving

C．growing

D．buying

小题4:What did the squirrels do to the walnuts that were dipped in kerosene?

A．Left them alone.	B．Continued to eat them.
C．Hid them in trees	D．Put them into the earth.

小题5:According to the story, which of the following is not true?

A．Mothballs didn’t prove to be a good method of stopping the squirrels from eating the walnuts.

B．The squirrels found the walnuts tasty.

C．The squirrels started eating mothballs instead of walnuts.

D．The forester haven’t fou

nd a good way to prevent the squirrels from eating the walnuts.

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Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows (寡妇)and widowers were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.
　　Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.
　　So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.
　　A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”
小题1:William Farr’s study and other studies show that _________.

A．social life provides an effective cure for illness

B．being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life

C．women benefit more than men from marriage

D．marriage contributes a great deal to longevity

小题2:Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _________.

A．older men should quit smoking to stay healthy

B．marriage can help make up for ill health

C．the married are happier than the unmarried

D．unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life

小题3:It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to _________.

A．the disadvantages of being married

B．the emotional problems arising from marriage

C．the responsibility of taking care of one’s family

D．the consequence of a broken marriage

小题4: What does the author say about social networks?

A．They have effects similar to those of a marriage.

B．They help develop people’s community spirit.

C．They provide timely support for those in need.

D．They help relieve people of their life’s burdens.

小题5:What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．It’s important that we develop a social network when young.

B．To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.

C．Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.

D．We should share our social networks with each other.

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