237 West Palmdale Boulevard Fresno, California 93706 AmToy Corporation Suite 15
题型：不详难度：来源：
237 West Palmdale Boulevard
Fresno, California 93706
AmToy Corporation
Suite 15
TransAm Building
San Francisco, California 94115
November 20, 2008
Dear Sirs,
As a concerned parent, I am writing to protest your recent advertisement for Electro—Robo seen in local media is California. Specifically, I am referring to newspaper and magazine ads（attached to this letter）published the week of November 15.
Children respond to your type of advertising in an immature way; that is, they are unable to understand how expensive some toys are for middle-class parents. Further, you product is violent in nature. Youth advertisement gives children the impression that it’s fine to have “two guns and laser eyes.” You also suggest that children need your toy to protect them “when you go outside.” This is not a healthy attitude for children to have.
I hope you will stop advertising your product in such a way that may harm our children.
Sincerely yours,
（Mrs.） Alma Hernandez
President, Parents for Non-violent Toys
Enc.
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It’s here! Ready for You, Now! It’s Electro-Robo!
Every boy dreams of being in control of a robot, and AmToy can make your dream come true! Electro-Roho is the world’s first fully automatic robot with radio control. Standing 80 centimeters tall, Electro-Robo is like a friend at home. He can walk, talk, and even shake your hand! He has two guns and laser eyes to help you defend yourself when you go outside with him. Every boy needs Electro-Robo!
Ask your Mom and Dad to buy Electro-Robo for your birthday or for Christmas, which is coming up soon. Imagine that you are in control of your friend for life, Electro-Robo!
Available at all toy stores and department stores NOW!
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小题1:What is the purpose of the letter? | A．To complain about a broken toy. | B．To oppose the advertising. | | C．To order a gift for Chrismas. | D．To apply for a job in a toy company. |
小题2:Why does the writer of the letter that Electro-Robo is violent? | A．It is controlled by radio water. | B．It is expensive to buy. | | C．It is 80 centimeter tall. | D．It bears arms. |
小题3:What dose “Enc.” at the end of the letter mean? | A．Something attached to the letter. | B．A complaint to the toy company. | | C．A hidden message | D．An encouraging response. |
小题4:Electro-Robo can do all the following EXCEPT ______-. | A．sitting down | B．shaking hands | C．talking | D．walking |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:A |
解析
小题1:主旨大意。根据信中第一句可以判断作者写信的目的是反对玩具公司刊出的对孩子不利的广告。
小题2:细节理解。根据信中的Two guns and laser eyes可知作者之所以认为玩具很暴力是因为这种玩具配有双枪和激光眼。
小题3:词义猜测。作者写信表达了自己的观点，下文小方框中的内容则是玩具公司刊出的广告的原文，由此可推断这是“另付”的意思。
小题4:细节理解。第二个方框中的内容没有提到这种自动化机器人玩具可以坐下。 |
举一反三
Many people write to newspaper and magazines to express their opinions. Letters to the editor must carry the writer’s full name, address and telephone number, although the information is not necessary for publication. This requirement to provide personal particulars is a clear indication that writers are held responsible for what they say. When a writer wants his voice heard, he needs to claim ownership of his voice. Responsibility is the name of the game.
“People today prefer living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because they refuse to accept responsibility for the relationship,” said social worker Ken Yip, “and this is what is causing a lot of family problems.” When we sign a paper, for example, a business contract or a bank document, the signature is a seal of consent, an agreement to take the matter seriously. Most governments and many organizations will not process written complaints if they do not bear the writer’s signature. The absence of a signature, they explain, tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.
There are people who wish to remain anonymous（匿名的）for various reasons. Multi-billionaire Mr. King donates generously to charity several times a year. He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring, and he does not want his good deeds to make news. In other cases, people insist on anonymity because they are afraid of the consequences of revealing their identity. Crime witnesses may be willing to assist the police, but most are unwilling to give their names when reporting a crime.
Name or no name? The answer is very personal and lies in how much we want to get involved. We all have a name. It is a matter if responsibility to use it when we make a statement, a claim or an accusation. We all want to honour our own name, and it is only by stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honour what we say.
小题1:What does the writer mean by saying “Responsibility is the name of the game”? | A．Writers need to provide their personal information in the game. | | B．Publication must bear the writer’s full name, address and phone number. | | C．Writers should be responsible for their names. | | D．Names are required to indicate writers’ responsibility for what they say. |
小题2:The second paragraph suggests that a paper without a signature may _______. | A．help to end a relationship | B．not get a reply | | C．be accepted all the same | D．become a family problem |
小题3:Some people don’t want their names known because they are ________. | A．hesitant to make a donation | B．unwilling to draw public attention | | C．afraid of an accusation | D．ready for involvement |
小题4:The passage is mainly about _______. | A．honour and writers | B．identity and signature | | C．signature and responsibility | D．anonymity and signature |
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Happiness, rather than working hard, is the key to success, according to research published yesterday. Cheerfu1 peop1e are more 1ikely to try new things and challenge（wk战）themselves， which strengthens their good emotion and leads to success in work，good relationships and strong health，say psychologists（心理学家）.
The findings suggest that happiness is not a “ feel-good” luxury（奢侈品），but is necessary for people’s well-being. What is more, happiness can also reach an entire nation，with people in” happy” nations being more likely to help others.
The link between happiness and success was studied by a team from the University of California Riverside，led by Professor Sonja Lyubomirsky.
First, they examined questionnaires that ask peop1e about their 1ives. “ For example, they show that happy people are likely to earn higher incomes” said Lyubomirsky. Having established the link，they wanted to discover the cause.
“Almost always it has been taken for granted that things that connect closely to happiness are the causes of happiness，but it could be just the opposite that those things are likely to be caused by happiness，” said Professor Ed Diener from the University of Illinois，another author on the paper.
“ There was strong evidence that happiness leads people to be more sociable，more generous and more productive at work，to make more money，and to have stronger immune（免疫）systems，”said Lyubomirsky.
The research shows that while success can put a spring in someone’s step，peop1e need happiness in the first place to achieve success.
According to the study， around 4 out of 5 people in modern industrialized nations arc happy at any one time.
Success was not just about earning lots of money. “ We describe success as having the things that culture or society values，whether it be friends，close family, money and income，or long life，”said Diener.
However，sorrowful people arc not predetermined to lead a life of failure.
小题1:In this passage，which of the following viewpoints does Professor Lyubomirsky state？| A．People in less happy countries are more likely to help others. | | B．Things connected to happiness are brought about by happiness. | | C．Happiness results in richer and healthier people. | | D．Success means possessing things that a cu1ture or society thinks highly of. |
小题2:The underlined phrase “ put a spring in someone’s step” means .| A．put you in good spirits | B．put spring water on your feet | | C．have a pleasant walk in spring | D．step into a cheerful spring |
小题3:According to the passage，which of the following is true？| A．People arc happy because they earn more money. | | B．People earn more money because they are happy. | | C．Working hard is important for being successful. | | D．We can do whatever we like as 1ong as we feel happy. |
小题4: We can infer from the passage that .| A．fee1ing good is a cause and not an effect of achievement | | B．our life would be a failure if we were not happy | | C．happiness is just a personal problem | | D．being successful mainly means being wealthy |
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Compulsive(狂热的) shoppers may have a new psychological excuse to blame for their shopping. Psychologists at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand are studying the “shop-till-you-drop” habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. Compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, and it causes them anxiousness.
“ It becomes a problem when you are out of control,” psychology lecturer Neville Blampied said. “ When you are feeling bad and blue, what do you do? Some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. Some people take the credit card and go out to the shop.” Bank managers understand the problem because they have to deal with people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money.
An advertisement in a Christchurch paper, calling for people to take part in an experimental treatment program designed by Mr. Wilson, attracted 10 replies. But the problem, said Mr. Wilson, is “clearly not rare.” He thinks that compulsive shopping should be treated with drugs. “As psychologists We are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral difficulties,” Mr. Wilson said.
Compulsive eaters or shoppers get a kick from their habit. “ Both activities provide an immediate kind of kick and you feel a bit better,” he said. “ You have long-term problems, but human beings are extremely good at not seeing long-term problem and are very sensitive to short-term benefits,” he said.
The aim of the treatments was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. The program, consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management.
“ You often have to start to get people to correctly recognize their emotions. Not being able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems.” Mr. Wilson said.
小题1:What is this article mostly about?| A．Signs of compulsive shopping. | | B．Studies of compulsive shopping. | | C．A comparison of shopping and eating. | | D．An experimental treatment program. |
小题2:The compulsive shoppers will go shopping when they _.| A．have lots of money | B．are taking drugs | | C．are feeling sad | D．win a prize |
小题3: Which of the following is considered important in treating compulsive shoppers?| A．Teach them to understand their emotions. | | B．Teach them to manage their money better. | | C．Persuade them not to draw money from the bank. | | D．Treat them with some right drugs. |
小题4:When the writer says that compulsive shoppers get a kick from their habit, he means that they _.| A．feel anxious after their wild shopping | | B．feel better after treatment from psychologists | | C．are better able to deal with stress problems | | D．have a feeling of excitement after shopping |
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Seeing may be believing，but hearing a sound first may help your sense of sight，according to results of a new study.
Researchers at the University of California of San Diego report that people were more accurate at noticing a flash of light when a sound was produced at the same place immediately before the light flashed.
“We used a loud sound to catch our participants’（受试者）attention” one of the study’s authors, Dr McDonald， said in an article. During some experiments， the sound occurred at the same location as the flash of light，while at other times it was produced on the opposite side of participants’ field of sight. The 33 participants in the study were more accurate at noticing the flash of light when the sound occurred on the same side，suggesting that sound can help direct visual（视觉的）attention.
According to McDonald， his research team plans to continue studying the relationship between sight and sound. It will be interesting to see， he said，what happens to the ability to pay attention when one of the sense does not work as well as it should，as in a person who is blind of has hearing problems.
McDonald also noted that research into the relationship between sight and sound could affect the way we 1ook at peop1e with attention disorder. Traditionally，these people together are considered to have attention prob1em，but in some people the problem may be caused by hearing or sight deficits（缺陷）.
“ It could be possible that they cou1d have a deficit in one sense or another，or in relating sight and sound together，” McDonald said. Research into this area may lead to better treatment for people who have a hard time paying attention. It may be a good idea to take into consideration the relationship between sound and sight when designing warning signals，such as for an airplane pilot.
小题1: By saying “ Seeing may be believing” ，the writer is suggesting that .| A．there is a relationship between hearing and seeing | | B．the saying has some influence on their research | | C．you should read the research findings in this article | | D．you should visit the laboratory in person |
小题2: One question the research team wants to study is how .| A．to deal with people’s hearing problems | | B．to improve pilots’ attention during flight | | C．people with hearing or sight deficits can improve their attention | | D．hearing or sight deficits affect people’s ability to pay attention |
小题3:McDonald believes that the study of the relationship between sight and sound will .| A．have practical values for medical doctors and pilots | | B．help change the well-being of medical doctors | | C．prevent people from having hearing or sight problem | | D．help to improve people’s eyesight |
小题4: Which is the best title for the passage？
A. A cure for people with hearing problems. B. The study of people’s attention.
C Sound helps to improves people’s attention. D. Sound helps to notice the flash of light. |
Tens of thousands of theatre tickets will be given away to young people next year as part of a government campaign to inspire a lifelong love for theatre.
The plan to offer free seats to people aged between 18 to 26—funded with £2.5 million of taxpayers’ money—was announced yesterday by Andy Burnham, the Culture Secretary. It received a cautious welcome from some in the arts world, who expressed concern that the tickets may not reach the most underprivileged.
The plan comes as West End theatres are enjoying record audiences, thanks largely to musicals teaming up with television talent shows. Attendances reached. 13.6 million in 2007, up 10 percent on 2006, itself a record year. Total sales were up 18 percent on 2006 to almost £470 million.
One theatre source criticised the Government’s priorities(优先考虑的事) in funding free tickets when pensioners were struggling to buy food and fuel, saying: “I don’t know why the Government’s wasting money on this. The Yong Vic, as The Times reported today, offers excellent performances at cheap prices.”
There was praise for the Government’s plan from Dominic Cooke of the Royal Court Theatre, who said: “I support any move to get young people into theatre, and especially one that aims to do it all over England, not just in London.”
Ninety-five publicly funded theatres could apply for funding under the two-year plan. In return, they will offer free tickets on at least one day each week to 18 to 26-year-olds, first-come, first-served. It is likely to be on Mondays, traditionally a quiet night for the theatre.
Mr. Burnham said: “A young person attending the theatre can find it an exciting experience, and be inspired to explore a new world. But sometimes people miss out on it because they fear it’s ‘not for them’. It’s time to change this perception.”
Jeremy Hunt, the Shadow Culture Secretary, said: “The real issue is not getting enthusiastic children into the theatre, but improving arts education so that more young people want to go in the first place. For too many children theatres are a no-go area.”
小题1:Critics of the plan argued that ______.| A．the theatres would be overcrowded | | B．it would be a waste of money | | C．pensioners wouldn’t get free tickets | | D．the government wouldn’t be able to afford it |
小题2:According to the supporters, the plan should ______.| A．benefit the television industry | | B．focus on producing better plays | | C．help increase the sales of tickets | | D．involve all the young people in England |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE about the plan?| A．Ninety-five theatres have received funding. | | B．Everyone will get at least one free ticket. | | C．It may not benefit all the young people. | | D．Free tickets are offered once every day. |
小题4:We can infer from the passage that in England ______.| A．many plays are not for young people | | B．many young people don’t like theatre | | C．people know little about the plan | | D．children used to receive good arts education |
小题5:According to the passage, the issue to offer free tickets to young people seems ______.| A．controversial | B．inspiring | C．exciting | D．unreasonable |
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