The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is s
题型：不详难度：来源：
The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing ___21___.
What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, __22___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber"s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent（经历）such a process.
When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had ___23___ several revisions due to problems with costuming andmakeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber ___24___ some of the music because the Phantom"s makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.
When you revise, you change aspects of your work in ___25___ to your evolving(不断演变的) purpose, or to include ___26___ ideas or newly discovered information.
Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. ___27___, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to ___28___ topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However, don"t make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows training. Always make time to become your own __29__and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you ___30___ new ideas.
Revising involves __31__ the effectiveness and appropriateness（恰当）of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more ___32____, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose ___33__ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the __34___; that is, facts, opinions, inferences --- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many___35___ details that may confuse readers?
| 小题1: | | A．technique | B．style | C．process | D．career |
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| 小题2: | | A．in particular | B．as a result | C．for example | D．in other words |
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| 小题3: | | A．undergone | B．skipped | C．rejected | D．replaced |
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| 小题4: | | A．rewrote | B．released | C．recorded | D．reserved |
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| 小题5: | | A．addition | B．response | C．opposition | D．contrast |
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| 小题6: | | A．fixed | B．ambitious | C．familiar | D．fresh |
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| 小题7: | | A．However | B．Moreover | C．Instead | D．Therefore |
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| 小题8: | | A．discuss | B．switch | C．exhaust | D．cover |
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| 小题9: | | A．director | B．master | C．audience | D．visitor |
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| 小题10: | | A．personal | B．valuable | C．basic | D．delicate |
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| 小题11: | | A．mixing | B．weakening | C．maintaining | D．assessing |
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| 小题12: | | A．specifically | B．freshly | C．swiftly | D．loosely |
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| 小题13: | | A．amazing | B．bright | C．unique | D．clear |
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| 小题14: | | A．angles | B．evidence | C．information | D．hints |
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| 小题15: | | A．unnecessary | B．uninteresting | C．concrete | D．final |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:A
小题5:B
小题6:D
小题7:B
小题8:B
小题9:C
小题10:B
小题11:A
小题12:A
小题13:D
小题14:C
小题15:A |
解析
试题分析：修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。
小题1:考查名词辨析,参照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webber"s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”和“However. don"t make the mistake of skipping the revision stage”。名词technique（技术）、style（风格）、career（事业、生涯）都不符题意。选C。
小题2:考查介词短语辨析，前面adding, deleting, replacing, reordering都是revising的方面，所以revising和这些名词同义；介词短语in other words表示“换句话说”。介词短语in particular（尤其、特别表强调）、as a result（因此，表结果）、for example（例如，表举例说明）都不符题意。选D。
小题3:考查动词辨析，动词skip（跳远）、reject（拒绝、抵制）replace（取代）都不符题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了（undergo）多次修改，与上段的“Andrew Lloyd Webber"s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”对应。选A。
小题4:考查动词辨析，动词release（释放、赦免、发行）、record（记录、录音）、reserve（保留、预订）都不符题意。动词rewrite表示“重写、修改”，与动词revise同义，与本篇文话题相关。选A。
小题5:考查介词短语辨析，介词短语in addition to表示“而且、除…之外还有”，in opposition to表示“与...的意见相反”，in contrast to表示“与...形成对比”，都与本题不符。in response to（作为对┄的反应）在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品目的的一种回应”选B。
小题6:考查形容词辨析，fresh ideas 与后面的newly discovered information对应。选D本题难度适中。
小题7:考查副词辨析，副词Moreover（而且）类似与but also表递进含义，与前面句not just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。B本题难度适中。
小题8:考查动词辨析，switch topics（变换标题）属于修改作品的一部分。动词discuss（讨论）、exhaust（汲干、使筋疲力尽）、cover（覆盖、包含）都不符题意。B本题难度适中。
小题9:考查名词辨析，，名词audience（观众）与下句view your dress rehearsal对应。名词director（导演）、master（主人、大师）、visitor（来访者）都与题意不符。选C。
小题10:考查形容词辨析，形容词valuable表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息”。形容词personal（个人的）、basic（基本的）、delicate（娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的）都与题意不符。选B。
小题11:考查动词辨析，，动词mix在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起”。选A
小题12:考查副词：A. specifically专门地B. freshly新鲜地C. swiftly快速地D. loosely松散地，更加具体的制定目标，选A。
小题13:考查形容词辨析，形容词clear在本句表示“我的文章大意或写作意图是否清晰”，与下文confuse readers对应。形容词amazing（令人惊讶的）、bright（明亮的、聪明的）、unique（独特的）都与题意不符。选D。
小题14:考查名词辨析，后句名称facts、opinions、inferences都属于information，与上句newly discovered information对应。C本题难度适中。
小题15:考查形容词辨析， unnecessary details表示“多余的信息”反而使读者困惑、误导读者。uninteresting（单调的、乏味的）、concrete（具体的）、final（最终的、决定性的）都与题意不符。选A。
点评：修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。文章是有些难度的，但文章层次分明结构严谨，立足语篇，侧重通过上下文信息考查考生的综合运用英语的能力，注重语篇的理解，学生平时要培养自己驾驭语篇的能力，培养自己根据语篇综合运用英语的能力。 |
举一反三
Few of us haven’t read Cinderella(灰姑娘), the story of a young woman living in poverty who meets the prince of her dreams. Some might not want to admit it, but there is a hidden Cinderella in everyone’s heart—we all wish we could achieve recognition or success after a period of obscurity(默默无闻). Mary Santiago has that secret dream, too. Her story is featured(特点) in Another Cinderella Story, a film set in a US high school.
Mary is shy but loves to dance. Compared with other girls, she is invisible. However, her world changes completely when a famous teenager pop singer, Joey Parker, appears. Joey is everything the rest of the boys in her class are not—kind, handsome and desirable. Mary and Joey’s paths cross at a ball. They meet and fall in love with each other. But when Mary has to rush back home, she leaves behind her MP3 player, which becomes the only clue Joey has to find the girl of his dreams. Of course, there is a wicked(邪恶的) stepmother, who turns out to be Dominique Blatt and she takes in Mary after her dancer mother dies. Dominique treats Mary like a maid and does everything she can to make sure Mary doesn’t get into the top dance school. Her two daughters are equally determined to stop Joey falling for Mary, even if that means embarrassing her.
The story, though it mostly follows Cinderella, does add a few modern day twists to the classic fairy tale. Refreshingly, the film, unlike many high school films, does not focus on looks, although the actors are all beautiful. There is also a lot less materialism in Another Cinderella Story than in many similar movies.
“The movie takes the Cinderella fairytale as its jumping off point,” writes movie critic Amber Wilkinson, “The focus is firmly on following your dream.”
小题1:The first paragraph is mainly to ____________.| A．build interest and lead us to Mary’s secret dream | | B．remind us why Cinderella is popular all the years | | C．tell us what is the Cinderella Story | | D．tell us how interesting the fairy tale Cinderella is |
小题2:What can we infer from the passage?| A．Joey is just like other boys in Mary’s class. | | B．Mary’s mother influences her a lot in singing. | | C．Not many people have a dream to be realized. | | D．The MP3 player helps Joey in finding Mary. |
小题3:The passage is mainly about ____________.| A．an introduction to a novel | B．a review about a film | | C．a passage about dreams | D．an advertisement of Cinderella |
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This is the SCIENCE IN THE NEWS, I’m Barbara Klein.
Animal experts say one of the world’s most beautiful and rare kinds of big cat is close to disappearing from the wild. A study earlier this year found that about thirty Amur leopards(豹) still live free. The cats are also called Far Eastern leopards.
Recently, their numbers have been reduced by one. Some person shot a female Amur, then beat her to death. The animal’s body was discovered last month in the Barsovy National Wildlife Refuge in eastern Russia.
An official of the World Wildlife Fund, Darron, said this was the third such killing in the area in the past fives years. Mr. Collins said the death of even one adult female is a huge loss for the endangered cat. He noted that the killing reduces the possibility for cubs(幼兽) or young.
It is not clear how many Amur leopards still live free. One population count was performed in February and March. Wildlife expert Dmitry Pikuuov led this study. It found evidence of seven to nine males. The study identified(确定) three to seven females without cubs. Four leopards were identified as females with cubs. In all, five or six cubs were recorded. Six to eight animals could not be identified.
Most of the land where the Amur leopard once lived was in China. New roads and climate change there threatened(威胁) the animals. So did hunters who kill big cats for their body parts.
Mr. Pikuuov says adult Amurs need about five hundred square kilometers with good forests to survive. He said they also need a large and continuing supply of animals like deer for food. He believes the answer to saving the Amur leopard is for governments to provide protected spaces for wildlife.
小题1:This passage is probably from____________.| A．a magazine | B．a newspaper report | C．a TV report | D．a film |
小题2:Why is the killing of an adult female a huge loss?| A．It could lead to the death of an adult male. | | B．It means it can not give birth to the young any more. | | C．It is worth more money than a male. | | D．There is only one adult female in the world. |
小题3:The number of the Amur leopards in China is becoming smaller because of all the following EXCEPT| A．new roads | B．climate change | C．human hunting | D．rare diseases |
小题4:According to the experts the Amur leopards ____________.| A．are living on plants | B．are living in the zoo | | C．are well protected by people | D．are endangered |
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India is an ancient civilization with rich cultural heritage (遗产), and its cultural heritage has something to do with all major religions of the world. Here we take a look at some of the top heritage destinations in India.
Sun Temple, Konark
As the name suggests this temple is all about the power of the sun God. A huge chariot (二轮战车) drawn by seven horses and twelve pairs of wheels reflect the importance which ancient people placed on the power of the sun. The pictures of animals and humans give this place a special look.
Churches Goa
Goa is the only Indian state which was under the Portuguese (葡萄牙人), so the scene in Goa is dotted with (点缀着) Portuguese style churches. Some of the famous churches include the church of Saint Catherine, church of Saint Augustine and church of saint Francis of Assisi. These churches exhibit beautiful paintings and flower designs which make them a must visit.
Ajanta and Ellora Caves
These caves contain well designed paintings which are widely regarded as the most outstanding works of Buddhist religious art.
Taj Mahal, Agra
Built on the bank of the Yamuna River, it is an excellent building. The writing and paintings on the outside structure provide the finest examples of the outstanding style of buildings.
Sanchi
Sanchi is a UNESCO world heritage site with numerous Buddhist temples dating back to the seventh and eighth centuries.
On your visit to India, be sure to visit some of these heritage destinations. An Indian journey is not wonderful without experiencing the beauty of these heritage destinations.
小题1:What can we learn from the passage?| A．Ellora Caves only have statues of animals. | | B．The Portuguese controlled the whole India two centuries ago. | | C．Indian cultural heritage is related to religions. | | D．The church of Saint Catherine is the earliest one in the world. |
小题2:The ancient people in India attached importance to .| A．animals | B．the sun’s power | C．ancient temples | D．ancient civilization |
小题3:What is the main idea of the passage?| A．Several top heritage destinations in India. | | B．The great effect that Indian religion has on culture. | | C．India has rich cultural heritage in the world. | | D．India is famous for its cultural heritage. |
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If you have no friends around you, it’s time that you should know about your neighborhood. Not all of your neighbors out there are friendly, but at least you need to communicate with them. It is common that when you are new to the neighborhood, your neighbors might actually greet you in an inspiring way.
In other words, they are pleased to welcome you in their neighbor-hood. Both you and your neighbors may start in getting known to each other by introducing yourselves. This is a sign that you and your neighbors are actually friends. Instead of watching television and playing computer games all the time, you also need to take a break and have some fun talking with your neighbors. But if you want to make friends with them, you need to do something that might please them. The only problem for this situation is that you are afraid to approach and greet them in a nice way.
This is a challenge that you or your fellow neighbors must be aware of. You need to get as many friends as possible in your neighborhood, and one of them is to get closer with the unfriendly. If you want to get closer with him but he refuses to be friends with you, don’t force him anymore. Treat him with some respect if you don’t like to create any more problems. However, if he agrees to be your friend, you are lucky and start treating him like a friend. It is very tough to approach a person in your neighborhood, but it is a good challenge. This is how important for you to get closer with your neighbors, even if they’re unfriendly. This is better than sticking yourself alone at home and not having time for social interactions (交往) with real people.
小题1:The passage is mainly about ______.| A．the importance of friendship in our life | | B．how to build good neighborhood relations | | C．methods to communicate effectively with people | | D．how to get rid of misunderstandings with neighbors |
小题2:Which of the following statements does the writer agree with according to the passage?| A．It’s just natural that all our neighbors are not friendly. | | B．Neighbors are usually unwilling to greet newcomers. | | C．Television and online games help reduce one’s loneliness. | | D．Making friends with the unfriendly neighbors needs patience. |
小题3:What’s the most difficult in making friends with neighbors?| A．Staying away from television and games. | | B．Knowing more about neighbors’ situations. | | C．Getting known to each other by introducing. | | D．Getting close with the unfriendly neighbors. |
小题4:The main purpose of the passage is to ______.| A．share experience | B．provide facts | | C．give advice | D．compare opinions |
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The speed and convenience of modern travel means that destinations that used to take a long time to travel to can now be reached quickly and easily. Even though” faraway” countries may now seem closer thanks to air travel, they may still be different from your home country. 小题1: Following are some fundamental rules that will make communication easier, and your trip more enjoyable.
小题2: If you don not know the word for something in local language, or can not make yourself understood verbally, try drawing a picture, or pointing to an object.
Avoid topics of conversation that you think may be sensitive. 小题3: .Feel free to show interest in the history and customs of the place you are visiting, but don’t ask too many questions about why things are done a certain way; you may offend the local people.
小题4: Kissing on the street or in public places is unacceptable behavior and should be avoided. If you are unsure of how to behave, watch the local people and copy them---if they don’t behave in a certain way, you probably shouldn’t either.
Finally, if you are traveling on business, or plan to stay with a host to family, and you wish to take a gift, do some research. 小题5: . One of the easiest ways to offend somebody is to give the wrong gift.
Wherever you go in the world, always be tolerant of the local customs. Avoid being critical; try instead to show respect for the values of the country you are in, even if you do not necessarily agree with them| A．Keep in mind that in many cultures, display affection in public is considered taboo. | | B．Consider the main lifestyle of the country you plan to visit. | | C．Never raise your voice in order to make yourself understood. | | D．If a topic is sensitive in your own culture, it will more than likely be the same in other cultures. |
E．The idea of the perfect gift varies greatly from country to country.
F．The opening of gifts is also treated very differently around the world.
G．Therefore, it is important to adapt your behavior not to offend the local people. |
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