Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families. They sp
题型：不详难度：来源：
Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families. They spent their childhood in little wooden rooms. They got little education . Washington and Lincoln, for example, never went to school and they taught themselves. Lincoln once did jobs of a worker, shopkeeper and post officer in his early years.
A large number of U. S. presidents had experiences in the army. The two best known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Grant was a general (将军) in the American Civil War and Eisenhower was a hero in the Second World War. It happened that they graduated from the same school—West Point Military Academy . One may be surprised to learn that both of them did not do well in the school. Eisenhower, for example, was once fined (罚款) because he broke the rules of the school.
The jobs of U. S. presidents are tiring. He must keep an eye on anything important which happens both at home and abroad. Every day, a lot of work waits for him to do, and he has to make many important decisions. When Franklin Roosevelt was a child, he was once brought to visit President Taft. The old president said to him, “When you grow up, you should not be president. It’s a tiring job.”
小题1:In the nineteenth century, many U.S. presidents .| A．did not have much knowledge in their work | | B．had been workers, shop-keepers and post officers in their early years | | C．couldn’t receive good education before they grew up | | D．didn’t want to go to school during their childhood |
小题2:President Eisenhower became well-known .| A．while studying in West Point Military Academy. | | B．during the American Civil War | | C．after he was elected President of the U. S. | | D．during World War II |
小题3:In this passage, “keep an eye on” means “ ”.| A．pay close attention to | B．not pay attention to | | C．look at something with one eye | D．never keep in mind |
小题4:Which of the following do you think is right according to the last paragraph?| A．In the U. S. no one wanted to be president because it was tiring. | | B．None of the presidents except Taft could do the tiring job. | | C．It is an important and tiring job to be a president in the U. S. | | D．President Taft didn’t want Roosevelt to be a president because he was too young. |
小题5:Which do you think is the main idea of the second paragraph?| A．Many of the U. S. presidents had served in the army before they took office. | | B．Only those who didn’t work hard at school but were good at fighting could be presidents. | | C．Grant and Eisenhower became well-known because they both graduated from West Point Military Academy. | | D．Eisenhower was President at the beginning of the Second World War. |
|
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:A |
解析
试题分析：本文介绍了美国很多总统的共同之处，如接受的教育不多，很多人都有在军队的经历，以及说明美国总统的工作是一个很累人的工作。
小题1:C 细节题。根据第一段2,3行They got little education . Washington and Lincoln, for example, never went to school and they taught themselves.说明这些总统小时候都没有受到很好的教育，故C正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据第二段2,3行Grant was a general (将军) in the American Civil War and Eisenhower was a hero in the Second World War.说明Eisenhower是在二战中出名的，故D正确。
小题3:A 推理题。根据本句The jobs of U. S. presidents are tiring. He must keep an eye on anything important which happens both at home and abroad.说明美国的总统要时刻关注国内外所发生的的所有重大事情，故A正确。
小题4:C 段落大意题。根据本段的中心句第一句The jobs of U. S. presidents are tiring.说明美国总统是一个很让人疲惫的工作，不值得去做。故C正确。
小题5:A 段落大意题。根据第二段的中心句第一句A large number of U. S. presidents had experiences in the army.说明很多美国的总统都有军队的经历，故A项正确。
点评：本文介绍了美国很多总统的共同之处。文章基本上是考查细节题，对此类题型考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。 |
举一反三
India is a developing country. It has thousands of years of tradition and culture. Different types of people live in India. In the old days the educational institutions (教育机构) were called "ashramam" and teachers were "gurus". A guru was a respected person in society.
Now we are living in the technological world. Big changes are occurring in people’s living. The influence of television, telephone, radio, computer, Internet and mobile phones is very strong in everyday life. But even today, teachers are role models for students. Teaching is still a respectable job. But there are great changes in the education system.
One of the most obvious changes is that the influence of Western culture has increased. We are paying too much attention to doing business, just like the Western world. Teachers are likely to be influenced by this too, but it is not good. Teachers are nation builders. The development of any country depends upon its education system. All types of development are possible through education.
Another change has happened in the curriculum. The curriculum connects the teacher and the student. While education is about learning, curriculum means the situations in which one learns. When we say that education deals with "what", then curriculum deals with "how" and "when". But at the moment, it is hard to say whether the curriculum is playing such a role.
小题1:In India, an ashramam was _________.
A．a teacher who was respected by people
| B．a person who worked for the government
| C．a place where students were taught
| D．a place where tradition and culture developed |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT a reason to change people’s lives in India?
| A．TV. | B．Computer. | C．Mobile phones. | D．Tradition. |
小题3:In modern society, teaching is considered as a job that __________.
| A．is respected | B．brings good luck
| C．is hopeless | D．connects with the fashion |
小题4:What is the author’s attitude towards educational change in India?
| A．He likes it. | B．He is annoyed at it.
| C．He is indifferent (冷漠的)to it. | D．He is worried about it. |
|
Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants(居民) of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become angry and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination(目的地) country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance health and happiness of local inhabitants.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, first-class roads, and other support facilities(设施) needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourist hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers(阴沟) to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
小题1:Which of the following has most probably been discussed in the paragraph that goes before the passage?| A．It is not important to develop tourism. | | B．Building roads and hotels is important. | | C．Support facilities are highly necessary. | | D．Planning is of great importance to tourism. |
小题2:Too much tourism can cause all these problems except _____.| A．a bad effect on other industries | | B．a change of the customs of the country | | C．air and water pollution | | D．pressure on traffic |
小题3:Not enough tourism can lead to _____.| A．the fact that some people may be out of work | | B．an increase in tourist attractions | | C．the higher cost of support facilities | | D．a rise in price and a fall in pay |
小题4:The word “handle” in the last paragraph most probably means _____.| A．carry away | B．pick up | C．get in | D．take down |
|
Most people want to know how things are made. They honestly admit, however, that they hardly know a thing when it comes to understanding how a piece of music is made. Where a composer begins, how he manages to keep going – in fact, how and when he learns his trade – all are covered in complete darkness. The composer, in short, is a man of mystery .
One of the first things the common man wants to know about is the part inspiration plays in a composer’s work. He finds it difficult to believe that composers are not much interested in that question. Writing music is as natural for the composer as eating or sleeping for all. Music is something that the composer happens to have been born for.
The composer, therefore, does not say to himself: “Do I feel inspired?” He says to himself: “Do I feel like working today?” And if he feels like working, he does. It is more or less like saying to himself: “Do I feel sleepy?” If you feel sleepy, you go to sleep. If you don’t feel sleepy, you stay up. If the composer doesn’t feel like working, he doesn’t work. It’s as simple as that.
小题1:What would be the best title for the text?| A．Composer: a man of mystery | | B．Practice makes good music | | C．Relation between sleeping and music | | D．Music: product of nature |
小题2:Most people seem to think that a composer ____.| A．finds it difficult to write music | | B．considers it important to have a good rest | | C．should like to talk about inspiration | | D．never asks himself very simple questions |
小题3:The author will most probably agree that composers ____.| A．are born with a gift for music | | B．are people full of mystery | | C．work late at night for their music | | D．know a lot about eating and sleeping |
|
The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France，then adopted by historians of culture，by art historians，and eventually by music historians，all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450－1600.The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human—as opposed to spiritual values. Fulfillment in life—as opposed to concern about an afterlife—became a desirable goal，and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned(皱眉头) on. Artists and writers now turned to secular(不朽的)as well as religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.
These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed，experienced，discussed，and circulated. They could see the architectural monuments，sculptures(雕塑)，plays，and poems that were being rediscovered，but they could not actually hear ancient music—although they could read the writings of classical philosophers，poets，essayists，and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example，the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors，painters，architects，and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.
The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore，music changed so rapidly during this century and a half—though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?| A．The musical compositions that best illustrate the developments during the European Renaissance. | | B．The musical techniques that were in use during the European Renaissance. | | C．The European Renaissance as a cultural development that included changes in musical style. | | D．The ancient Greek and Roman musical practices used during the European Renaissance. |
小题2:The underlined word “now” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.| A．1855 | | B．the period of the Renaissance | | C．the time of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome | | D．the time at which the author wrote the passage |
小题3:It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of ________.| A．spirituality in everyday life | | B．communication among artists across Europe | | C．a cultural emphasis on human values | | D．religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes |
小题4:What can be inferred about the music of ancient Greece and Rome?| A．Its effect on listeners was described in a number of classical texts. | | B．It was played on instruments that are familiar to modern audiences. | | C．It expressed more different ideals than classical sculpture，painting and poetry. | | D．It had the same effect on Renaissance audiences as it had when originally performed. |
小题5:According to the passage，why was Bernardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?| A．It did not contain enough religious themes. | | B．It had little emotional impact on audiences. | | C．It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians. | | D．It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time. |
|
Removing the sleeve(封套), you will find a book that is entirely white, except for the names of its author and subject in elegant black type on the cover. It is the perfect design for the biography of a man who insisted that even the insides of his products be perfectly constructed, and that his factory wails flash in the whitest white.
The cover was the only part of the book Steve Jobs wanted to control, writes Isaacson in his introduction. Though Mr. Jobs pushed the biographer of Albert Einstein and Benjamin Franklin to write in his own way, generously allowing the writer more than 40 interviews, this book offers quite a different view of Mr. Jobs, who won much praise from his fans after his death on October 5th at the age of 56.
As a biographer of Albert Einstein and Benjamin Franklin, Mr. Isaacson knows how to celebrate long-dead genius, but he claimed that "Steve Jobs" would not be entirely praiseful words. The picture he paints, particularly in the first half of this book, is not nice. Mr. Jobs emerges as a controlling and often cold-blooded character. A child of the 1960s counter-culture (反主流文化), he hated, materialism and lived in simply furnished houses ( in part because he was too particular about furniture). But when Apple went public in 1980, he refused to give any share to Daniel Kottke, a Iongtime supporter and soul mate from college. "He has to abandon the people he is close to," observes Andy Hertzfeld, an early Apple engineer.
Mr. Jobs was undoubtedly possessing an extraordinary ability to attract others and inspire a kind of faith that could not be questioned. But also he could be cold and cruel. If he disapproved of an employee"s work, he often shamed him. "This is who I am," he once said after being challenged,"and you can"t expect me to be someone I"m not. " This disgusting personality wasn"t always helpful,but it served a purpose, writes Mr. Isaacson, many would "end their chain of horror stories by saying that he got them to do things they never dreamed possible. "
Mr. Isaacson treats "Steve Jobs" as the biography of record, which means that it is a strange book to read so soon after its subject"s death.
小题1:The biography for Jobs is believed to have the perfect design because __| A．it follows Jobs" style | | B．its cover is entirely white | | C．black and white are his favorite . | | D．it is designed by a famous biographer |
小题2:The picture of Jobs that Isaacson paints in his book is __
①cruel ②humorous ③particular ④generous小题3:It can be safely concluded that | A．Jobs is highly spoken of in the book | | B．Isaacson doesn"t think Jobs a good man | | C．Jobs didn"t care about the design of the book | | D．all descriptions of Jobs are not nice in the book |
小题4:This passage can be classified as | A．a personal diary | B．a book review | C．a news report | D．a TV interview |
|
最新试题
热门考点