India is a developing country. It has thousands of years of tradition and cultur
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India is a developing country. It has thousands of years of tradition and culture. Different types of people live in India. In the old days the educational institutions (教育机构) were called "ashramam" and teachers were "gurus". A guru was a respected person in society.
Now we are living in the technological world. Big changes are occurring in people’s living. The influence of television, telephone, radio, computer, Internet and mobile phones is very strong in everyday life. But even today, teachers are role models for students. Teaching is still a respectable job. But there are great changes in the education system.
One of the most obvious changes is that the influence of Western culture has increased. We are paying too much attention to doing business, just like the Western world. Teachers are likely to be influenced by this too, but it is not good. Teachers are nation builders. The development of any country depends upon its education system. All types of development are possible through education.
Another change has happened in the curriculum. The curriculum connects the teacher and the student. While education is about learning, curriculum means the situations in which one learns. When we say that education deals with "what", then curriculum deals with "how" and "when". But at the moment, it is hard to say whether the curriculum is playing such a role.
小题1:In India, an ashramam was _________.
A．a teacher who was respected by people
| B．a person who worked for the government
| C．a place where students were taught
| D．a place where tradition and culture developed |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT a reason to change people’s lives in India?
| A．TV. | B．Computer. | C．Mobile phones. | D．Tradition. |
小题3:In modern society, teaching is considered as a job that __________.
| A．is respected | B．brings good luck
| C．is hopeless | D．connects with the fashion |
小题4:What is the author’s attitude towards educational change in India?
| A．He likes it. | B．He is annoyed at it.
| C．He is indifferent (冷漠的)to it. | D．He is worried about it. |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：本文讲述了在印度的教育方面所产生的巨大变化，表达了作者对于这种变化的担心。
小题1:C 细节题。根据第一段2,3行In the old days the educational institutions (教育机构) were called "ashramam"说明"ashramam"是教育机构，是进行教学的场所。故C正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据第二段2,3行The influence of television, telephone, radio, computer, Internet and mobile phones is very strong in everyday life.说明ＡＢＣ三项都是影响印度教育的因素，D项没有提及。
小题3:A 细节题。根据第二段3,4行But even today, teachers are role models for students. Teaching is still a respectable job.说明在印度教师仍然得到人们的尊重。故A正确。
小题4:D 推理题。根据文章最后一段But at the moment, it is hard to say whether the curriculum is playing such a role. 说明作者对于教育方面的这些变化很担心，故D正确。
考点：
点评：本文讲述了在印度的教育方面所产生的巨大变化。本文细节题居多，答题时在文章找到对应的地方，用笔进行标记，这有利于后期有时间检查时可以立刻找到答案的位置。仔细理解作者所讲的意思，再结合选项，通过排除法和自己对全文的把握，选出正确答案。 |
举一反三
Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants(居民) of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become angry and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination(目的地) country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance health and happiness of local inhabitants.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, first-class roads, and other support facilities(设施) needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourist hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers(阴沟) to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
小题1:Which of the following has most probably been discussed in the paragraph that goes before the passage?| A．It is not important to develop tourism. | | B．Building roads and hotels is important. | | C．Support facilities are highly necessary. | | D．Planning is of great importance to tourism. |
小题2:Too much tourism can cause all these problems except _____.| A．a bad effect on other industries | | B．a change of the customs of the country | | C．air and water pollution | | D．pressure on traffic |
小题3:Not enough tourism can lead to _____.| A．the fact that some people may be out of work | | B．an increase in tourist attractions | | C．the higher cost of support facilities | | D．a rise in price and a fall in pay |
小题4:The word “handle” in the last paragraph most probably means _____.| A．carry away | B．pick up | C．get in | D．take down |
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Most people want to know how things are made. They honestly admit, however, that they hardly know a thing when it comes to understanding how a piece of music is made. Where a composer begins, how he manages to keep going – in fact, how and when he learns his trade – all are covered in complete darkness. The composer, in short, is a man of mystery .
One of the first things the common man wants to know about is the part inspiration plays in a composer’s work. He finds it difficult to believe that composers are not much interested in that question. Writing music is as natural for the composer as eating or sleeping for all. Music is something that the composer happens to have been born for.
The composer, therefore, does not say to himself: “Do I feel inspired?” He says to himself: “Do I feel like working today?” And if he feels like working, he does. It is more or less like saying to himself: “Do I feel sleepy?” If you feel sleepy, you go to sleep. If you don’t feel sleepy, you stay up. If the composer doesn’t feel like working, he doesn’t work. It’s as simple as that.
小题1:What would be the best title for the text?| A．Composer: a man of mystery | | B．Practice makes good music | | C．Relation between sleeping and music | | D．Music: product of nature |
小题2:Most people seem to think that a composer ____.| A．finds it difficult to write music | | B．considers it important to have a good rest | | C．should like to talk about inspiration | | D．never asks himself very simple questions |
小题3:The author will most probably agree that composers ____.| A．are born with a gift for music | | B．are people full of mystery | | C．work late at night for their music | | D．know a lot about eating and sleeping |
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The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France，then adopted by historians of culture，by art historians，and eventually by music historians，all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450－1600.The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human—as opposed to spiritual values. Fulfillment in life—as opposed to concern about an afterlife—became a desirable goal，and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned(皱眉头) on. Artists and writers now turned to secular(不朽的)as well as religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.
These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed，experienced，discussed，and circulated. They could see the architectural monuments，sculptures(雕塑)，plays，and poems that were being rediscovered，but they could not actually hear ancient music—although they could read the writings of classical philosophers，poets，essayists，and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example，the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors，painters，architects，and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.
The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore，music changed so rapidly during this century and a half—though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?| A．The musical compositions that best illustrate the developments during the European Renaissance. | | B．The musical techniques that were in use during the European Renaissance. | | C．The European Renaissance as a cultural development that included changes in musical style. | | D．The ancient Greek and Roman musical practices used during the European Renaissance. |
小题2:The underlined word “now” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.| A．1855 | | B．the period of the Renaissance | | C．the time of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome | | D．the time at which the author wrote the passage |
小题3:It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of ________.| A．spirituality in everyday life | | B．communication among artists across Europe | | C．a cultural emphasis on human values | | D．religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes |
小题4:What can be inferred about the music of ancient Greece and Rome?| A．Its effect on listeners was described in a number of classical texts. | | B．It was played on instruments that are familiar to modern audiences. | | C．It expressed more different ideals than classical sculpture，painting and poetry. | | D．It had the same effect on Renaissance audiences as it had when originally performed. |
小题5:According to the passage，why was Bernardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?| A．It did not contain enough religious themes. | | B．It had little emotional impact on audiences. | | C．It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians. | | D．It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time. |
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Removing the sleeve(封套), you will find a book that is entirely white, except for the names of its author and subject in elegant black type on the cover. It is the perfect design for the biography of a man who insisted that even the insides of his products be perfectly constructed, and that his factory wails flash in the whitest white.
The cover was the only part of the book Steve Jobs wanted to control, writes Isaacson in his introduction. Though Mr. Jobs pushed the biographer of Albert Einstein and Benjamin Franklin to write in his own way, generously allowing the writer more than 40 interviews, this book offers quite a different view of Mr. Jobs, who won much praise from his fans after his death on October 5th at the age of 56.
As a biographer of Albert Einstein and Benjamin Franklin, Mr. Isaacson knows how to celebrate long-dead genius, but he claimed that "Steve Jobs" would not be entirely praiseful words. The picture he paints, particularly in the first half of this book, is not nice. Mr. Jobs emerges as a controlling and often cold-blooded character. A child of the 1960s counter-culture (反主流文化), he hated, materialism and lived in simply furnished houses ( in part because he was too particular about furniture). But when Apple went public in 1980, he refused to give any share to Daniel Kottke, a Iongtime supporter and soul mate from college. "He has to abandon the people he is close to," observes Andy Hertzfeld, an early Apple engineer.
Mr. Jobs was undoubtedly possessing an extraordinary ability to attract others and inspire a kind of faith that could not be questioned. But also he could be cold and cruel. If he disapproved of an employee"s work, he often shamed him. "This is who I am," he once said after being challenged,"and you can"t expect me to be someone I"m not. " This disgusting personality wasn"t always helpful,but it served a purpose, writes Mr. Isaacson, many would "end their chain of horror stories by saying that he got them to do things they never dreamed possible. "
Mr. Isaacson treats "Steve Jobs" as the biography of record, which means that it is a strange book to read so soon after its subject"s death.
小题1:The biography for Jobs is believed to have the perfect design because __| A．it follows Jobs" style | | B．its cover is entirely white | | C．black and white are his favorite . | | D．it is designed by a famous biographer |
小题2:The picture of Jobs that Isaacson paints in his book is __
①cruel ②humorous ③particular ④generous小题3:It can be safely concluded that | A．Jobs is highly spoken of in the book | | B．Isaacson doesn"t think Jobs a good man | | C．Jobs didn"t care about the design of the book | | D．all descriptions of Jobs are not nice in the book |
小题4:This passage can be classified as | A．a personal diary | B．a book review | C．a news report | D．a TV interview |
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Need to relax after a few stressful months? Perhaps you need to go to a spa.
First of all, what exactly is a spa? Traditionally, spas were places with a natural spring producing warm waters that could be used in hydrotherapy (水疗法) treatments. They were places where you “took the waters” --- meaning you drank some of the water or bathed in it.
But nowadays, a “spa” can mean a variety of things. In general, the term is often used to refer to commercial establishment that provides many services for health, fitness, weight loss, beauty and relaxation. This may include exercise classes, mud baths, body treatment, facials (美容), etc.
In Japan, traditional hot springs have attracted visitors for centuries. And thermal baths (温泉浴) have been found in the ruins of the Cretan Palace of Knossos (2000-1400 B.C.). It was the Romans who made spas popular in Europe. They established a number of towns around thermal waters. These include the English town of Aquae Sulis (which is called Bath today), and the Belgian town of Aquae Spadanae (which is known as Spa these days).
In the 18th century, spas became the fashionable places to go on holiday. Bath and Harrogate in the UK were popular with British rich people. And in Europe Carsbad (now called Larlovy Vary), Marienbad and Franzensbsf were Europe’s most important holiday centers.
A typical day in Carsbad in the 19th century went as follows. Visitors got up at 6:00 a.m. to take the waters and listen to music by a band. Next, came a light breakfast, a bath in the waters, and then lunch. In the afternoon, visitors went sightseeing, walked or attended concerts. After dinner, there were theatrical performances. Guests returned to their hotels at about 9 p.m. to rest until six the following morning. Visitors would stay for as long as a month. Some of the more famous patients at these spas included the composers Beethoven and Chopin, and the Russian writer Turgnev.
Marienbad was the best spa town. It was popular with the inventor Thomas Edison, the writer Johann Goethe, and many famous people and European emperors.
Today, although taking the waters isn’t as common as it used to be, spa treatments are more popular than ever.
小题1:What can we learn about a spa?| A．It makes profits mainly on facials. | | B．It is a center for rich people to relax. | | C．It provides more services than before. | | D．It is where one can get medical treatment. |
小题2: From Paragraph 4, we can infer that ___________.| A．spas have a history of about 200 years | | B．Japan has more spas than any other countries | | C．the Romans played a positive part in the popularity of spas | | D．ordinary people could enjoy thermal baths in 18th-century UK |
小题3: At the spas in Carlsbad, ____________.| A．many visitors had facials | | B．guests often stayed for at least a month | | C．Thomas Edison was a regular guest | | D．guests had a bath between breakfast and lunch |
小题4: What can we learn from the passage?| A．The former name of Larlovy Vary was Carlsbad. | | B．Spa treatments are not so popular as before. | | C．Chopin visited Marienbad frequently. | | D．Marienbad is located in the UK. |
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