Brazil is a federation that consists of twenty-six states and one federal distri
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Brazil is a federation that consists of twenty-six states and one federal district. The biggest majority of Brazil’s population belongs to the Christian religion and almost all of them are Catholics. This is something Brazil inherited(继承) being Portugal’s colony(殖民地).
Historically, the country was a colony claimed by people from Portugal and this made Portuguese the official language. The Portuguese reached Brazil in 1500 and until that moment it was inhabited by semi-nomadic(半游牧的) people. The Portuguese changed Brazil into a country of slaves until 1800, when Maria I of Portugal came to live in Brazil. The Queen did not stay long in Brazil, but during the 20 years of royal presence a lot of changes occurred: commercial ports to United Kingdom were opened; Brazil stopped being isolated(孤立) from other countries. So at the moment of getting the independence on the 7th of September, 1822, Brazil already had the potential to develop. The Brazilian Empire, Pedro I, abolished slavery in 1888 in the face of Princess Isabel. A lot of European people started coming to Brazil and the industry of the country started working. In the 19th and the 20th century as it has been said above foreign people immigrated(移民) to Brazil and basically 5 million European and Japanese people became the residents of Brazil. The beginning of the 20th century was especially marked by the immigration of a lot of Asian people: Japanese, Korean and Chinese immigrants. As a matter of fact Japanese people do not immigrate a lot, and the fact that the Brazilian-Japanese people are the largest Japanese minority in the world does astonish greatly.
The majority of the cultural inherits of Brazil are actually Portuguese, due to the fact that Brazil was Portugal’s colony for a very long time. The southern states mainly consist of European population and the north and the northeast consist of a mixed population including Africans, Amerindians and Europeans. Most of this population is Roman Catholic. No other country in the world has the same amount of Catholics. The modern tendency of Brazil is the growing number of people calling themselves Protestants. Around 7.4% of the population don’t believe any god. Some Brazilians, especially in the northern states are mixed Africans who prefer following the traditional African religions. Only 1.8% of the population chose Buddhism, Islam or Judaism.
Though Brazil always tried to maintain democracy, it was failed several times by the dictatorship（独裁） of Getulo Vargas. This fact could not affect the political situation in the country.
小题1:Brazil was ruled by Portuguese about ______.| A．22 years | B．300 years | C．322 years | D．328 years |
小题2:Who might block the development of Brazil?| A．Maria I | B．Pedro I | C．immigrants | D．Getulo Vargas |
小题3:The writer mainly tells us the ______ of Brazil in the passage.| A．religion | B．history | C．culture | D．political situation |
小题4:Which of the following statements is NOT true? | A．Brazil was isolated from other countries when Maria I stayed there. | | B．The industry of the country started working in 1888. | | C．Brazil has the largest population of Catholics in the world. | | D．Some people in Brazil don’t believe any god. |
小题5:It can be inferred that Brazil is a country with ________.| A．western culture | B．modern culture | | C．traditional culture | D．mixed culture |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:A
小题5:D |
解析
本文讲述了巴西的发展历程，从奴隶制，被葡萄牙所统治，再到独立，以及以后的发展，以及巴西的人口，文化等。文章主要讲述的是巴西的历史。
小题1:C 细节计算题。根据第2段The Portuguese reached Brazil in 1500以及So at the moment of getting the independence on the 7th of September, 1822,可知葡萄牙人统治了巴西大约322年。
小题2:D 细节题。根据文章最后一段Though Brazil always tried to maintain democracy, it was failed several times by the dictatorship（独裁） of Getulo Vargas.可知Getulo Vargas 影响了巴西的发展，D正确。
小题3:B 总结归纳题，本文讲述了巴西的发展历程，从奴隶制，被葡萄牙所统治，再到独立，以及以后的发展，以及巴西的人口，文化等。文章主要讲述的是巴西的历史，故B正确。
小题4:A 细节题。根据第二段during the 20 years of royal presence a lot of changes occurred: commercial ports to United Kingdom were opened; Brazil stopped being isolated(孤立) from other countries.可知在Maria统治期间巴西不再孤立，而是与其他国家有了很强的联系。故A错误。
小题5:D 推理题。根据2,3段可知在巴西有很多欧洲，亚洲的移民，所以它是一个多元文化的国家。 |
举一反三
American Watersports Tuesday-Saturday
Located on the beach of the Sea Gardens Beach Resort, there are fun things to
rent for the whole family. They offer rentals for kayaks, jet skis, and even parasail!
Enjoy the water up-close or from a bird’s eye view! No matter what activity you’re
enjoying, be sure to protect yourself and your family from the sun’s powerful rays and apply plenty of sun block!
15th Street Boat Company Monday-Saturday
15th Street Boat Company offers rental boats of all kinds. They’re sure to have what you are looking for, whether it’s a small boat for a quick and simple outing or an extravagant boat with comfortable seats with a stereo and high tech navigation. You can rent a boat for half a day or a couple of days, or even weeks at a time. If you want it, they’ve got it. It’s fun for everyone!
Coconut’s Watersports 9am-5pm Monday-Sunday
Coconut’s Watersports is open 7 days a week and offers tons of water fun for the whole family. Jet Ski activities last 30 minutes or 1 hour and can make stops along the way. You must be at least 14 years of age to ride alone and can be as young as 3 to ride along with an adult. Everybody is required to wear a life jacket and a license is required to operate the Jet Ski. Bathing suits and shorts are recommended.
Jet Ski Tours of Miami 10am-7pm Thursday-Sunday
Jet Ski Tours of Miami includes onsite parking, indoor restrooms, lockers, and life jackets for participants. You may choose a one or two tour and each Jet Ski can hold up to 3 people. You must be at least 18 years old in order to ride. As long as you are accompanied by an adult, there is no age limitation for any passenger. There is a restaurant nearby to eat at. The tour visits 6 different islands and passes by Bayside and Hard Rock. You may even catch sight of dolphins, turtles or a crab resting in these splendid Florida waters.
小题1:You should especially protect yourself from sun burnt while visiting______.| A．Jet Ski Tours of Miami | | B．Coconut’s Watersports | | C．15th Street Boat Company | | D．American Watersports |
小题2:Which of the following can help you enjoy sailing a boat?| A．Go to the Sea Gardens Beach Resort. | | B．Visit 15th Street Boat Company. | | C．Choose Jet Ski Tours of Miami. | | D．Visit Coconut’s Watersports. |
小题3:What’s a must to ride alone in the Jet Ski activities?| A．One must be at least 14 years old. | | B．One must wear bathing suits and shorts. | | C．One must apply plenty of sun block. | | D．One must be accompanied by parents. |
小题4:What will you do to satisfy your son’s curiosity about sea animals?| A．You would like to rent a boat to ride with him. | | B．You need a boat with comfortable seats with a stereo. | | C．You’d like to choose American Watersports. | | D．You prefer the tour to Bayside and Hard Rock. |
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Students who want to study in the United States may find that their chances for financial aid are limited. They often have to pay for their education with their own savings or their family"s money.
A recent report from the Institute of International Education in New York looked at 2008-2009 school year.
Colleges and universities in the United States had more than half a million foreign students. 63% of them paid for school mostly by themselves or with family help. 26% percent were supported by the school they attended.
There are other sources of financial aid for international students. These include a student"s home government or university, or the United States government. Private sponsors, international organizations and employers may also provide support. Yet during the last school year, not many students were able to depend on any of these other sources. Current employers provided the most help. Still, they represented the main support for just four percent of international students.
Those at the graduate level, however, are more likely than undergraduates to receive financial aid in the United States. More than 80% percent of foreign undergraduates depended mostly on personal and family money to pay for school last year. The same was true of less than half of graduate students. Most of the others received financial aid from their college or university in the United States.
A list of American schools that offer financial aid to foreign students can be found at a useful Web site. The address is edupass.org. This site also provides information about scholarship programs. But it warns foreign students not to pay if there is any charge for scholarship application forms. You could be cheated out of your money.
小题1:Most foreign students depend on _______ to pay for their education.| A．the home universities | B．personal or family money | | C．the American schools | D．international organization |
小题2:How many sources of financial aid are mentioned in the text?小题3:Which of the following statements is true according to the text?| A．Foreign students have no chance to get money from American schools. | | B．Most foreign graduate students depend on their own savings. | | C．Edupass.org offers financial aid and scholarship information. | | D．Usually the present employers provide the most financial help. |
小题4:The text mainly talks about ________.| A．financial aid for foreign students in US | | B．the hard life for foreign students in US | | C．the variety of educational choices in US | | D．the disadvantages of studying in US. |
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In the United States, when one became rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what ‘keeping up with the Joneses’ is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbours.
The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $ 125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighbourhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbours.
It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.
Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbours. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it ‘Keeping up with the Joneses’ because ‘Jones’ is a very common name in the United States.’ “Keeping up with the Joneses”came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.
People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are ‘Jonses’ in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.
小题1:Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they ______.| A．want to be as rich as their neighbours | | B．want others to know or to think that they are rich | | C．don’t want others to know they are rich | | D．want to be happy |
小题2:It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to ________.| A．live outside New York City | B．live in New York City | | C．live in apartments | D．have many neighbours |
小题3:The underlined word “neighbourhood” in the second paragraph means ________.| A．a person who lives near another | B．people living in an area | | C．an area near the place referred to | D．an area in another town or city |
小题4:Arthur Momand used the name ‘Jones’ in his series of short stories because’ Jones’ is ________.| A．an important name | B．a popular name in the United States | | C．his neighbour’s name | D．not a good name |
小题5:According to the writer, keeping up with the Joneses is ________.| A．correct | B．interesting | C．impossible | D．good |
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Dr. Julie Coulton, a British psychologist, focuses her research on the extraordinary function of the play in the physical and spiritual development of children and Martti Bergson from the University of Helsinki shows that playing outside, in the open air, contributes to a better development of the brain.
Thus parents must encourage their children to spend as much time as possible in the open air, and at the same time, to ask schools and kindergartens to assure the small a playground outside. Recent statistics (数据) and studies show an alarming increase of the number of hours spent by children in front of the TV and the computer and a decrease of the time spent outside.
As a consequence more and more children suffer from eye problems and have to wear glasses. Also the problem of fatness among children concerns many parents who don"t know what to do anymore to make their children eat healthy and balanced.
Children need a space where to develop their creativity mid parents should encourage them all the time. Too many rules hold back the child"s personality and creativity and prevent them to develop the desire to know, to find out, to learn.
If you tell your child so many times: "Don"t do that, don"t mess the room, don"t go there ...", he will lose the desire to do something, anything. Parents must watch their children without suffocating (窒息) them. Should you consider they mustn"t do that or this, you have to logically explain them your reasons and they will understand.
Through playing a child learns how to communicate, how to take decisions. Playing is connected to the intellectual, emotional and social progress of the child. Playing lets your children learn how to express his feelings.
小题1:What is worrying the scientists is that ______.| A．most parents pay no attention to their children"s playing | | B．most schools and kindergartens have no playgrounds | | C．most parents encourage their children to watch TV or go surfing | | D．most children spend more time on TV or tile Internet than on playing outside |
小题2:Children who watch TV or surf the Internet too much may suffer all the following EXCEPT .| A．eye problems | B．weight problems | | C．lack of creativity | D．lack of interest in their lessons |
小题3:The author advises us ______.| A．to allow children to do whatever we want them to do | | B．never to forbid children to do anything they want to do | | C．to explain why when you don"t let children do something | | D．to watch children playing anytime to ensure their safety |
小题4:Which would be a best title for this passage?| A．How to develop the brain of your children better | | B．Playing is good for your children in many aspects | | C．Teaching your children what and how to play | | D．Don"t forbid your children to do anything |
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In today’s world, English is the most wildly used language. It is our duty to learn English in the new situation of the reform and opening (改革开放) to the outside world. How can we master the English language ? I’d like to give you some good advice.
First, get interested in it. I enjoy listening to foreign friends talking when I was a child. At the same time I watched the English programme Follow Me on TV. From then on, I kept on learning English. The more I learned, the more progress I made.
Second, practice makes perfect. Many people study English very hard, but they are very shy to speak it in public, for they are afraid of making mistakes. Remember you have to make a mistake before you can correct it. A native English speaker makes mistakes sometimes, too.
Third, the beginners should be encouraged to pay attention to idioms. The English language has many idioms. For example, you should say “ He is as strong as a cow.”
小题1:The writer wants to tell us ____________. | A．the importance of learning English | | B．the new situation of the reform and opening to the outside world | | C．some good ideas on how to master English | | D．the wide use of the English language |
小题2:If we want to learn English, we must first __________. | A．show interest in it | B．enjoy listening to it | | C．watch English programmes on TV | D．practice speaking it |
小题3:When we are learning English, ____________.| A．remember the mistakes and correct them | B．try not to make any mistakes | | C．avoid mistakes before making them | D．don’t be afraid of making mistakes |
小题4:The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 means “_______________.” | A．Remember to make a mistake before you can correct it | | B．You are sure to make a mistake before you can correct it | | C．Remember you have to make a mistake and then correct it | | D．You’ll make a mistake after you can correct it |
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