Since the early 1990s, the Internet has greatly changed the way people communica
题型：不详难度：来源：
Eleanor Johnson, an English professor at Columbia University in New York, says, “Ｉthink text messaging has made students believe that it is far more acceptable than it actually is to just make spelling and grammatical mistakes.” She says her students over the past several years have increasingly used less formal English in their writing. She says words and phrases like “you know” now appearing research papers. And she now has to talk about another problem in class---incorrect word use.
Professor Johnson doubts a strong connection between the rise of communication online and an increase in writing mistakes. But she admits there may not be much scientific proof, at least not yet.
David Crystal, a British language expert, says the actively changing nature of the Internet makes it difficult to stay unchanged in studying its effects. But he
believes its effect on language is small. He says, “The main effect of the Internet on language has been to increase the expressive richness of language, providing the language with a new set of communicative content that didn’t exist in the past.” Erin Jansen, founder of an online dictionary of Internet and text messaging terms, says his new technology has not changed existing language but has greatly added to the vocabulary. “Basically it is a freedom of expression,” she says, “If it is helping them write more or communicate more, that is great. That is what teachers and educators want---to get students communicating.”But Erin Jansen and David Crystal agree with Eleanor Jonson
on at least one thing. Teachers need to make sure students understand the uses and rules of language.小题1: According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?
| A．David Crystal thinks the Internet makes the language expression richer. |
| B．David Crystal believes the Internet’s effects on language use are clear |
| C．Eleanor Johnson thinks writing mistakes has much to do with the Internet |
| D．Eleanor Johnson thinks all the Internet effects on language use are good |
| A．share her idea of the great effects of using the Internet |
| B．tell people a way to correct students’ writing mistakes |
| C．serve as an example of teachers’ blaming the Internet |
| D．warn people against the dangers of using the Internet |
| A．The possibilities of avoiding the use of less formal words |
| B．The causes of the Internet’s great effects on language |
| C．The necessity of helping students reduce writing mistakes |
| D．The importance of students’ knowing how to use language |
| A．Students’ Learning and the Internet: Good or Bad? |
| B．Students’ Writing and the Internet: Good or Bad? |
| C．Students’ Papers and the Internet: Good or Bad? |
| D．Students’ Mistakes and the Internet: Good or Bad? |
答案
小题1:. A
小题1:.C
小题1:.D
小题1:.B
解析
举一反三
650,000 people live in the city. More than one million people live in the area. Like many other American cities, Memphis has had racial problems. About forty-eight percent of the city’s population is African American. In 1968, city workers who collected waste went on strike. Most of the workers were black. The famous civil rights leader Martin Luther King Junior went to Memphis to support the workers. On April 4th, King was murdered in Memphis by James Earl Ray. After Mr. King’s death, the city worked to improve living conditions for black people. In 1991, voters elected W.E.Herenton the city’s first black mayor. The same ye
ar, Memphis opened the National Civil Rights Museum. It was built next to the place where Martin Luther King was killed. Many people visit the museum to learn about the history of the American civil rights movement. Today, people from across the United States and around the world visit Memphis,where tourism has become a major industry.小题1:.
There are about African Americans living in Memphis.
| A．312,000 | B．480,000 | C．650,000 | D．1,000,000 |
Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?
| A．Martin Luther King was killed in the city of Memphis by James Earl Ray in 1968. |
| B．W.E.Herenton was elected the first black mayor of Memphis in 1991. |
| C．Memphis opened the National Civil Rights Museum in 1991. |
| D．Martin Luther King was elected mayor of Memphis. |
The title for the passage should be .
| A．How to fight against slavery | B．National Civil Rights Museum |
| C．Memphis | D．A black mayor |
Much pop music is without artistic value, but the work of some pop singers e.g. the Beatles, Bob Dylan, the group like Pink Floyd and Crosby, Still and Nash, is on a higher musical level. And there is still great interest in it today. Pop music concerts and festivals are held all over the world.
小题1: In this passage the underlined word "originated" means _______.
| A．got around | B．began | C．invented | D．reached |
sit is today.
| A．much greater than | B．as small as | C．as greater as | D．much smaller than |
| A．blues | B．rock’n’ roll | C．jazz | D．folk rock |
|
A．Not all the pop music is without artistic value. | B．Much pop music is on a high musical level. |
| C．Pop music is high artistic. | |
| D．No pop music is on a high musical level. |
October is usually the busiest month in the college calendar．Universities have something called Freshers’ Week for their newcomers．It’s a great opportunity to make new friends，join lots of clubs and settle into university life．
However，having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind，you can feel nervous when meeting lots of strangers in big halls. Where do you start? Who should you make friends with? Which clubs should you join?
Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you worrying about starting their university social life on the right foot．So just take it all in slowly．Don’t rush into anything that you’ll regret for the next three years.
Here are some to
p tips from past students on how to survive Freshers’ week:·Learn rules．Make sure you know British social etiquette (礼节)．Have a few wine glasses and snacks handy for
your housemates and friends.·Be kind．Sometimes cups of tea or even pieces of French fries can give you a good start in making friends.
·Be sociable．The more active you are, the more 1ikely you’ll meet new people than if you’re someone who is shy and never leaves his room.
·Bring a doorstop. Keep your door open when you’re in and that sends positive messages to your neighbors that you’re friendly.
So with a bit of clever planning and motivation，Freshers’ Week can give you a great start to your university life and soon you’ll be passing on your experience to the next year’s recruits.
小题1:. . Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?
| A．October is generally the busiest month for universities |
| B．It’s a good idea to put a doorstop in your suitcase |
| C．A bit of planning can make Freshers’ Week easier |
| D．The first week of your every year at university is called Freshers’ Week |
| A．courses | B．freshers |
| C．neighbors | D．challenges |
| A．the newcomers usually miss the days at home |
| B．most of the students in the UK spend three years in universities |
| C．many freshers are worried about how to fit university 1ife |
| D．all the new students will make new friends and join certain clubs |
| A．To pass the busy university life |
| B．To help make friends with other freshers |
| C．To show yourself drinker as others |
| D．To pass the time in a happy way |
| A．tell the newcomers how to make a new start in universities |
B．introduce something about higher education system of the UK |
| C．discuss something about the Freshers’ Week in the UK |
| D．advise the freshmen how to behave well in the beginning |
Up to 200 families in Didcot now receive the gas via the national gas power system. Head of energy and technology at British Gas，Martin Orrill，said customers wouldn’t notice any difference as the gas is purified to the highest standard and has no smell．The gas is produced at a sewage(污物) treatment works in Didcot．
The entire process takes only less than three weeks, with the sewage being collected and sent first to settlement tanks．The solid waste material is then fed into digesters, where anaerobic bacteria(厌氧菌)digest the sewage，with the aid of enzymes(酶)to speed up the process．The digestion process produces methane，which can be burned to drive machines(甲烷)to prod
uce electricity，or can be purified and fed into the gas network and piped to homes and businesses. British Gas says supplying the gas rather than electricity is far more efficient since around two-thirds of the energy is lost in producing electricity.Partners in the Didcot project，British Gas，Scotia Gas Network，and Thames Water，all hope to expand the process to other towns，and other companies such as Ecotricity and United Utilities have also announced biomethane projects being planned．One of these projects in Manchester could be supplying 500 homes with biometh
ane by mid next year. Another British Gas project in Suffolk will provide gas from digestion of brewery(啤酒厂)waste to around 235 families．The Didcot project cost￡25 million and was influenced by promises of government aids aimed at encouraging companies to develop renewable technologies．An EU directive means the UK must ensure at least 15 percent of its energy is from renewable sources by 2020．
The UK produces about 1.73 million tons of sewage annually．If all sewage treatment works in the UK were fitted with the technology，they could supply gas for up to 350, 000 families.
小题1:. Which of the following is TRUE of the biomethane gas?
| A．it’s mainly made from rotting plants | B．It’s an environmentally friendly gas |
| C．Its production process is too long | D．It’s easily recognized by customers |
| A．To digest the solid waste material | B．To help get rid of anaerobic bacteria |
| C．To help purify the biomethane． | D．To speed up the digestion process． |
| A．as the power for vehicles | B．for heating and cooking |
| C．to produce electricity | D．to drive a variety of machines |
| A．the UK government supports the biomethane projects |
| B．the biomethane projects are very costly |
| C．the biomethane projects still face many barriers |
D．the biomethane project s are promising |
| A．Computer science | B．Engineering | C．Energy | D．Business |
The new tests will be computer-based and will measure higher-order skills ignored by the multiple-choice exams used in all states，including students’ ability to read complex texts, synthesize(合成)information and do research projects．
Because the new tests will be computerized and will be administered several times throughout the school year, they can provide faster feedback(反馈)to teachers．If these plans work out, It’ll turn the current testing system upside down．
One group，led by Florida，will be made up of 25 states and the District of Columbia．The group was awarded $170 million．The other group, whose membership over-laps the first，has31 states and is led by Washington．The group was given $160 million．Twelve of the 44 states are
participating in both groups but are expected eventually to choose one set of tests．
The two groups are supposed to work in a friendly competition，though their plans are very similar．Both groups will produce tests that rely heavily on technology and both groups’ tests will include so-called performance-based tasks，designed to mirror complex，real-world situations．
In performance-based tasks，students are given a problem－they could be told, for example, to suppose they are a mayor who needs to reduce a city’s pollution—and must write about how they would solve the problem．
The new tests could be useful to teachers by giving them information on what their students are le
arning, but it might also require some mid-course adjustments.Over the past decade, the federal No Child Left Behind law has emphasized helping low-achieving students improve their basic reading and math by encouraging states to produce tests that measure relatively low-1evel skills. Although the Bush-era law is still on the books, two
years of Obama administration policy have been leading schools in new directions．
小题1:. . What is the main idea of this passage?
| A．Obama’s education policy takes the lead. |
| B．A computer-based testing system is adopted. |
| C．American education system has been changed. |
| D．Experts are reinventing the student testing system. |
| A．Because they are not computer-based. |
| B．Because they can’t test students’ higher-order skills. |
| C．Because they can’t provide proper feedback for teachers. |
| D．Because they can’t test students’ general reading ability. |
| A．the two groups have some shared members |
| B．the other group is more demanding than the first |
| C．the groups have different tasks of their own |
| D．the other group does better than the first group in the task |
| A．are related to real-world problems |
| B．have to be performed in an imaginary world |
| C．teach us theories through complex problems |
| D．can only be completed by relying heavily on technology |
| A．the No child Left Behind policy is not helpful |
| B．the Obama administration’s policy is highly praised |
| C．the two policies both emphasize math and reading abilities |
| D．the two policies both emphasize the development of practical skills |
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