CBy far the most common difficulty in studying is simple failure to get down to
题型：不详难度：来源：
By far the most common difficulty in studying is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated wo
rk. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine of study. Many students muddle (胡乱对付) along, doing a bit of this subject or that, as the mood takes them, or letting their set work pile up until the last possible moment.Few students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did work out a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to change it frequently, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.
No doubt some students are more willing to accept a regular routine than others. There are many who shy away from a self-controlled weekly timetable, and dislike being tied down to a fixed program of work. Many able students state that they work in cycles. When they become interested in a topic, they work on it attentively for three or four days at a time. On other days they avoid work completely. It has to be admitted that we do not fully understand the motivation (动机)to work.. Most people over 25 years of age have become used to routine, and the majority of real productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important areas of their work. The “tough-minded” school doesn’t fully accept the idea that good work can only be done naturally, under the influence of inspiration.
Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of “freedom”. In fact, freedom from control and discipline（纪律）leads to unhappiness rather than to “self-expression” or “personality development”. Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctuality (准时), and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society, we have to meet its demands.
小题1:The most widespread problem in applying oneself to study is ______.
| A．changing from one subject to another |
| B．the failure to keep to a set timetable of work |
| C．the unwillingness to follow a systematic plan |
| D．working on a subject only when one feels like it |
| A．Many students are not interested in using self-controlled timetable. |
| B．Many students don’t like being told to study to a fixed timetable. |
| C．Most people of over 25 years of age don’t work to a set timetable. |
| D．Tough-minded people agree that good job is done naturally |
| A．when they have the energy |
| B．when they are in the mood |
| C．when they feel fit |
| D．when they find conditions are suitable |
| A．Attitudes to Study | B．A study Plan |
| C．The Difficulties in Studying | D．Study and Self-discipline |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:B
小题1:D
解析
举一反三
This brief book is aimed at high school students , but speaks to anyone learning at any stage of life.
Its formal ,serious style closely matches its content ,a school-masterly book on schooling .The author , W .H . Armstrong ,starts with the basics : reading and writing . In his opinion , reading doesn’t just mean recognizing each word on the page ; it means taking in the information, digesting it and incorporating it into oneself just as one digests a sandwich and makes it a part of himself .The goal is to bring the information back to life , not just to treat it as dead facts on paper from dead trees . Reading and writing cannot be completely separated from each other ; in fact ,the aim of reading is to express the information you have got from the text .I’ve seen it again and again ：someone who can’t express an idea after reading a text is just as ineffective as someone who hasn’t read it at all.
Only a third of the book remains after that discussion, which Armstrong devotes to specific tips for studying languages, math, science and history. He generally handles these topics thoroughly and equally, except for some weakness in the science and math sections and a bit too much passion regarding history. Well, he was a history teacher---if conveyed only a tenth of his passion to his students, that was a hundred times more than my history teachers ever got across .To my disappointment, in this part of the book he ignores the arts. As a matter of fact, they demand all the concentration and study that math and science do, though the study differs slightly in kind. Although it’s commonly believed that the arts can only be naturally acquired ,actually ,learning the arts is no mor
e natural than learning French or mathematics.My other comment is that the text aged. The first edition apparently dates to the 1960s—none of the references(参考文献)seem newer than the late 1950s. As a result, the discussion misses the entire computer age.
These are small points, though, and don’t
affect the main discussion. I recommend it to any student and any teacher, including the self-taught student.小题1:According to Armstrong, the goal of reading is to________.
| A．gain knowledge and expand one’s view |
| B．understand the meaning between the lines |
| C．express ideas based on what one has read |
| D．get information and keep it alive in memory |
| A．requires great efforts |
| B．demands real passion |
| C．is less natural than learning math |
| D．is as natural as learning a language |
| A．Some ideas are slightly contradictory. |
| B．There is too much discussion on studying science. |
| C．The style is too serious. |
| D．It lacks new information. |
| A．an advertisement |
| B．a book review |
| C．a feature story |
| D．A news report |
Once upon a time in a land far away, there was a wonderful old man who loved everything：animals, spiders, insects...
One day while walking through the woods the nice old man found a cocoon（茧）of a butterfly. He took it home. A few days later, a small opening appeared; he sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no farther. Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon.
The butterfly then emerged（露出）easily.
But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would contract（收缩） in time. Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings.
It never was able to fly.
What the man in his kindness and haste did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature"s way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles, it would cripple us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been.
And we could never fly.
小题1:In the story, what happened to the cocoon of the butterfly after the man’s help?
| A．The cocoon was broken and the butterfly died. |
| B．The man helped the butterfly out of the cocoon more easily |
| C．The butterfly couldn’t fly for ever normally. |
| D．The butterfly should spend more time practicing flying. |
| A．It would have died in the cocoon. |
| B．It would have become a true butterfly. |
C．It would have been strong enough to go fa rther. |
| D．It would have stopped struggling through the cocoon. |
| A．disable | B．climb | C．enable | D．beat |
| A．Man can never go against nature. |
| B．It’s necessary to live with some difficulties. |
| C．One cannot help others without thinking twice. |
| D．Mankind should take good care of insects. |
In the north of Scotland there is a lake called Loch Ness. It is the biggest 36 in Britain. It is over thirty kilometers 37 and in some places nearly 300 meters deep . It is cold and dark and not many people went there until after 1930. Then a road was made 38 the lake.
Holiday makers began to use the road, and this was when the 39 began. Someone said that he had seen a monster(怪兽) in the lake. He said it was twelve meters long. It had a long 40 and a small head. Then someone else said he had seen 41 . Others said the same thing and in 1933 a London doctor took a 42 . It 43 like a monster with a long neck and a thick body but the photo was not too 44 . The newspapers printed the picture and 45 it the Loch Ness monster, or "Nessie".
Then the argument(争论) began. 46 people, however, were certain there was something living in the lake. Others said there was 47 there.
In 1961, a lot of people joined together to make a real 48 to see and photograph the monster to find 49 there was one! Several times people thought they saw something but after ten years there was 50 no real proof (证据).
Later underwater television cameras were used, but 51 found any real proof. However, they 52 find something interesting: a huge underwater cave. It was big enough to be 53 of a monster, but of course, this was not a proof.
In 1975, however, some American scientists 54 a search group. They used an underwater camera. It took pictures every seventy seconds. Some of the pictures seemed to show a red-brown creature. Its body was about four meters long 55 had a very ugly head on the end of a four -meter neck. Many people then began to believe in the monster. But even today we can"t be certain.
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ge are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years. A drunken driver is usually referred to as one with 0.10-blood alcohol content or roughly three beer glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American manly image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken killing has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially concerning young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20 years old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests in many areas already, to a marked decline in accidents, some states are also punishing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A bar in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obvi
ously drunk” and later drove off the road, killing a 9-year-old boy. As the accidents continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forgot that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption（腐败) and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.
小题1:What can be inferred from the fact of the traffic accidents in New Jersey?
| A．many drivers were not of legal age. |
| B．young drivers were often bad drivers. |
| C．Drivers should not be allowed to drink. |
| D．the legal drinking age should be raised. |
ns “_________”. | A．serious | B．cruel | C．merciful | D．determined |
| A．judges are giving more severe sentences |
| B．new laws are introduced in some states |
| C．the news media have highlighted the problem |
| D．drivers are more conscious of their image |
| A．Because alcohol is easily obtained. |
| B．Because drinking is linked to organized crime. |
| C．Because legal prohibition has already failed. |
| D．Because making laws alone is not sufficient. |
The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the UK is part of an international research program. The team there believes that by 2020 all cars will be computerized, which will mean extremely large fuel savings, no accidents and better use of roads. The super-intelligent car of the 21st century will drive itself and it will not be owned by on individual. Instead, we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.
According to Dr. David Davis, who leads the research team, these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture ,which had blocked up our cities, polluted our air and caused more deaths than both world wars put together.
Davis says cars will be fitted with intelligent cruise control devices to regulate the distance between one car and another. Brakes and accelerators (加速器) will become redundant（多余的） because the car will automatically speed up or slow down to match the speed of the car in front. Computers are much safer drivers than people, so cars in a road train will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people.
By 2010 Dr. David Davis believes car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road whatever the weather conditions by projecting an image of the road ahead onto the car’s windscreen. And by 2020 cars will travel in convoy linked to each other electronically. Cars will be connected by an electronic tow(牵引) bar to the car in front to form “road-trains”. “The front vehicle in such a train burns the ordinary fuel” says Davis. “But all the
others in the train would burn about ten percent of the normal amount and so produce about ten percent of the pollution.小题1:We know from the passage that governments and car manufactures ________.
| A．don’t believe the prediction that no one will own cars by 2020. |
| B．are devoted to the technological innovation (创新) in car industry. |
| C．consider the predictions made by the researchers seriously. |
D．have put the super-intelligent car into mass production. |
| A．There will be no brake and accelerator in cars. |
| B．We will own as many cars as we want . |
| C．All cars will be driven by computers. |
| D．Car accident will no longer happen. |
| A．in line | B．sidelong | C．side by side | D．next to one another |
| A．Motorists will get a clear view of the road. |
| B．The weather conditions won’t have effect on motorists. |
| C．There will be a decrease in the pollution caused by car . |
| D．All trains will burn less fuel than present. |
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