China is known as a country of etiquette (礼节) and ceremonies. Here is an interes
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China is known as a country of etiquette (礼节) and ceremonies. Here is an interesting story that shows this. Once upon a time, a man 36 on a long trip to visit his friend and took a swan as a gift. But the swan 37 from its cage on the way and when he tried to 38 it, he got hold of nothing but a 39 . Instead of returning home, he continued his 40 taking the swan feather with him. When his friend received this 41 gift, he was deeply moved. And the 42 ‘The gift is nothing much, but it’s the thought that counts.’ was 43 far and wide.
Chinese used to 44 one hand in the other in front of the chest as a salute. This 45 has a history of more than 2,000 years but nowadays it is 46 used except on the Spring Festival. And shaking hands is more popular and 47 on formal occasions. Bowing was often used by people in a 48 position such as subordinates(下属), students, and attendants. 49 at present Chinese youngsters tend to simply nod as a greeting.
It is common social practice to 50 the junior to the senior, or the familiar to the unfamiliar. When you start a talk 51 a stranger, topics such as weather, food, or 52 are a good choice to break the ice. With a 53 , a chat about current affairs, sports, the stock market or his job usually goes 54 . Similar to Western customs, you should be 55 in asking a woman private questions. However, talking about her job or family life will never put you into danger.
| 小题2: | | A．ran | B．kept | C．escaped | D．avoided |
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| 小题3: | | A．catch | B．chase | C．follow | D．trace |
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| 小题4: | | A．cage | B．feather | C．swan | D．man |
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| 小题5: | | A．visit | B．adventure | C．journey | D．expedition |
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| 小题6: | | A．unexpected | B．good | C．sudden | D．accidental |
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| 小题7: | | A．warning | B．sentence | C．word | D．saying |
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| 小题8: | | A．expanded | B．spread | C．extended | D．increased |
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| 小题10: | | A．culture | B．hobby | C．habit | D．tradition |
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| 小题11: | | A．often | B．seldom | C．always | D．usually |
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| 小题12: | | A．appropriate | B．satisfactory | C．important | D．practical |
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| 小题13: | | A．upper | B．old | C．lower | D．young |
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| 小题14: | | A．And | B．But | C．Then | D．Moreover |
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| 小题15: | | A．introduce | B．devote | C．lead | D．leave |
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| 小题17: | | A．marriage | B．hobbies | C．income | D．ages |
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| 小题18: | | A．boy | B．girl | C．humans | D．man |
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| 小题19: | | A．smoothly | B．suddenly | C．unfortunately | D．expectedly |
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| 小题20: | | A．quick | B．wise | C．cautious | D．free |
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答案
| 小题1:D小题1:C小题1:A小题1:B小题1:C 小题1:A小题1:D小题1:B小题1:C小题1:D 小题1:B小题1:A小题1:C小题1:B小题1:A小题1:D小题1:B小题1:D小题1:A小题1:C |
解析
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举一反三
Stepfamilies are commonplace in the United States and their number continues to grow. While stepfamilies differ widely in their make-up， they all consist of a parenting couple and children， one or more of whom is of a previous union. Such combinations of his kids， her kids， and then， possibly， kids of the new union make for complicated and often trying difficulties， more challenging than those of traditional families.
Since stepfamilies involve more people and， consequently， more potential problems from the start than do childless new marriage， it is wise for the couple to do some careful planning prior to (＝before) marriage. Not only do the prospective(预期的) marital partners need agreement about their own carriers， life goals， finance and special interests， they must also prepare for new relationship with their children and attempt to accommodate their individual needs and feelings. Furthermore， there are often the rights of other relatives to consider.
As for any family， the basic ingredient(成分) of a successful stepfamily are affection， kindness and mutual(相互的) respect. However， love alone is not enough. Certainly love is the cornerstone upon which the foundation of any family is built， but there are also many other important ingredients involved in building a successful stepfamily.
Surveys reveal that successful families regard the ability to communicate openly as the most important factor in their success. Communication is what keeps families on track and functioning as a unit. Although healthy communication is easier for some people than for others， this skill can be learned and improved. Healthy communication involves speaking clearly and listening carefully.
By their very nature， stepfamilies often are complicated by past events that give rise to ambivalent(矛盾的) loyalties， lingering(持久的) hurts， fears， feelings of guilt and unrealistic dreams. The difficulties that arise within the stepfamilies are human and understandable. However， there are ways to confront(面临) and resolve them. For example， support groups and professional counselors(法律顾问) are available in most communities to provide help and guidance when communications stopped and problems seem overwhelming(压倒性的).
Planning and building a stepfamily is not a responsibility to take lightly. It can be a very trying and， at times， seemingly impossible effort. Many potential troubles can arise and threaten to destroy the stepfamily. Nevertheless， meeting and mastering these special challenges can bring unexpected satisfactions and rewarding depths of family closeness and affection.
小题1:According to the passage， there are in the United States.| A．no stepfamilies | | B．more stepfamilies than ever before | | C．fewer stepfamilies than ever before | | D．fewer stepfamilies than traditional ones |
小题2:Which of the following can help avoid the potential problems arising in a stepfamily？| A．The pursuit of the same careers. | | B．Professional interventions(干涉). | | C．The development of special interests. | | D．Careful planning before the marriage. |
小题3: Many people believe that contributes most to the building of a successful stepfamily.| A．everlasting loyalties | | B．open communication | | C．kindness and mutual respect | | D．persistent(持久稳固的) affection |
小题4: It is natural for a stepfamily to be .| A．unrealistic | | B．complicated | | C．ambivalent | | D．guilty |
小题5:According to the author， planning and building a stepfamily is .| A．impossible | | B．satisfying and rewarding | | C．discouraging and frustrating | | D．a difficult and trying experience |
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You"re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let"s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn"t it appealing to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More and more people are turning to cheat like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university.
Registrars（登记员） at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them "cheats"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid outright(彻底的) lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that"s when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don"t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a false diploma.
One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University". The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.
小题1:The main idea of this passage is that ______.| A．employers are checking more closely on applicants now | | B．lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem | | C．college degrees can now be purchased easily | | D．employers are no longer interested in college degrees |
小题2:According to the passage, "special cases" refers to cases that ______.| A．students attend a school only part-time | | B．students never attended a school they listed on their application | | C．students purchase false degrees from commercial firms | | D．students attended a famous school |
小题3:We can infer from the passage that _______.| A．performance is a better judge of ability than a college degree | | B．experience is the best teacher | | C．past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do | | D．a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition |
小题4:This passage implies that ______.| A．buying a false degree is not moral | | B．personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools | | C．most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school | | D．society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications |
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Shakespeare"s life can be divided into three periods: the first 20 years in Stratford, which includes his schooling，early marriage, and fatherhood；the next 25 years as an actor and playwright (剧作家) in London; and the last five in retirement back in Stratford where he enjoyed the wealth gained from his theatrical (戏剧的) successes. The years linking the first two periods are marked by a lack of information about Shakespeare, and are often referred to as the “dark years”.
Shakespeare probably left school at 15, and took some sorts of jobs, especially since this was the period of his father’s financial difficulty. A great number of references in his plays suggest that William may have in fact worked for his father, thus gaining specialized knowledge.
At some point during the “dark years”, Shakespeare began his career with a London theatrical company — perhaps in 1589 — for he was already an actor and playwright in 1592. Shakespeare apparently wrote and acted for Pembroke’s Men, as well as a lot of others, in particular Strange’s Men, which later became the Chamberlain’s Men.
When, in 1592, the theaters were closed for about two years, due to a terrible disease. Shakespeare turned to writing book-length poetry. Most notable were Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece, both of which have been translated into many languages and even been included in students’ textbooks. During this same period, Shakespeare was writing his sonnets (十四行诗), which are more likely signs of the time’s fashion rather than actual love poems detailing any particular relationship. He returned to play writing when theater reopened in 1594, and published no more poetry. His sonnets were published without his permission in 1609, shortly before his retirement. His final play was Henry VIII, two years before his death in 1616.
小题1:Why did Shakespeare take some sorts of jobs at the age of 15 and didn’t go on studying?| A．Because his family was badly off at that time. | | B．Because he liked his job more than studying. | | C．Because he wanted to be an actor in London. | | D．Because he wanted to open his own company. |
小题2:Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word “notable” in the last paragraph?| A．long | B．fashionable | C．famous | D．educational |
小题3:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?| A．Shakespeare didn’t write any plays between 1592 and 1594. | | B．Shakespeare’s sonnets were written between 1592 and 1594. | | C．After writing Henry VIII, Shakespeare wrote nothing. | | D．Shakespeare published his sonnets in 1609. |
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The Red Cross is an international organization which cares for people who are in need of help. A man in a Paris hospital who needs blood, a woman in Mexico who was injured in an earthquake, and a family in India that lost their home in a storm may all be aided by the Red Cross.
The Red Cross exists in almost every country around the world. The world Red Cross organizations are sometimes called the Red Crescent, the Red Mogen Daid, the Sun, and the Red Lion. All of these agencies share a common goal of trying to help people in need.
The idea of forming an organization to help the sick and wounded during a war started with Jean Henri Dunant. In 1859, he observed how people were suffering on a battlefield in Italy. He wanted to help all the wounded people regardless of which side they were fighting for. The most important result of his work was an international treaty called the Geneva Convention(日内瓦协定). It protects prisoners of war, the sick and wounded, and other citizens during a war.
The American Red Cross was set up by Clara Barton in 1881. Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of services for the public, such as helping people in need, teaching first aid and providing blood.
小题1:A good title for this passage is .| A．People in Need of Help | B．Safety and Protection | | C．The International Red Cross | D．Forming an Organization to Help People |
小题2:The word “aided ” in the first paragraph means .| A．needed | B．helped | C．caught | D．protected |
小题3:The author really tries to make the reader see that this organization .| A．costs very little money | B．works in many nations | | C．teaches first aid if necessary | D．is called the Sun |
小题4:We may draw a conclusion (下结论)that during a war.| A．the Red Cross only protects the wounded | | B．the Red Cross only helps prisoners of war | | C．the Red Cross only helps citizens | | D．the Red Cross helps all the people in need no matter which side they are fighting for |
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A town in Oxfordshire has become the first in the UK to have biomethane（生物甲烷）gas from human waste piped to their homes for gas central heating and cooking.
Up to 200 families in Didcot now receive the gas via the national gas power system. Head of energy and technology at British Gas, Martin Orrill, said customers wouldn’t notice any difference as the gas is purified（提炼）to the highest standard and has no smell. The gas is produced at a sewage（污物）treatment works plant in Didcot.
The entire process takes only less than three weeks, with the sewage being collected and sent first to settlement tanks. The solid waste material is then fed into digesters, where anaerobic bacteria（厌氧菌）digest the sewage, with the aid of enzymes（酶）to speed up the process. The digestion process produces methane, which can be burned to drive machines to produce electricity, or can be purified and fed into the gas network and piped to homes and businesses. British Gas says supplying the gas rather than electricity is far more efficient since around two-thirds of the energy is lost in producing electricity.
Partners in the Didcot project, British Gas, Scotia Gas Networks, and Thames Water, all hope to expand the process to other towns, and other companies such as Ecotricity and United Utilities have also announced biomethane projects being planned. One of these projects, in Manchester, could be supplying 500 homes with biomethane by mid next year. Another British Gas project in Suffolk will provide gas from digestion of brewery wastes to around 235 families.
The Didcot project cost ￡2.5m and was influenced by promises of government aids aimed at encouraging companies to develop renewable technologies. An EU directive means the UK must ensure at least 15 percent of its energy is from renewable sources by 2020.
The UK produces about 1.73 million tons of sewage annually. If all sewage treatment works in the UK were fitted with the technology, they could supply gas for up to 350,000 families.
小题1:Which of the following is true of the biomethane gas?| A．It’s mainly made from rotting plants. | | B．It’s an environmentally friendly gas. | | C．Its production process is too long. | | D．It’s easily recognized by the customers. |
小题2:What is the function of the enzymes?| A．To digest the solid waste material. | | B．To help get rid of anaerobic bacteria. | | C．To help purify the biomethane. | | D．To speed up the digestion process. |
小题3:According to British Gas, the biomethane gas had better be used _____.| A．as the power for the vehicles | | B．for the heating and cooking | | C．to produce the electricity | | D．to drive a variety of machines |
小题4:The last three paragraphs mainly show that _____.| A．UK government supports the biome thane projects | | B．the biome thane projects are very costly | | C．the biome thane projects still face many barriers | | D．the biome thane projects are promising |
小题5:What should the text belong to?| A．Computer science. | B．Engineering. | C．Energy. | D．Business. |
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