Scientists in Canada say big fish have almost disappeared from the world since t

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Scientists in Canada say big fish have almost disappeared from the world since the start of

industrial（产业的） fishing in the 1950s. The scientists found the numbers of some kinds of large fish have dropped by ninety percent in the past fifty years.
The study took ten years. The researchers gathered records from fishing businesses and governments around the world. The magazine Nature published the findings.
The scientists say the common method called long line fishing ravages the populations of large fish. This method involves many fishing lines connected to one boat. These wires can be nearly one hundred kilometers long. They hold thousands of sharp metal hooks to catch fish.
Long line fishing is especially common in the Japanese fishing industry. Records showed that Japanese boats used to catch about ten fish for every one hundred hooks. But long line fishing boats now might only catch one fish per hundred hooks.
The scientists say industrial fishing can destroy groups of fish much faster than in the past. The study suggests that whole populations can disappear almost completely from new fishing areas within ten to fifteen years.
Ransom Myers and Boris Worm of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia led the study with the University of Kiel in Germany. Worm says the destruction could lead to a complete reorganization of ocean life systems. Meyers says the decreased num

bers of large fish are not the only worry. He says even populations that are able to reproduce do not get the chance to live long enough to grow as big as their ancestors. He says not only are there fewer

big fish, but also they are smaller than those of the past.
It’s the end of this program ,Thank you for your listening.
小题1:What’s the best title for the passage?

A．Big fish are disappearing	B．Long—line fishing in Japan
C．The harm of industrial fishing	D．Stop killing big fish

小题2:Which of the following DOESN’T show that the populations of big fish are smaller than before?

A．Fish can disappear almost completely from new fishing areas.

B．Now long—line fishing boats might catch one fish per hundred hooks.

C．Fish now don’t have the chance to grow big enough.

D．Scientists spent ten years studying the populations of large fish.

小题3:What can we learn from the passage?

A．The number of big fish started to drop greatly about fifty years ago.

B．The study was started by Boris Worm of Dalhousie alone.

C．There will be no big fish left in fifty years .

D．Japaneses people have stopped catching big fish.

答案

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:A

解析

略

举一反三

The USA, New York—Whales and dolphins are facing increasing threats from climate change, according to a new report published by WWF and the Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society （WDCS）．
The report "Whales in hot water?" draws attention to the growing impacts of climate change on whales．They range from changes in sea temperature and the freshening of the seawater because of the melting of ice and increased rainfalls, to a sea level rise, loss of icy polar habitats and the decline of krill populations in key areas．Krill, a tiny shrimp that is dependent on sea ice, is the main source of food for many of the great whales．
The speeding up of climate change adds greatly to trouble from other human activities, such as chemical and noise pollution, which kills some 1000 whales every day．
"Whales and dolphins have an ability to adapt to their changing environment," said Mark Simmonds, International Director of Science at WDCS．"But the climate is now changing at such a fast pace that it is unclear to what extent whales and dolphins will be able to adjust．"
Climate change impacts are currently greatest in the Arctic and the Antarctic．According to the report, cetaceans that rely on polar, icy waters for their home and food resources are likely to be greatly affected by the reduction of sea ice cover．
WDCS and WWF are urging governments to cut global production of C02 by at least 50 percent by the middle of this century．The latest report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change showed it was possible to stop global warming if the world"s emissions start to decline before 2015．
小题1:Which of the following is the most important for whales and dolphins?

A．Rainfall

B．Krill

C．Sea ice cover

D．High sea level

小题2:From the passage, we can learn that whales mainly feed on _____．

A．dolphins

B．krill

C．sea horses

D．sharks

小题3:The underlined word "decline" in Paragraph 2 means _____．

A．increase

B．control

C．protection

D．fall

小题4:In what place is climate change greatest?

A．The Pacific Ocean	B．Asia．
C．Two polar areas．	D．Equator．

小题5:Which of the following is not right according to the passage?

A．Climate change will lead to the changes in sea temperature．

B．Climate change will result in the freshening of the sea water．

C．Climate change will have a bad effect on human activities and whales．

D．Human beings will forever have no ability to stop global warming．

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Shopping is not as simple as you may think! There are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand of product on the shelf． Colouring, for example, varies according to what the producers are trying to sell．Health foods are packaged （包装） in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colours．Ice cream packets are often blue and expensive goods, like chocolates, are gold or silver．
When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective．
Eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white package—blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm． The size of a product can attract a shopper．But quite often a bottle doesn’t contain as much as it appears to．
It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 per cent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging!
The most successful producers know that it’s not enough to have a good product．The founder of Pears soap, who for 25 years has used pretty little girls to promote （推销） their goods, came to the conclusion: “Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it．”
小题1:Which of the following may trick a shopper into buying a product according to the text?

A．The cost of its package．	B．The price of the product．
C．The colour of its package．	D．The brand name of the product．

小题2:The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off”（in Par A．3 ） means that the colours _____．
A．attracted the customers strongly B．had weak effects on the customers
C．tricked the customers into shopping D．caused the customers to lose interest
小题3:Which of the following is the key to the success in product sales?

A．The way to promote goods．	B．The discovery of a genius．
C．The team to produce a good product．	D．The brand name used by successful producers．

小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for this text?

A．Choice of Good Products	B．Disadvantages of Products
C．Effect of Packaging on Shopping	D．Brand Names and Shopping Tricks

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China has input several billion yuan of money to stop the dirty water waste on the upper and middle area of the Pearl River from polluting the lowe

r reaches of the river, especially the Macao Special Administrative Region．
The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the upper and middle reaches of the Pearl River has been rapidly urbanized（城市化）and industrialized in recent years, leading to a rise in the amount of urban rubbish to the damage of the land, rivers and atmosphere．
Refuse dumps and special plants in most cities treat rubbish to make it harmless, with 5,800 tons of wastes being burnt, buried or made into fertilizers on a daily basis．
He Suping, a woman engineer with the water resources department in Guangxi said, it is imperative for the autonomous region to treat sewage wastes to protect the area’s Karst terrain（喀斯特地形）and rain water which brings contact between groundwater and surface water, making groundwater more easily polluted．
The Xijiang River, a branch of the Pearl River which runs from Guangxi to neighboring Guangdong Province, provide

s fresh water for a n

umber of riverside cities such as Macao, Zhuhai, Zhongshan and Zhaoqing, so Guangxi must begin to treat rubbish quickly to protect the water sources, said Liu Chen, a senior engineer with the Ministry of Water Resources．
The government 2001—2006 plan to spend billions of yuan to turn wastes harmless has been mainly provided by national debt payments and overseas investment．So far wastes treatment projects have received a total of 400 million yuan（48 million US dollars）from national debts and 60 million yuan（7．22 million US doll

ars）from overseas loans（贷款）．
小题1:The main idea of the passage is __

A．A

large number of waterways have been polluted in China up to now．

B．Guangxi and Guangdong have taken the lead in making water clean．

C．China"s rivers are badly in need of improvement．

D．China is making efforts to reduce pollution of the rivers．

小题2:The main idea of the last paragraph is __

A．The government has no ability to afford the expenses of treating wastes．

B．The government has a long-term plan to treat wastes．

C．National debt payments and overseas investment are taking an important part in developing China"s economy．

D．A great deal of money is needed in dealing with wastes．

小题3:The basic reason why the amount of urban rubbish rises in Guangxi lies in _____．

A．the improvement of people’s living standard

B．people’s wasting too much

C．urbanization and industrialization

D．too many tourists’ coming

小题4:The word “imperative” here probably

means _______．

A．unnecessary

B．important

C．easy

D．unbelievable

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Many foreigners who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants(居民) English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. In fact, the British Isles contain a variety of peoples and only the people of England call themselves English. The others refer to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, as the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed(苦恼) at being classified as "English".
In Scotland the sound denoted by the letter "R" is generally a strong sound, and "R" is often pronounced in words in which it would be silent in southern English. In the Highlands and the Western Isles the ancient Scottish language, Gaelic, is still heard. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty(节约的) people, rather inventive(善于创造的) and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are often described as being more "fiery(暴躁的)" than the English. They are often of a race that is quite different from the English.
The Welsh have protected their language to a remarkable extent. The English generally look upon the Welsh as an emotional(易动感情的) people who are, however, somewhat difficult to get to know easily.
Ireland is divided into two parts. The six countries of Northern Ireland are still part of Great Britain, though, in normal circumstances(环境), they have their own Parliament. The Irish are known for their charm and vivacity(活泼), as well as for the beauty of the Irish girls. Irish, often calls Erse, is a form of Gaelic. It was in danger of dying out, but when the territory(地域) of the Republic became independent, Erse was received, and is now the official first language of the Republic, English being the second. The Irish are known for their charm and vivacity, as well as for the beauty of the Irish girls.
小题1:Why do many foreigners call the inhabitants English?

A．Because only English live on the British Isles.

B．Because only English plays a more important role than the others.

C．Because all the people are glad to be regarded as English.

D．Because they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England.

小题2:Today we still can hear Gaelic--the ancient Scottish language in __________.

A．both England and Scotland

B．both Wales and Ireland

C．both Highland and Western Isles

D．both Northern Ireland and England

小题3: According to the passage, which of the statements is TRUE?

A．“R” is often pronounced in words in which it would be silent in north English.

B．The Welsh, the Irish and the Scots are all the Celtic peoples of Britain.

C．The Celtic peoples are often of a race that is little different from the English.

D．The Welsh have not protected their language very carefully.

小题4:Irish is a form of ________, and is now the official ______ language of the Republic.

A．English; first

B．Gaelic; second

C．Gaelic; first

D．English; second

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A 26-year-old Montreal man appears to have succeeded in his quest to barter a single， red paper clip(夹子) all the way up to a house. It took almost a year and 14 trades， but Kyle MacDonald has been offered a two-storey farmhouse in Kipling， Sask.， for a paid role in a movie.
MacDonald began his quest last summer when he decided he wanted to live in a house. He didn’t have a job， so instead of posting a resumé， he looked at a red paper clip on his desk and decided to trade it on an Internet website. The response was immediate —a fish pen was offered for exchange. MacDonald then bartered the fish pen for a handmade doorknob from a potter in Seattle.
In Massachusetts， MacDonald traded the doorknob for a camp stove. He traded the stove to a U.S. soldier in California for a generator. Then he exchanged the generator for an “instant party kit” — an empty keg(小桶) and an illuminated Budweiser beer sign. MacDonald then traded the keg and sign for a snowmobile. He bartered all the way up to an afternoon with rock star Alice Cooper， a KISS snow globe and finally a paid role in a Corbin Bernsen movie.
“Now， I’m sure the first question on your mind is， ‘Why would Corbin Bernsen trade a role in a film for a snow globe？ A KISS snow globe，’ MacDonald said on his website.”Well， Corbin happens to be arguably one of the biggest snow globe collectors on the planet.
Now， the town of Kipling， Sask.， Canada， with a population of 1,100，has offered MacDonald a farmhouse in exchange for the role in the movie. The town is going to hold a competition for the movie role.
MacDonald said： “There’re people all over the world that are saying that they have paper clips clipped to the top of their computer， or on their desk or on their shirt， and it proves that anything is possible and I think to a certain degree it’s true.”
MacDonald， who has attracted international media attention in his quest， said the journey has turned out to be more exciting than the goal. “This is not the end. This may be the end of this part of the story， but this story will go on.”
小题1:The best title for this passage is “　　　　”.

A．A lucky paper clip	B．From poor to rich
C．A lucky young man	D．From paper clip to house

小题2:The underlined word in line 1 means 　　　　.

A．to get something for free	B．to sell something at a price
C．to sell goods on the Internet	D．to exchange goods for other goods

小题3:Which shows the correct order of the trades？

A．Paper clipsnow globesnowmobilehouse

B．Paper clipkeg of beerdoorknobsnowmobile

C．Paper clipcamp stovesnowmobilemovie role

D．Paper clipkeg of beercamp stovesnowmobile

小题4:Which statement about MacDonald’s trades is TRUE？

A．All of his trades were done in his country.

B．A film role was offered due to Bernsen’s hobby.

C．They took over a year and some of them were really unbelievable.

D．The house in Kipling has been offered to MacDonald to attract media.

小题5:What can we learn about MacDonald？

A．He wanted to gain fame through his quest.

B．His success largely depended on the Internet.

C．He never expected his aim could be achieved.

D．He intends to begin another quest on the Web.

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