第四节：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。AScience Daily ---

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第四节：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Science Daily -------- Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have discovered that subterranean（地下的）and above ground herbivorous（食草的）insects can communicate with each other by using plants as telephones. Subterranean insects issue chemical warning signals through the leaves of the plant. Thus, aboveground insects are warned that the plant is already “ occupied”.
In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly if they feed on plants that also have subterranean residents and vice versa（反之亦然）. It seems that a system has developed through natural selection, which helps the subterranean and aboveground insects to communicate with each other. This avoids unnecessary competition.
Through the “green telephone lines”, subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party, namely caterpillars（毛虫）. Parasitic wasps（寄生的黄蜂）lay their eggs inside aboveground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, The communication between subterranean and aboveground It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is.
This research was carried out at the Netherlands Institute for Ecology by Roxina Soler, Jeffrey Harvey, Martijn Bezemer, Wim van der Putten and Louise Vet. was funded by the Free Competition of NOW Earth and Life Sciences.
41. After finding a plant occupied by root-eating insects, aboveground insects will usually ________.
A. send out warning signals
B. choose to leave the plant
C. fight with the root-eating insects
D. compete with them for the same plant
42. Aboveground insects will develop more quickly if their food plants _______.
A. have more green leaves
B. get more water and sunlight
C. are often visited by parasitic wasps
D. are not occupied by root-eating insects
43. The underlined part “a third party” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.
A. caterpillars B. root-eating insects
C. parasitic wasps D. aboveground insects
44. What is the best title for the passage ?
A. Insects use plants as “telephones”
B. How do animals avoid competition
C. The living habit of different insects
D. Communication between different insects

答案

41--- 44 BDCA

解析

略

举一反三

B
Home schooling offers other unforeseen advantages as well. One of these might be more available time. Home schooling can be an effective way to teach. The time you have during the day can be used resourcefully, in this manner reducing the overall time that the student in fact spends at school.
Home schooling allows the parent to develop into the main adviser and foundation of guidance for a child. This connection could be the basis of a higher degree of trust between the child and the parent where the child is more apt to come to the parent for help and direction as an alternative of turning somewhere else.
Home schooling can be an instrument for a special case where a child may have been a target of extreme harassment（侵扰）at a standard public school. way to re-focus on learning and makes the child be able to receive the close parental leadership.
It is a proven fact that home schooled students do well when it comes to college preparation. In addition, it is a fact that home schooled students can do as well as their public schooled peers in college.
Home schooling is not for every person. Each parent should cautiously assess . There are many considerations to be made when choosing home schooling, but for many, home schooling has been a preference that has proven to be very beneficial to the student’s exceptional education.
45. The passage mainly talks about _______.
A. how to carry out home schooling
B. the advantages of home schooling
C. home schooling and standard public schooling
D. parents’ preference for home schooling
46. A student trapped in school harassment may

not _______.
A. focus his / her attention on learning
B. get along well with others
C. form a good habit of learning
D. form a tight connection with his / her teacher
47. The college and SAT assessments are referred in this passage to prove that _______.
A. the final results of home schooling are doubtful
B. public schooled students do better than home schooled students
C. home schooling is equal to or better than public schooling
D. home schooling may not be beneficial to every person
48. Which of the following may the writer agree with ?
A. Home schooling has more advantages than disadvantages
B. Parents should devote their time to home schooling
C. Home schooling is usually not as effective as expected
D. Many factors should be considered before choosing home schooling

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C
Every once in a while, it is necessary to take a step back in order to take a long, hard look at where we are in our lives. At this point, it is good to ask yourself a bunch of critical questions. Have you so far accomplished all of your goals in life ? If so, you have not accomplished your goals in life, then perhaps you have made the mistake of setting too many goals or trying to accomplish them at an unnaturally fast pace.
It is necessary to set reasonable, intelligent goals in order to succeed in life. Do not be unrealistic because life is not a fairy tale. But you should try to recognize what you want,when attempting to visualize（形象化） or otherwise express what your goals in life are.
In order for a goal to sufficiently motivate you, it needs to be a major one. The bigger your goals are, then the more motivated you will need to be to work towards accomplishing them. If you want, you are a beginner, then no doubt mastering those tough songs is a very intelligent and realistic goal to set. But if that is your only goal as a pianist achieved. This is why it is necessary to constantly stop and re-evaluate our goals so that we are aware of what they are, and thus stay motivated.
49. From the passage, if your goals have all been achieved, you should then ______.
A. ask yourself some serious questions    B. take a hard look at your success
C. set some other intelligent goals        D. stretch yourself to relax
50. By saying “life is not a fairy tale”, the author suggests that you should ________ .
A. set as big a goal as possible             B. try hard to realize your dream
C. make your goals practical         D. abandon all your ambitions
51. To perform several Beethoven pieces well is a goal that _______.
A. is not suitable for the pianist         B. is appropriate for a beginner
C. stops you from growing as a pianist D. is very easy to achieve
52. What is the best title for the passage ?
A. Set Intelligent Goals for Yourself     B. Try to Accomplish Your Goals
C. Get Yourself More Motivated      D. Goals Help You to Succeed

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SECTION B
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
There are between 3000 and 6000 public languages in the world, and we must add approximately 6 __36___ private languages since each one of us necessarily has one. __37___ these facts, the possibilities for breakdowns in communication seem infinite in number. However, we do __38___ successfully from time to time. And we do learn to speak languages.                               But learning to speak languages seems to be a very __39___ process. For a long time, people thought that we learned a language only by imitation and association. __40___, a baby touches a hot pot and starts to cry. The mother says, “Hot, hot!” And the baby, when it stops crying, __41___ the mother and says, “Hot, hot!” However, Noam Chomsky, a famous expert in language, __42___ that although children do learn some __43___ by imitation and association, they also combine words to make meaningful sentences in ways that are unique, unlearned and creative.
Because young children can make sentences they have never heard before, Chomsky suggested that human infants are born with the __44___ to learn language. Chomsky meant that underneath all the differences between public and private languages, there is a universal language mechanism that makes it __45___ for us, as infants, to learn any language in the world. This __46___ explains the potential that human infants have for learning language. But it does not really explain how children __47___ use language in particular ways.
36. A. million             B. trillion            C. thousand                D. billion
37. A. Supposing          B. Given             C. Considering           D. Taken
38. A. speak              B. tell               C. learn                     D. communicate
39. A. various            B. mysterious           C. famous                    D. obvious
40. A. For example       B. Such as           C. Like this                D. That is
41. A. understands      B. imitates          C. loves                     D. attaches
42. A. pointed at       B. pointed to         C. pointed out              D. point off
43. A. words            B. sentences               C. paragraphs             D.passages
44. A. right               B. ability            C. power                   D. force
45. A. certain                  B. impossible           C. possible                 D. successful
46. A. imagination               B. fiction            C. invention                      D. theory
47. A. come to           B. become to     C. go to                    D. used to

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C
Information has always been at the center of human communication. You may ask why. Well, communication between people contains giving and receiving information. The way we give and receive information today has experienced a revolution in the development of the mass media in the 20th century.
The first truly mass communication medium was the newspaper. For the first time in history, people could read about events in their country and from around the world every day. However, there were two problems with newspapers of that time. Firstly, newspapers were available only in large cities, for getting newspapers to the countryside was a difficult and time-consuming（耗时的） task. Secondly, newspapers weren’t always reliable, as there was a limited range of opinions.
Nowadays, we can choose from a wide variety of sources to get information. Television and the Internet have given us the chance to be informed about everything the minute it happens. Large numbers of radio and TV stations, satellite channels and millions of websites help people keep up with the latest news. People live in history and are part of it.
The media have come a long way in the last century and there is no doubt that we now live in the information age. Whatever type of media we choose, it all comes down to the need for information. This will always be a basic need as long as communication is part of human nature.
64. Information is considered the center of human communication because ________.
A. human communication means information exchange
B. human communication involves people’s participation
C. information is now experiencing a revolution
D. information helps people gather together
65. What was the historical contribution of the newspaper as a source of information?
A. It made the mass communication truly develop.
B. It helped the mass communication develop in cities.
C. It kept people timely informed about home and world events.
D. It kept reliable information available in big cities.
66. The third paragraph mainly tells us that technology helps ________.
A. information easily available           B. people be part of history
C. inform everything timely             D. produce the latest news
67. It can be concluded from the last paragraph that a basic need today is ________.
A. communication                     B. information
C. high technology                   D. media types

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第三部分阅读理解（满分40分）
第一节阅读选择（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
A
A Father’s day is a day set aside for honouring fathers in church services and in
the home. It’s celebrated in the U.S. in the third Sunday of June. This idea was begun by Mrs John Bruces Dodd, who in 1909 persuaded an organization in Washington to
salute fathers with special church services. The idea was officially agreed to by President Woodrow Wilson in 1916. In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge suggested national celebration of the day to form closer relations between fathers and their children, and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their duties. The red or white rose is recognized as the official Father’s Day flower.
56. Father’s Day, at first, meant ______.
A. to honor fathers in church services and in the home
B. to win honor for fathers in church services
C. to do honour to fathers at home
D. to warn the fathers of their duties
57. Father’s Day was first celebrated by _____.
A. the French      B. the British      C. the German       D. the American
58. The first president who agreed to Father’s Day was _____.
A. Woodrow Wilson     B. Calvin Coolidge
C. George Washington   D. Abraham Lincoln
59. The president wanted Father’s Day to be a day on which _____.
A. people remembered their fathers
B. the relations between fathers and their children became closer
C. fathers must remember that they should be good fathers
D. both B and C
60. According to the passage, this idea was begun by______.
A. Woodrow Wilson      B. Calvin Coolidge
C. George Washington    D. Mrs. John Bruces Dodd

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