The income gap between China"s rural and urban residents(居民) has continued to wi
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The income gap between China"s rural and urban residents(居民) has continued to widen during the past few years in spite of rapidly rising rural incomes, Agricultural Minister Sun Zhengcai said here on Wednesday.
The income ratio(比率) between urban and rural residents was 3.28:1 in 2006, against 3.23:1 in 2003, said Sun in his report on the promotion of building a new countryside in 2007. Sun also said the net income of rural residents in different regions also varied widely. The income gap is only one of several problems in rural areas, according to Sun"s report. While listing the achievements in rural areas in recent years, Sun believed that rural development still followed behind urban development.
"We have bigger pressure to ensure the supply of major agricultural products such as grain," he said. "China"s urbanization(都市化) has been speeded up and more rural residents have gone to urban areas," he said.
"In this case, more agricultural producers become farm produce consumers, which created more pressure for supply," he said.
Another problem facing China"s agricultural development is inadequate application of science and technology.
"Only 30 percent of scientific and technological achievements have been applied to agricultural production, which is 40 percentage points lower than developed countries," he said.
Despite increased government spending in rural areas, the infrastructure(基础下部组织) is still poor and easily hit by disasters.
According to Sun, the government spent 431.8 billion yuan ($59.15 billion) on agriculture, rural areas and farmers this year, an increase of 80.1 billion yuan over the previous year.
China set aside 11.38 billion yuan to promote a new rural cooperative medical care system and 27.98 billion yuan to support the new compulsory education mechanism in rural area to ensure that all citizens shared the fruits of China"s reform and opening-up, Sun said.
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?| A．Because of the rapidly rising rural incomes, the income gap between China"s rural and urban residents will disappear this year. | | B．The net income of rural residents in different regions is the same. | | C．The government has taken measures to develop the economy in the rural areas. | | D．Because of the rapidly rising rural incomes, the supply of major agricultural products is enough. |
小题2:Can you infer the meaning of the underlined words in paragraph 5?| A．be made full use of | | B．be made little use of | | C．be not made full use of | | D．be made good use of |
小题3:How much is spent on agriculture, rural areas and farmers the previous year?| A．431.8 billion yuan | B．511.9 billion yuan | | C．351.7 billion yuan | D．80.1 billion yuan |
小题4: Which is NOT the problem in rural areas?| A．The income gap | | B．The inadequate application of science and technology | | C．The supply of major agricultural products | | D．China"s urbanization |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:D |
解析
小题1:文章最后一段提到了政府对农村的投入，可知政府采取了措施来发展乡村经济。
小题2:由接下来提到应用的比率及这个比率与发达国家的比较，可知应用得并不充分，但也不是只有一点儿。
小题3:今年是431.8，比去年增长了80.1，那么去年应当是这两个数的差，即351.7。
小题4:D当中提到的中国的城市化引起了农村人口的流动，这是引起农村问题的原因，不是问题本身。 |
举一反三
Does technology pose a threat to the purity of Chinese language?
Many Chinese use instant messenger tools such as MSN or QQ, listen to music on MP3 players and log on the Internet using ADSL—most without knowing the literal Chinese translation of the abbreviations(缩略词). But they don’t have to, as many English letters have become part of the local vocabulary.
A dozen abbreviations including GDP, NBA, IT, MP3, QQ, DVD and CEO are among the 5,000 most-frequently used words in the Chinese media last year, according to a report on the 2006 Language Situation in China.
The report said some parents are so keen on English letters that a couple tried to name their baby “@”, claiming the character used in email addresses reflects their love for the child. While the “@”is obviously familiar to Chinese e-mail users, they often use the English word “at” to pronounce it “ai ta”,or “love him”.
The study collected more than 1 billion language samples from newspapers, magazines, TV, radio and websites. The annual report is jointly compiled by the Ministry of Education and the State Language Commission.
“Nowadays, more and more English abbreviations are being used in Chinese, making them an important part of modern language,” said Hou Min, a professor at Communication University of China.
“The abbreviations have gained popularity because of the ease of usage,” Hou said. For example, DNA is much simpler to use than its Chinese version. “As more Chinese people learn foreign languages, especially English, in recent years, using abbreviations has become a trend among educated people,” she added.
Some language scholars fear such usage will contaminate(污染)the purity of Chinese and cause confusion in communication.
小题1: Which of the following is TRUE about the report on the 2006 Language Situation in China?| A．The report is compiled by the Ministry of Education alone. | | B．The report is compiled every year. | | C．The report is compiled every two years. | | D．The report is based on over 1 billion language samples from websites. |
小题2: Why does the author use the example of a couple who tried to name their baby “@”?| A．To show Chinese is badly polluted by English. | | B．To express the couple’s love for the child. | | C．To indicate “@”is a very common sign among the e-mail users. | | D．To show some people are very enthusiastic over English letters. |
小题3:Why are the English abbreviations becoming more and more popular according to the passage?| A．Because English is the most common language in the world. | | B．Because using English abbreviations is a fashion. | | C．Because English abbreviations are easy and simple to use. | | D．Because English abbreviations are easy to pronounce. |
小题4:What can we infer from the passage?| A．People should know clearly the exact Chinese translation of English abbreviations. | | B．More and more Chinese people will use English abbreviations in the future. | | C．Most parents like to give their child English names now. | | D．Language scholars hate to use English abbreviations. |
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Every year, whenever Spring Festival arrives, a lot of Chinese people cannot wait to go home. They queue for long hours in front of the ticket offices in railway stations, or do whatever they can in order to get a ticket. They tolerate the long journey on the train only to want to ______ with their near and dear ones.
According to The Beijing Youth Daily, most Chinese celebrate the Spring Festival not only because they want to follow tradition, there are also some practical reasons to explain Chinese people"s fever for the holiday. Compared with one"s workplace, home provides a more humane environment for one to relax oneself.
Society may do with or without you, but at home, you become unique and indispensable. You may be the father or mother, daughter or son, grandfather or grandmother in the family and the family will be incomplete if anyone is absent, because every member in the family is bound together, and everyone in the family is pleased with the feeling that he or she is unique and irreplaceable.
In addition, family provides an ideal environment for one to fully relax oneself. At home, one can take one"s time do whatever he or she wants, and one can spend money whenever one likes. In society, however, one needs to do everything fast and with high efficiency, because society always reqiores efficiency and maximum profits. Such company principles make people merely a tool in modern society.
Chinese people"s strong desire for Spring Festival shows that they feel oppressed and have a sense of predicament(困境) of existence in modern society. The Spring Festival provides a chance for them to escape from such anxiety and treasure the long-lost tradition of community spirit. With the Spring Festival, people can find back the warm, family atmosphere often seen in days gone by.
1. What"s the passage mainly talking about? (Please answer within 10 words. )
2. Fill in the blanks with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words. )
3. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?You may not be a necessary part in society, but in your family, you are very important and no one else can take the place of you.
4. Do you think home is important for Chinese to celebrate the Spring Festival?Why or why not? (Please answer within 30 words. )
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese. |
The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming（逼近） hunger crisis in poor countries and a looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices increases combined with soaring energy costs will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even undermine（破坏） political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkina Faso. Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but we"ll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.
So, what should be done？Here are three steps to ease the current crisis and avert（防止, 避免） the potential for a global disaster. The first is to scale-up（按比例增加,扩大） the dramatic success of Malawi, a famine-prone（遭遇饥荒） country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds. Malawi"s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all.
Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies of subsidizing（给补助金） the conversion of food into biofuels（生物燃料）.
Third, we urgently need to weatherproof（使防风雨） the world"s crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond--which collects rainwater to be used for emergency irrigation in a dry spell--can make the difference between a bountiful crop and a famine. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.
The food crisis provides not only a warning but also an opportunity. We need to invest vastly more in sustainable development in order to achieve true global security and economic growth.
小题1:Which of the following is the best title?| A．How to end the global food shortage | | B．How to end the global disaster | | C．How to help the farmers in the poor countries | | D．How to subsidize the farmers to increase food products |
小题2:The word “woes” in paragraph one is most likely to mean .| A．hunger | B．things | C．matters | D．disasters |
小题3:What does the author think of the global food shortage?| A．people in the world can do nothing. | | B．The global food crisis will continue. | | C．The food crisis provides not only a warning but also an opportunity. | | D．We don’ know. |
小题4:What measures should be taken to ease the current crisis and avert the potential for a global disaster?| A．to scale-up the dramatic success of Malawi | | B．the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies of subsidizing the conversion of food into biofuels | | C．to prevent the world"s crops from being destroyed by weather as soon and as effectively as possible. | | D．All above . |
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Preface
Science is a dominant(占优势的) theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.
This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive（普遍的；深入的）in our culture.
We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.
We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.
小题1:According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means
A cultural groups that are formed by scientists. B people whose knowledge of science is very limited.
C the scientific community. D people who make good contribution to science.
小题2:We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because
A. it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.
B Science affects almost every aspect of our life.
C Scientists live in a specific subculture. D It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.
小题3:The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who
A are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.
B are good at producing various gadgets.
C work in a storehouse of dried facts. D want to have a superficial understanding of science.
小题4:According to this passage,
A English is a sexist language. B only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.
C women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.
D male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.
小题5:This passage most probably is
A. book review. B the preface of a book. C the postscript of a book. D the concluding part of a book. |
Once the 2008 Olympic Games finishes, the drums and trumpets(喇叭) of the competitions would also stop. But would the city remain as lively as it would be after this world event? Investment sustainability and high demand are two highly invaluable economic concepts(概念) that can be looked at in order to ensure post-Olympics flourish, or perhaps, an even better future for Beijingers.
Naturally, an economic downturn occurs in an Olympic host city once the major event finishes. Renmin University Professor Jin Yuanpu noted that a global event like this would put Beijing into a position of large importance in the international stage. But after this event, who would use the heavily-funded equipment and public and private investments left in the city? Various economists argued that a meltdown (彻底垮台) is highly unlikely. Jonathan Anderson, UBS Asia economist, suggested that the negative effects of the end of Beijing Olympics 2008 on the entire country aren’t important compared to previous host cities. China is such a huge economy that the conclusion of the Olympics games is the same as an ant-bite on a dragon.
But what about post-Olympics Beijing? Retired Headmaster of Peking University, Li Yining, noted that a long-term civil demand growth and a popular desire by companies to adopt careful financial management decisions can lead to continued investment growth. Even though demand in some departments of the economy would drop in the short-run, creativity, practicality and innovation(创新) would be the key factors that would continually enhance the city"s image and flourish long after the Olympics in the city has ended.
So what"s next for Beijing after the Olympics? Well, it"s business as usual...
小题1:Which one of the followings is the author’s idea?| A．Beijing’s economy will have a downturn after the 2008 Olympic Games. | | B．The 2008 Olympic Games have no effects on Beijing’s economy. | | C．Beijing’s economy will go on as usual. | | D．Beijing’s economy will go worse after the 2008 Olympic Games. |
小题2: What’s the Jin Yuanpu idea about Beijing’s economy after the 2008 Olympic Games according to the passage?| A．to have a downturn | | B．to develop as usual | | C．to develop more rapidly | | D．all of the above |
小题3:Why did Jonathan Anderson believe that the negative effects of the end of Beijing Olympics 2008 on the entire country aren’t important?| A．The negative effects are small. | | B．The Chinese government has many measures to take. | | C．The Chinese economy has developed at a certain level so that the negative effects can’t affect it too much. | | D．Jonathan Anderson liked China very much so he didn’t want China to go worse. |
小题4:Choose a best title for this passage.| A．Beijing After the Olympics | | B．The negative effects of the end of Beijing Olympics | | C．Can Beijing get through the difficult period after the 2008 Olympic Games | | D．Beijing’s economy after the 2008 Olympic Games |
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