Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th centu
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Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers fried to conquer(征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921. The British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland. In the north, is part of the united kingdom. The republic of Ireland. In the south. Is an independent country.
In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes ,was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of bunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work , forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly, Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”, Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different are as have different styles of old Irish song which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
小题1:what does the author tell us in paragraph 1 ?| A．how the Irish fought against the English. | | B．how Ireland gained independence. | | C．how English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. | | D．how two ”Irelands” came into being. |
小题2:we learn from the text that in Ireland____________.| A．food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population | | B．people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside | | C．it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker | | D．different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments |
小题3:the last paragraph is mainly about____________.| A．the Irish character | | B．Irish culture | | C．Irish musical instruments | | D．a famous Irish writer |
小题4:what can be the best title for the text?| A．Life in Ireland | B．A very difficult history | | C．Ireland, past and present | D．the independence of Ireland |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:C |
解析
文章介绍了爱尔兰的过去与现在，文化与历史。
小题1:段落大意题。第一段正是告诉我们两个爱尔兰是如何形成的。
小题2:细节题。根据第2段第1行In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes ,was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of bunger.
小题3:段落大意题。通读全段可知文章最后一段是关于爱尔兰的文化。
小题4:主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章介绍了爱尔兰的过去与现在。他的形成，以及在历史上受到的苦难和它的文化。 |
举一反三
“All men are created equal” is one idea that nearly every American would agree upon. 36 they sometimes betray the idea in their daily lives, they have a deep faith 37 in some fundamental way no one is born superior to anyone else.
In the early years of American history, because titles of nobility(贵族) were forbidden, no 38 class system developed in the United States. Firmly believing that being born into a lower class would not 39 them from success and they would have a better chance in America, thousands of immigrants 40 to leave the European societies, where their 41 in life was determined 42 by the social class into which they were born. It was because the dreams of many of there immigrants were 43 in their new country, though there might be 44 in some situations, that Americans came to believe in equality of opportunity.
Americans do not mean that everyone should be 45 equal when they say they believe in equality of opportunity. 46 , they do mean that each person should have an equal chance for success. Abraham Lincoln once said, “We wish to 47 the humblest(最微贱的) man an equal chance to get rich with everybody else. When one starts poor, free society is 48 that he knows he can 49 his condition.”
However, competition is the price to be 50 for his equality of opportunity. Americans match their energy and intelligence against that of others in a competitive contest for success, because they believe competition 51 the best in any person. Indeed, the pressure of competition causes an American to be 52 , but it also places a constant emotional stress on him. In fact, in a society that gives so much 53 to those “winners”, 54 does not compete successfully for whatever reason never 55 into it as well as those who do.
| 小题1: | | A．Since | B．As | C．Although | D．Because |
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| 小题3: | | A．normal | B．moral | C．formal | D．general |
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| 小题4: | | A．benefit | B．prevent | C．save | D．limit |
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| 小题5: | | A．forced | B．required | C．chose | D．looked forward |
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| 小题6: | | A．place | B．meaning | C．function | D．purpose |
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| 小题7: | | A．slightly | B．largely | C．originally | D．publicly |
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| 小题8: | | A．come true | B．ruined | C．succeeded | D．realized |
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| 小题9: | | A．excitements | B．expectations | C．exceptions | D．disappointments |
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| 小题10: | | A．really | B．totally | C．actually | D．truly |
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| 小题11: | | A．Besides | B．Meanwhile | C．Moreover | D．Instead |
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| 小题12: | | A．allow | B．encourage | C．approve | D．share |
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| 小题14: | | A．enjoy | B．better | C．maintain | D．stand |
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| 小题15: | | A．paid | B．asked | C．cared | D．sought |
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| 小题16: | | A．gives out | B．comes out | C．brings out | D．stands out |
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| 小题17: | | A．exhausted | B．energetic | C．realistic | D．effective |
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| 小题18: | | A．honor | B．pressure | C．happiness | D．burden |
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| 小题19: | | A．anyone | B．who | C．one | D．whoever |
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| 小题20: | | A．enters | B．fits | C．falls | D．matches |
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For the first time in Hong Kong’s history, an entertainer has been written into middle school textbooks. He is considered one of the best actors in Hong Kong. Yes, he is Chow Yun-fat.
The example of his long hard struggle for success has been used in a chapter in a Hong Kong middle school textbook. Using his experience, students can learn to make the most of their time and to grab every opportunity to succeed．
On hearing about this, Chow said happily, “I really hope that my experiences can make young people understand that one should not be afraid of difficulties and setbacks (挫折), for they are the only way to success.”
Indeed, Chow has travelled a long and difficult path to reach his success. In 1955, he was born into a poor family in Hong Kong. When he was 17, he had to leave school. He worked in a number of jobs—as a postman, camera salesman and taxi driver. These experiences paved (铺路) the way for him to play all kinds of roles later in life.
Chow broke into the film industry in the late 1970s. He was one of the hardest working actors and starred in a number of popular TV dramas and films including “Shanghai Bund”(《上海滩》) and “A Better Tomorrow”. Since 1985, he has won many awards including Taiwan"s Golden Horse Awards and Hong Kong Film Awards.
In 1995, he went to Hollywood. Although he was already over 40, he had to learn English. He even put chopsticks in his mouth to practise pronouncing certain sounds. His film, “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon”, began to gain him more fame and recognition around the world. In 1998, the mayor of Chicago set aside January 12 as “Chow Yun-fat Day”.
小题1:Chow Yun-fat has been written into middle school textbooks mainly because ________.| A．he plays best in Hong Kong | | B．he keeps on struggling for success | | C．his experiences are very special | | D．he is well thought of |
小题2:Chow felt ________ when he learned that he had been written into middle school textbooks.| A．surprised | B．shy | C．sad | D．happy |
小题3:What can we infer from the passage?| A．Chow Yun-fat is proud of his success. | | B．Chow Yun-fat prefers to make a living by selling cameras rather than by performing. | | C．Chow Yun-fat has won more awards than other actors. | | D．Chow Yun-fat is popular both at home and abroad. |
小题4:The underlined sentence (in paragraph 6) suggests ________. | A．chopsticks is of great help to practise English pronunciation | | B．Chow Yun-fat is willing to struggle with difficulties | | C．Chow Yun-fat has suffered a lot before he went to Hollywood | | D．it is hard for a person who is over 40 years old to learn spoken English |
小题5:The author wrote this passage to ________.| A．introduce Chow’s films | | B．praise Chow for his excellent performance | | C．call on people to learn from Chow | | D．show why Chow is popular |
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Most people consider skydiving (高空跳伞) a product of the 20th century, but its history actually goes further back than that. The Chinese attempted to parachute (跳伞) in the 10th century, a thousand years before we did. The Chinese did what we would today call base diving; that is, they jumped off a place that would allow them to float from a height to the ground.
The first person to attempt to parachute was a Frenchman named Jacques Garnerin. He jumped from his hot-air balloon at the end of the 18th century and did tricks on the way down and stupefied the crowds by landing safely on the ground. At the end of the 19th century, Kathie Paulus, a brave German woman, became famous for her skydiving skills.
Once the airplane was invented, skydiving took on a whole new form. The airplane made it possible to dive from greater heights at greater speeds, allowing for more range in the movements in the air. A woman named Tiny Broadwick became the first woman to jump from a plane in 1913 and dive free fall in 1914.
Skydiving was not called skydiving until the middle of the 1950s, when Ronald Young invented the word. It had been called parachuting before this and was mainly used by the military (军事) to land troops in inland locations, or for pilots to jump out of their planes when necessary. Once World War I was over, parachuting became a sport, which we now call skydiving.
After World War II, this activity became more a hobby than a military action. Soldiers were trained in parachuting and enjoyed the thrill so much that they continued on for fun. From this, teams and competitions were formed. Skydiving schools appeared in the late 1950s and now it is a recognized extreme sport enjoyed by many.
小题1:The underlined word “stupefied” in paragraph 2 probably means “_______”.| A．disappointed | B．encouraged | C．surprised | D．attacked |
小题2:Who was the first woman to jump from a plane?| A．Jacques Garnerin. | B．Kathie Paulus. | C．Tiny Broadwick. | D．Ronald Young. |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE?| A．The Chinese attempted different skydiving skills in the 10th century. | | B．Skydiving became popular after the airplane was invented. | | C．The word skydiving was first used in a military action. | | D．There were no skydiving schools until the late 1950s. |
小题4:What can we infer from the passage?| A．Skydiving is not a military action any more. | | B．Kathie Paulus is famous for her skydiving skills. | | C．The first person who parachuted was from Germany. | | D．The history of skydiving is longer than that of parachuting. |
小题5:What would be the best title for this text?| A．The history of skydiving | B．The popularity of skydiving | | C．What is skydiving? | D．Why is skydiving an extreme sport? |
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London has already hosted the Olympics twice before and the 2012 Olympics will make it the first city in history to have held three Olympic games．
The first London Olympics in 1908
These games were going to be held in Rome but, because of a volcano, Rome wasn"t ready．London agreed to stage the games and the White City Olympic Stadium was built in just 10 months．What was new at these Olympics was the opening ceremony where athletes paraded（列队行进） with their teams behind their national flags．Only 22 countries took part and the profits were just over ￡21,000!
The second London Olympics
Because of the Second World War, the 1944 Olympics were cancelled．Four years later the war was over and London was able to hold the Games in 1948．Things were very different in London during these Olympic Games and many years of war had left the UK poor and hungry．People called them the "Austerity Games"．But there were still some great sports and some exciting events!
59 countries took part, more than at any other Olympics before and the USA won the most medals with 84．For the first time, cameras filmed the games and broadcast them on television so that people could watch them in their own homes．
The third London Olympics in 2012
The Games this year are going to be bigger, better and more exciting than ever before． There will be more than 10,000 athletes from 204 countries taking part!
London wants to make sure that the benefits of the Olympics don"t just last for a few weeks in summer but go on much longer．The buildings have been designed and constructed so that they can be used for different things when the Games are over．
小题1:The text is mainly about _____．| A．London will host the Olympics again | | B．London"s Olympic history | | C．London"s Olympics will last much longer | | D．London is ready for the Olympics |
小题2:London hosted the Olympics in 1908 instead of Rome because _____．| A．London could build a stadium in 10 months | | B．only 22 countries took part | | C．there was a volcano eruption in Rome | | D．London could make more profits than Rome |
小题3:The second London Olympic Games were called the "Austerity Games" because _____．| A．the UK were poor and hungry then | | B．there were some great sports | | C．the previous Olympic Games was jcancelled | | D．about 59 countries took part |
小题4:The underlined word "them" refers to _____．| A．the 59 countries | B．the 84 gold medals | | C．all the athletes | D．the games |
小题5:According to the text, we know that _____．| A．the benefits of the Olympics used to last for months afterwards | | B．the 2nd London Olympics attracted more countries than any other Olympics | | C．the buildings for the 3rd London Olympics have more functions for future use | | D．the 2nd London Olympics were cancelled because of the Second World War |
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Before Nicholas Clapp got there, he had half hoped that he might run into some of Ubar’s ruins sticking(凸出) out of the sand. But finding the city wasn’t that easy. During the summer, he and his 40 helpers dug at 35 different spots. The only things they found were ground spiders, giant ticks, and deadly snakes.
Just before Thanksgiving says Clapp, “We were within a whisker of total failure.”
But then Clapp’s team looked at the high-tech maps again and saw something surprising. Many of the caravan routes(沙漠商队路线)on the high-tech maps came together on the same spot marked “Omani Marketplace” on Ptolomy’s map. Two maps, made almost 2000 years apart, pointed the team toward the same area!
In December 1991, Clapp arrived at the spot where, according to the maps, the caravans met. Clapp had a handheld instrument that could detect(探测) objects below the ground. It showed ruins under the sand! He and his team started digging. And then they found it! A tower buried in the sand. They slowly unearthed a giant, eight-sided fortress(堡垒). It had nine towers and many rooms. People had lived in this fortress 2000 years ago. Outside its walls, they had found buried remains of nearly 40 campsites. They seemed to be camping areas for traders(商人).
More digging found shards, or pieces of pottery(陶瓷) from ancient Rome, Greece, China, Egypt, and Syria. Diggers and scientists agree that people were here for about 5000 years. Clapp and his team were excited as they continued to discover more pieces of the past that seemed to prove that it was the lost city of Ubar.
“We started with this hopeless myth(神秘),” says Clapp, “and then finally found the truth behind the myth.” But is this unearthed site really the once-great Ubar? Experts aren’t totally persuaded.
Donald Whitcomb is an archeologist(考古学家) at the University of Chicago. He doubts that Clapp really discovered Ubar. “There’s probably some truth to this myth,” he says. “But Ubar is described as a place with walls all made of gold, and the rubies and emeralds(宝石).” No gold or precious stones have been found by Clapp.
“I’m not sure whether they discovered Ubar because I’m not sure if Ubar really existed,” Whitcomb says.
小题1:The following statements are true according to the reading EXCEPT_____.| A．Clapp made this discovery with the help of caravan routes on the maps | | B．Clapp made this discovery with the help of some high technology | | C．Clapp was not sure that he had found Ubar | | D．Donald Whitcomb was not sure if Clapp had found Ubar |
小题2:Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined part?| A．We were ready for any failure | | B．We were on the point of giving up hopes | | C．We would never stop digging though there was difficulty. | | D．We decided that we had failed to find Ubar. |
小题3:It can be inferred from the reading that Nicholas Clapp is _____| A．a person of courage | | B．a person of determination | | C．a very young person | | D．a person who is good for nothing |
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