My elder brother Steve, in the absence of my father who died when I was six, gav
题型：不详难度：来源：
My elder brother Steve, in the absence of my father who died when I was six, gave me important lessons in values（价值观念） that helped me grow into an adult.
Steve taught me to face the results of my behavior. Once when I returned in tears from a Saturday baseball game, it was Steve who asked me what happened. When I explained that my baseball had soared through Mrs. Holt’s basement window, breaking the glass with a crash, Steve encouraged me to admit to her. Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt, I offered to pay for the window from my pocket money if she would return my ball.
I also learned from Steve that personal property（财产） is a sacred（神圣的） thing. After I found a shiny silver pen in my fifth-grade classroom, I wanted to keep it, but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else in spite of the fact that it had little value. He reminded me of how much I’d hate to lose to someone else the small dog my father made with a piece of cheap wood. I returned the pen to my teacher, Mrs. David, and still remembered the smell of her perfume (香水) as she patted me on the shoulder.
Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most unforgetful in my mind. When I was twelve I killed an old brown sparrow(麻雀)in the yard with a BB gun. Excited, I screamed at Steve to come and take a look. I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird on the ground. Then in a dead, quiet voice, he asked, “Did it hurt you first, Mark?” I didn’t know what to answer. He continued with his eyes firm, “The only time you should even think of hurting a living thing is when it hurts you first, and then you think a long, long time.” I really felt terrible then, but that moment stands out as the most important lesson my brother taught me.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?| A．The relationship between Mark and Steve. | | B．The important lessons Mark learned in school. | | C．Steve’s important role in Mark’s growth stage. | | D．Mark and Steve’s respect for living things. |
小题2:When Mark admitted his mistakes to Mrs. Holt, he ____.| A．was surprised | B．felt frightened | | C．was light-hearted | D．cried before her |
小题3:From the third paragraph, we can know that Mark _____.| A．had a shiny silver pen | B．respected his teacher | | C．hated his father very much | D．once owned a small wooden dog |
小题4:To Mark, which is the most important lesson Steve taught him?| A．Respecting life. | B．Being responsible for one’s behavior. | | C．Being honest. | D．Respecting others’ property |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:A |
解析
试题分析：
小题1:这是主旨大意题。根据My elder brother Steve, in the absence of my father who died when I was six, gave me important lessons in values（价值观念） that helped me grow into an adult.可以看出应选C
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt,由于害怕我把膝盖碰了一下，故选B。
小题3:这是细节理解题。根据He reminded me of how much I’d hate to lose to someone else the small dog my father made with a piece of cheap wood.可以看出应选D。
小题4:这是细节理解题。根据短文的最后一自然段Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most unforgetful in my mind.可以看出应选A。
点评：文中叙述了作者在父亲去世后，在哥哥的培养教育下，长大了。文中叙述了作者在成长中印象最深的几件事，同时通过这几件事哥哥教育作者如何做人。做主旨大意题时注意文章的首句或尾句，便可知道答案，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。 |
举一反三
Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that go into the collecting of those interesting birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is 36 I became an animal collector in the first 37 .The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any 38 was not the traditional “mamma” or “daddy”,39 the word “zoo”, which I would 40 over and over again with a exciting 41 until someone, in groups to 42 me up, would take me to the zoo. When I 43 a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great 44 of pets, ranging from owls(鹰) to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time 45the countryside in search of fresh specimens to 46 to my collection of pets.
47 on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student 48 , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches,49 were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I 50 had enough money of my own to be able to 51 my first trip and I have been going 52 ever since then. Though a collector"s job is not an easy one and is full of 53 ,it is certainly a job which will appeal 54 all those who love animals and 55 .
| 小题1: | | A．how | B．where | C．when | D．whether |
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| 小题2: | | A．region | B．field | C．place | D．area |
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| 小题3: | | A．clearness | B．emotion | C．feeling | D．affection |
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| 小题4: | | A．except | B．but | C．except for | D．but for |
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| 小题5: | | A．recite | B．recognize | C．read | D．repeat |
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| 小题6: | | A．volume | B．noise | C．voice | D．pitch |
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| 小题7: | | A．close | B．shut | C．stop | D．comfort |
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| 小题8: | | A．grew | B．was growing | C．grow | D．grown |
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| 小题9: | | A．many | B．amount | C．number | D．much |
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| 小题10: | | A．living | B．seeing | C．liking | D．exploring |
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| 小题11: | | A．increase | B．include | C．add | D．enrich |
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| 小题12: | | A．later | B．further | C．then | D．farther |
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| 小题13: | | A．servant | B．keeper | C．member | D．assistant |
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| 小题14: | | A．who | B．they | C．of which | D．which |
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小题15:A successfully B. gladly C. nearly D. luckily
| 小题16: | | A．pay | B．finance | C．allow | D．provide |
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| 小题17: | | A．normally | B．often | C．usually | D．regularly |
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| 小题18: | | A．unhappiness | B．sorrows | C．excitement | D．disappointments |
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| 小题20: | | A．voyage | B．travel | C．journey | D．Trip |
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I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves．One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community．Both had died “full of years”, as the Bible would say．Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence （吊唁） calls on the two families on the same afternoon.
At the first home, the son of the deceased （已故的） woman said to me, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today．It’s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today．That long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take．It’s my fault that she’s dead.”
You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty．Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course — keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation — would have turned out better．After all, how could it have turned out any worse?
There seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty．The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens．That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.
The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen．It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault．The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.
A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it．He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks．He cries, and someone comes to attend to him．When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him．Very often, we do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.
小题1:The author had to hold the two women’s funerals probably because __________________.| A．he wanted to comfort the two families | | B．he was an official from the community | | C．he had great pity for the deceased | | D．he was priest of the local church |
小题2:People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because _______________________.| A．they couldn’t find a better way to express their sorrow | | B．they believe that they were responsible | | C．they had neglected the natural course of events | | D．they didn’t know things often turn out in the opposite direction |
小题3:According to the passage, the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably means that ______.| A．everything in the world is predetermined | | B．the world can be interpreted in different ways | | C．there’s an explanation for everything in the world | | D．we have to be sensible in order to understand the world |
小题4:What’s the main idea of the passage?| A．Life and death is an unsolved mystery. | | B．Every story should have a happy ending. | | C．Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault. | | D．In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away . |
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Have you ever been in a meeting while someone was making a speech and realized suddenly that your mind was a million miles away? You probably felt sorry and made up your mind to pay attention and never have daydreaming again. Most of us from earlier school days have been told that daydreaming is a waste of time.
“ On the contrary,” says L.Giambra, an expert in psychology（心理学）, “ daydreaming is quite necessary. Without it, the mind couldn’t get done all the thinking it has to do during a normal day… .
You can’t possibly do all your thinking with a conscious（有意识的） mind. Instead, your unconscious mind is working out problems all the time. Daydreaming then may be one way that the unconscious states of minds have silent dialogues.”
Early experts in psychology paid no attention to the importance of daydreams or even considered them harmful. At one time daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illness. They did not have a better understanding of daydreams until the late 1980s. Eric Klinger, a professor of psychology, is the writer of the book Daydreaming. Klinger says, “we know now that daydreaming is one of the main ways that we organize our lives, learn from our experiences, and plan for our futures… Daydreams really are a window on the things we fear and the things we long for in life.”
Daydreams are usually very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams which may be hard to understand. It’s easier to gain a deep understanding of your life by paying close attention to your daydreams than by trying to examine your sleep dreams carefully. Daydreams help you recognize the difficult situations in your life and find out a possible way of handling them.
Daydreams cannot be predicted; they move off in unexpected directions which may be creative and full of useful ideas. For many famous artists and scientists, daydreams were and are a main source of creative energy.
So the next time you catch yourself daydreaming, don’t stop. Just pay attention to your dream. It may be more important than you think.
小题1:In what way are daydreams different from sleep dreams?| A．Daydreams help to develop an unconscious mind. | | B．Daydreams are not so easy for us to control and direct. | | C．Daydreams help us to handle more difficult situations | | D．Daydreams are easier for us to understand. |
小题2:Professor Eric Klinger believes that _______.| A．our fears and longings in life are shown in our daydreams | | B．we may study our experiences just through our daydreams | | C．daydreaming is one of the important ways that we recognize our lives | | D．we should be able to tell our futures by having daydreams |
小题3:The writer of the article thinks that ______.| A．daydreaming is more helpful than sleep dreams | | B．many artists and scientists are famous because they have daydreams | | C．professor Eric Klinger has a better idea than L. Giambra | | D．daydreaming with an unconscious mind will do good to health |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?| A．Daydreaming was once regarded as a cause of mental illness. | | B．Experts began to have a better understanding of daydreams in the late 1980s. | | C．Scientists believe that we can know daydreams before having them. | | D． Many well-known artists gained energy of creation from daydream |
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“How was school, Ben?” I asked my grandson after he began kindergarten(幼儿园) this year. “The work is too long… and there’s not enough time to play,” he replied.
I couldn’t help but remember Ben’s own mother, my daughter, Jane, and her reaction(反应) to the first day of school. Julie was also disappointed with the first day of school and so was her little sister. My three-year-old daughter announced angrily after her big sister got on the big yellow school bus, “I want to go ‘sool’ and you not let me!”
When Julie returned home that afternoon, I asked her the same question that I asked Ben, “How was school, Julie?” Julie replied, “I didn’t learn to read today.”
This year as the school bus passed my house, my mind went back to those school days again. I could almost smell the chalk dust in the air. I also wonder what the children these days manage to get chosen to do in order to get out of school for a few moments since there are no erasers to clean. It was fun to be “chosen” for eraser cleaning duty. This was a task finished by going outside and beating erasers together while sneezing and coughing. No wonder so many babies now have allergies(过敏症), and it’s simply because we all have chalk dust in our lungs!
On the first day of school, the expectation was so great that I would be ready long before it was time to leave for school. We didn’t have backpacks because we had cigar boxes. We carried our small supplies inside a cigar box from one of the local stores. We saved the cigar boxes and used them from year to year until they fell apart.
The first day of school was exciting. It was a new beginning. The doors of knowledge had been opened. The first day of school is an event in our lives that most of us remember. It’s a big step for a small child toward leaving babyhood and so “there isn’t enough time to play”.
小题1:Why did Jane become angry according to the passage?| A．Because she didn’t learn to read on the first day of school. | | B．Because there was too much work for her to do at school. | | C．Because she had no time to play at school. | | D．Because she was not allowed to go to school. |
小题2:The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 suggests that .| A．the author was thinking of her school days jokingly | | B．the author warned students against the harm of chalk dust | | C．the author suffered from an allergy because of chalk dust | | D．the author doubted whether her lungs had chalk dust |
小题3:In the opinion of the author, the first day of school is .| A．a day when a child is the happiest | | B．a day when a child does much work | | C．the beginning of great learning | | D．the end of childhood full of toys |
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Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day.“I was a clothes addict（有瘾的人）”he jokes.“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual（不经意的，随意的） clothes—khaki pants （裤子）and a sports shirt—to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie.“I am working harder than ever.”David says,“and I need to feel comfortable.”
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday（but only on Friday）.This became known as“dress-down Friday”or“casual Friday”.“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.”said business Maisly Jones.
Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.” “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company,“so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative（保守的）dress code.”Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale（心境，士气）. Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,”one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”
小题1:David Smith refers to himself as having been“a clothes addict,”because .| A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt | | B．he couldn’t stand a clean appearance | | C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time | | D．he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes |
小题2:David Smith wears casual clothes now, because .| A．they make him feel at ease when working | | B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes | | C．he looks handsome in casual clothes | | D．he no longer works for any company |
小题3:According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?| A．Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago. | | B．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 90s. | | C．“Dress-down Friday”was first given as a favor from employers. | | D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people. |
小题4:In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT_______| A．saving employees’ money | B．making employees more attractive | | C．improving employees’ motivation | D．making employees happier |
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