Identifying young people with the potential to be great athletes has become a s

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Identifying young people with the potential to be great athletes has become a serious, business around the world. Many countries, including Australia, have sophisticated(复杂) programs for identifying and nurturing(培养) talent.
The AIS (Australian Institute of Sport) already runs a program that identifies potential winners starting from the age of 12 based on their physical and physiological(生理的) abilities.
Could genetics improve these programs? The problem is that no one gene test is ever going to do an accurate job of identifying someone with the physical attributes of a sporting champion, says Professor North.
"We can think of the elite athlete as what I"d call a complex phenotype(表现型)," she says. “There are going to be a large number of different genes involved. Any one single test is unlikely to be highly predictive.”
Professor Peter Fricker, director of the AIS, agrees. Although he is intrigued in the possibilities of genetic testing, he says using such tests to identify athletes would be difficult. "The feeling I have is that it won"t be that easy," he says. "Talent selection is not just about your genes."
Since 2004, the AIS has been forbidden by government from any involvement in genetic work, including genetic testing. But Professor Fricker thinks that is likely to change in the near future. "There"s been a shift in view more recently," he says.
When it does, the AIS will resume its work on the genetics of sports performance, Professor Fricker says. They would be particularly interested in looking for more genes that might help shape elite performance, but also for genes that increase the risk of injury.
Last year, the Human Genetics Society of Australasia issued a position statement on gene testing for sport, after concerns that people could use tests to steer children into particular sports.
“The Human Genetics Society thinks there are not enough data to use these tests for determining what sport kids should do,” said Professor David Thorburn, president of the society.
He stressed that genetic tests should not be performed on children, except in very specific medical circumstances.
57．The aim of the AIS’s program is to        .
A．predict how genes are connected with injuries
B．find potential great athletes
C．find out what qualities a professor has through gene tests
D．turn an athlete into a champion by transferring genes
58．By saying “Talent selection is not just about your genes”, Fricker means         .
A．effort is more important than genes in most cases
B．you can’t choose an athlete just depending on genes
C．to research one’s genes takes a long time
D．most people don’t believe in genetic tests
59．The underlined word “resume” in Para. 7 can be replaced by              .
A．stopB．complete   C．reduce      D．continue.
60．What’s Professor David Thorburn’s attitude towards genetic tests?
A．Genetic tests have a negative effect on children.
B．Genetic tests, under certain conditions, can be conducted on children.
C．Genetic tests can reduce the risk of athletes’ injuries.
D．People could use genetic tests to decide what sport kids should take.

答案

小题1:B
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:B

解析

略

举一反三

People with bigger brains tend to score higher on standardized tests of intelligence, according to new study findings.
However, Dr. Michael A.McDaniel emphasized that these findings represent a general trend, and people with small heads should not automatically believe they are less intelligent. For instance, Albert Einstein’s brain was “ not particularly large,” McDaniel noted “ There’s some relationship between brain size and intelligence on average, but there’s plenty of room for exceptions,” he said.
Interest in the relationship between brain size and intelligence grew in the 1830s, when German anantomist(解剖学家)Frederick Tidemann wrote that he believed there was “ a natural connection between the size of the brain and the mental energy displayed by the individual man.” Since that statement, scientists have conducted numerous studies to determine if Tidemann’s idea was , in fact, correct. Most studies have investigated the link between head size and intelligence .More recently, however, researchers have published additional studies on intelligence and brain size, measure using MRI scans

.
For his study, McDaniel analyzed more than 20 studies that investigated the relationship between brain size and intelligence in a total of 1,530 people. The studies showed that on average, people with larger brain volume tended to be more intelligent. The relationship was stronger in women that men, and

adults than children ,McDaniel noted.
In an interview, McDaniel noted that he’s not sure why the relationship was stronger for adults and women. Previous research has shown that women, on average, tend to have smaller brains that men, but score just as well--- if not higher--- in tests of intelligence he said.
McDaniel insisted that the relationship between brain size and intelligence is not a “perfect” one. “One can certainly find lots of examples of smaller-brained people who are highly intelligent,” he said” But , on average, the relationship holds.”
73．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．The success of using MRI scans for studies on man’s intelligence.
B．On average bigger brains mean higher IQ.
C．The importance of our brain volume.
D．Dr. Michael succeeded in his studies on man’s intelligence.
74．By mentioning Albert Einstein, the writer wanted to show ___.
A．what Albert Einstein achieved had nothing to do with his brain size
B．probably the studies on man’s intelligence are not worth believing
C．why hard working is more important than intelligence.
D．the results of thes

e studies are not true for everyone
75．The underlined word “investigated “ could be replaced by ____.
A．worked our B．guessed C．study D．imagined

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Handwriting reveals a great deal about how an individual thinks, since the brain dictate (发号施令) hand movements when a person writes. People who think quickly will write quickly, while people whose thinking is slow will write in the same way. Sometimes we see very elaborate (精致的) handwriting, particularly among public figures, such as actors or politicians, who want to draw attention to themselves. For them, handwriting is like a dress that enables them to stand out from the crowd.
The handwriting of someone who is suited to a routine job will appear well organized, clear, and regular, without any special features drawing attention to it. If the job requires proven accuracy, like that of an accountant(会计), the handwriting, especially the numbers, should be precise. On the other hand, someone in sales or public relations must be self-assured, know how to make a good impression, and be able to befriend people even when meeting them for the first time. The handwriting of such individuals will appear rather large, with elaborate capitals and on oversized signature. It will be quick, fluent, and not necessarily reasonable.
Handwriting analysis can be used to find potential behavioral or personality problems. People who are impulsive, aggressive, or dishonest write differently than those who are socially well adapted. Warning signs include broken and strongly or sporadically (零散的) pressured handwriting; disorderly handwriting in which the words run over the lines on the paper, or extremely sharp handwriting. Generally, handwriting that is extreme in any aspect-too small, too weak or too pressured-is suspect.
Evidence of medical problems also shows up in a person’s handwriting. Individuals in pain often stop in the middle of writing. Pauses will be visible in the handwriting of people who experience difficulty breathing, because they stop writing to take a breath.
Handwriting expresses the mental and physical state of the individual, as well. Depressed people write slowly, with lines sloping (倾斜) down and heavy pressure exerted(施加) on the page. People who are excessively excited will write quickly, and their handwriting will be extremely disorganized and practically unreadable. People who are tired tend to write lines that descend down the page, and their handwriting will appear weak and slow. Healthy and vigorous individual will write energetically, and their handwriting will be quick, rhythmic and fluent.
71. The passage is mainly about _____________.
A. what handwriting indicates
B. handwriting and personalities
C. the relationship between handwriting and the individual
D. handwriting analysis and the problems it shows
72. Suppose you are a famous pop star, your handwriting will be in the style of being_______.
A. well-organized          B. oversized           C. elaborate          D. sharp
73. If a person writes with a rather large, elaborate capitals and an oversized signature, we can conclude that he is probably a (an) __________.
A. famous person          B. salesman          C. doctor             D. accountant
74. If you see disorderly handwriting, you will think that the person who writes it is ________.
A. depressed          B. vigorous            C. slow in thinking        D. dishonest
75. According to the passage, a person’s handwriting has something to do with(与……有关) all of the following EXCEPT his______.
A. mind                B. education          C. health               D. profession (职业)

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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36－55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项.
"Everything happens for the best." My mother said whenever I faced disappointment, "If you 36   one day something good will happen. And you"ll realize that it wouldn"t have happened if not for that previous   37 ."
Mother was right. After graduating from college I had decided to try for a job in   38 , then work my way up to   39  . I got   40  on the door of every station every time.
In one studio, a kind lady told me that big stations wouldn"t   41  hiring an inexperienced person. "Go out in the sticks(边远地区) and find a   42  station that"ll give you a chance." she said.
I thumbed(搭便车) home to Dixon, Illi.   43  there were no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local   44  to manage   45  sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high-school football, I 46  the post, but I wasn"t hired.
My disappointment must have shown. "Everything happens for the best." Mom   47 me. I drove to Davenport, in Iowa. I   48  WOC Radio there. Peter Macarthur, the program director, told me they had already hired an announcer.
As I left his office, my frustration(挫折感)   49  over. I asked aloud. "How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can"t get a job in a radio station ?" I was waiting for the   50   when I heard Macarthur calling. "What was that you said about sports? Do you know anything about   51  ?" Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast a(an)   52   game.
I remembered a game we had won. I did a 15-minute buildup to that play, and Peter told me I would   53  Saturday"s game!
On my way home, I thought of my mother"s words,   54  I have many times since, "If you … , one day something good will happen...."
I often wonder what my   55  might have been like if I"d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward.

小题1:

A．work hard

B．are brave

C．carry on

D．are lucky

小题2:

A．problems

B．difficulty

C．disappointment

D．unemployment

小题3:

A．sports

B．radio

C．shops

D．clubs

小题4:

A．sports announcer

B．sports star

C．shop manager

D．film maker

小题5:

A．turned away

B．turned down

C．turned in

D．turned off

小题6:

A．like

B．decide

C．stand

D．risk

小题7:

A．bigger

B．small

C．local

D．private

小题8:

A．If

B．While

C．Unless

D．Until

小题9:

A．businessman

B．college student

C．athlete

D．announcer

小题10:

A．his

B．her

C．their

D．its

小题11:

A．applied for

B．accepted

C．considered

D．refused

小题12:

A．blamed

B．suggested

C．reminded

D．persuade

小题13:

A．listened to

B．found

C．tried

D．expected

小题14:

A．became

B．turned

C．went

D．boiled

小题15:

A．lift

B．director

C．result

D．reply

小题16:

A．radio

B．directing

C．football

D．broadcasting

小题17:

A．live

B．imaginary

C．exciting

D．lively

小题18:

A．join in

B．miss

C．broadcast

D．organize

小题19:

A．as

B．then

C．when

D．though

小题20:

A．dream

B．aim

C．life

D．failure

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第二部分：阅读理解（共两节；满分35 分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面四篇短文，从每小题后的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
WASHINGTON -Tofu（豆腐）and Soyaburgers (豆饼) may be coming to American school lunch menus. What will the kids say? “Terrible,” said Greg Dudzinski, 17, of Ripon High School in Wisconsin, as he toured the US capital.
“The regular hamburgers are bad enough, so soyaburgers would be a lot worse, offered Zach Richey, 13, of Scottsboro Junior High in Alabama, another tourist. But the United States government – hoping to reduce the amount of fat that children are eating –has approved the use of soy as a meat substitute in meals for schools and day-care centers.Not all kids dislike the change. Mariel Spano, 17, of sandy Greek High School in New York, also visiting the capital, said she likes soyaburgers：“There is less fat, and they are better for you… They taste the same, and they are just as good.”
The government tried to make soy a meat substitute nearly 20 years ago, but later dropped the idea．At the time, the plan was intended as a cost-cutting move. US Agriculture Department officials say that their purpose now is only to make meals healthier.Schools are likely to increase the amount of soy that is mixed with hamburgers and other foods already on their menus, and they will also be looking for food companies to develop new soy products that children will like. “I can’t see putting tofu on a student’s plate and having a good acceptance. I can see taking a product that is familiar to the students and adding a large amount of soy to it and having it to be acceptable,” said Jill Benza, director of food services for the Mesa, Arizona schools.
36．What is the newspaper report mainly about?
A．The difficulty in using soy products for US schools.
B．Various opinions on soy products for US schools.
C．The plan that is made by the US government for school lunch.
D．Healthy foods for students in US schools.
37．Where did the interviews most probably take place?
A．In food companies.            B．In schools.
C．In Washington.                D．In some other states.
38．We may learn from the text that _________________________.
A．soyaburgers taste better than hamburgers.
B．hamburgers are healthier than soyaburgers.
C．soyaburgers cost less than hamburgers.
D．hamburgers cost less than soyaburgers.
39． What Jill Benza said shows that ___________________________.
A．students have not yet been used to soy products.
B．it is hardly possible to make soy products popular.
C．he does not like the change in meals for students.
D．schools are unwilling to change the lunch menus.

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WHAT can help you make a fortune in the future? Graduating from a top university might not be enough．A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you have in school, the more money you’ll earn later．
The idea that popularity could have a serious impact on one’s earning potential shouldn’t come as too much of a surprise．The researchers noted that if you want to get_ahead in life, social skills and networking are easily as powerful as talent and hard work．
“If a person has lots of friends, he or she has the ability to get along with others in all kinds of different situations,” said Xu Yan, 17, from Nantou High School in Shenzhen, who totally agreed with the recent finding．“Also, friends always help each other．They not only create wider social circles for you but lift your mood when you occasionally feel depressed．” She believed that all this helps you “earn a higher salary”．
Maybe that’s why some people think the younger generations are in the age of Friendalholism （交友狂症）．A woman even complained that the networking website Facebook’s 5000-friend limit was too low for her large reserve of social contacts．
But Meghan Daum, who works with The Los Angeles Times in the US, disliked the idea that quantity trumps （胜过） quality in the age of Friendaholism．“Call me uncool, but I think of a friend as an actual person with whom I have an actual history and whom I enjoy actually seeing．” said Daum．She admitted that some Internet social networkers just want to get as many of not-really-friends as possible．Although she agreed that social ties grease （润滑） the wheels of life, she also warned, “Finding a real friend is something that really matters．”
63．What CANNOT be learned about friends from the passage?
A．They enlarge social circles for you．
B．They offer encouragement when you are upset．
C．Only talented friends help you to earn success．
D．Friends enable you to overcome difficulties．
64．In the age of Friendalholism, ________．
A．there are networking websites to help people make friends
B．a person with popularity is sure to enter a top university
C．facebook helps social networkers make as many friends as possible
D．there are always more not-really-friends than actual ones
65．The underlined words probably mean ________．
A．expect B．struggle C．graduate D．succeed
66．Meghan Daum holds the attitude towards making friends that ________．
A．actual friends outweigh not-really-friends
B．the more friends one has, the better
C．friends can help make a big fortune
D．social relations can hardly make one’s life better

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