阅读理解 Half of the world"s population is affected by Asian monsoons(季风), but m
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Half of the world"s population is affected by Asian monsoons(季风), but monsoons are difficult to
predict. American researchers have put together a 700-year record of the rainy seasons, which is
expected to provide guidance for experts making weather predictions.
Every year, moist (潮湿的)air masses,known as monsoon,produce large amounts of rainfall in India,
East Asia, Northern Australia and East Africa. All this wet air is pulled in by a high pressure area over the
Indian Ocean and a low pressure area to the south.
According to Edward Cook , a weather expert at Columbia University in New York., the complex
nature of the climate systems across Asia makes monsoons hard to predict. In addition, climate records
for the area are too recent and not detailed enough to be of much use. Therefore, he and a team of
researchers spent more than fifteen years traveling across Asia, looking for trees old enough to provide
long-term records. They measured the rings, or circles, inside thousands of ancient trees in more than
300 places.
Rainfall has a direct link to the growth and width of rings on some kinds of trees. The researchers
developed a document they are calling a Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas. It shows the effect of monsoons
over seven centuries, beginning in the 1300s.
Professor Cook says the tree-ring records show periods of wet and dry weather. "If the monsoon
basically fails or is a very weak one, the trees affected by monsoons at that location might put on a very
narrow ring. But if the monsoon is very strong, the trees affected by that monsoon might put on a wide
ring for that year. So, the wide and narrow ring widths of the chronology that we developed in Asia
provide us with a measure of monsoon variability." With all this information, researchers say they can
begin to improve computer climate models for predicting the behavior of monsoons.
"There has been widespread famine and starvation and human dying in the past in large droughts.
And on the other hand, if the monsoon is particularly heavy, it can cause extensive flooding." said Eugene Wahl, a scientist with America"s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "So, to get a sense
of what the regional moisture patterns have been, dryness and wetness over such a long period of time
in great detail, I would call it a kind of victory for climate science."
B. The necessity of weather forecast.
C. The achievements of Edward cook.
D. A breakthrough in monsoon prediction.
B. they are formed under complex climate systems.
C. they influence many nations.
D. there is heavy rainfall in Asia.
B. The Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas has a monsoon record for about 1,300 years.
C. The trees affected by monsoon grow fast if the monsoon is weak.
D. The rainfall might be low although the monsoon is strong in monsoon-affected areas.
B. have a great influence on the regional climate.
C. offer people information about the regional climate.
D. reflect all kinds of regional climate information.
B. It should include information about human life in the past.
C. It has analysed moisture models world wide,
D. It will help people prevent droughts and floods.
B. Pessimistic
C. Humorous
D. Friendly.
答案
举一反三
"Why not make shoes for dogs?" the 10-year-old boy thought. For most kids, the moment might have
ended right here. But for Arjun and five of his classmates from Littleton School, an accidental idea proved
talent when they won first place at the first-ever Student Inventors Day at the Liberty Science Center in
Jersey City. The winning invention, "Green Paws"-an eco-friendly dog shoe made from bark, three leaves and recycled rubber-got the group a $1,000 prize, two television appearances and a shot at being the
next "As Seen on TV" hit product.
More than 20 schools, most of them from New Jersey, gathered at the center to show their green
inventions. Each team had 10 minutes to introduce their inventions to the judges. In the end, the chief
judge Khubani announced that it was the Green Paws product that stood out, particularly because his
company had been looking into the very idea of how to keep paws clean.
Pet products are usually popular sellers, he said, noting that his company has marked four new pet
inventions this year alone. And while his senior managers had put forward the idea of new paw wipes,
they had never thought of pet shoes, he said.
"We thought about cleaning pets" paws, but we never thought about keeping them clean in the first
place." Khubani said after the event. "They actually have an idea that is marketable." The company will
begin conducting market research on Green Paws this week, he said. But Arjun and his team will have to
put off another day before they receive congratulations from their classmates.
B. That Khubani"s company invited him and his classmates to invent it
C. That his pet dog made the floor dirty with dirty paws
D. That his parents encouraged him to be a great inventor
B. most children think twice before taking action
C. most children end their fresh ideas with actions
D. most children don"t translate their ideas into action
B. To praise Arjun"s talent in invention.
C. To complain his employees are not creative.
D. To explain what is the "aha" moment.
B. They hope to produce more "Paws" to make profits
C. They hope to ensure the fairness of the competition
D. They plan to find the carbon footprint of "Green Paws"
environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes.
To some degree our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can
make a genius (天才) out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who
lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied
surroundings. Thus the limits of a person"s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he
reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts can be
supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to say that intelligence is to some degree something we are born with. The closer the
blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we
take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence
will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins, they will very likely
be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have
similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine that now we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might
send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We
would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as
birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact
with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
writer wants to prove _________.
B. intelligence can be developed by environment
C. intelligence can be developed by experience
D. education plays an important part in the development of education
B. he can break the limits of intelligence fixed at birth
C. his family is rich and provides him with various healthy food
D. these surroundings are likely to help him reach the limits of their intelligence
B. environment plays the most important role in the development of intelligence
C. education plays the most important role in the development of intelligence
D. birth plays the most important role in the development of intelligence
B. Birth and Environment
C. Intelligence
D. Intelligence and Education
多余项.
| A.The spreading tea B.The history of tea growing C.Changes of tastes for drinks D.Reducing cancer risks E.The plant Camellia sinensis F.A woman"s opinion of tea |
| 阅读理解 |
| No one wants to be tested. We would all like to get a driver" s license without answering questions about rights of way or showing that we can parallel park a car. Many future lawyers and doctors probably wish they could join their profession without taking an exam. But tests and standards are a necessary fact of life. They protect us from unskilled drivers, harmful products and dishonest professionals. In schools too exams play a constructive role. They tell public officials whether new school programs are making a difference and where new investments are likely to pay off. They tell teachers what their students have learned -- and have not. They tell parents how their children are doing compared with others of their age. They encourage students to make more effort. It is important to recall that for most of this century, educators used intelligence tests to decide which children should get a high - quality education. The point of IQ testing was to find out how much children were capable of learning rather than to test what they had actually learned. Based on IQ scores, millions of children were assigned to dumbed-down programs instead of solid courses in science, math, history, literature and foreign language. This history reminds us that tests should be used to improve education. Every child should have access to a high-quality education. Students should have full opportunity to learn what will be tested; otherwise their scores will merely reflect whether they come from an educated family. In the past few years, we have seen the enormous benefits that flow to disadvantaged students because of the information provided by state tests. Those who fall behind are now getting extra instruction in after-school classes and summer programs. In their efforts to improve student performance, states are increasing teachers" salaries, testing new teachers and insisting on better teacher education. Performance in education means the mastery of both knowledge and skills. This is why it is reasonable to test teachers to make sure they know their subject matter, as well as how to teach it to young children. And this is why it is reasonable to assess whether students are ready to advance to the next grade or graduate from high school. 1. According to the passage, school exams enable ______. A. teachers to understand if their students have made efforts B. parents to compare their kids" behavior across schools C. students to meet their teachers" requirements D. governments to make right policies 2. "Dumbed - down programs" in Paragraph 3 refer to the programs which . A. lead to high-quality education B. are less academically challenging C. are intended for intelligent students D. enable children to make steady progress 3. Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A. Disadvantaged students can benefit from state tests. B. Tests should focus on what students have actually learned. C. Intelligent tests decide if children should get a high - quality education. D. Intelligent tests are helpful in separating excellent students from poor ones. 4. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To re-assess the value of IQ testing. B. To defend the role of testing in education. C. To explain what high-quality education means. D. To call for thorough and complete reform in education. |
A quarrel at home may result in you falling ill. Don"t laugh, it"s true. Family matters including living habits and even the way we speak have a big effect on our health, doctors say. Wang Xiaoyu, a Senior 2 girl from Xichang, Sichuan Province, fainted (晕倒) in class when she heard her classmates quarrel at the top of their voices. Quarrels between her parents also put the girl into a coma. It is because she is suffering from depression (抑郁症), caused by bad relations at home, doctors explained. "We don"t get sick or stay well by ourselves," says Dr Robert Ferrer from the US. Ferrer shows that family forces may explain up to a quarter of health problems, in his recent research. The genes you get from your family may cause illness. If one of your parents has a heart attack, your risk of being affected may double. But effects on health are not only written in our DNA. Unrelated people who live under the same roof also get similar problems. Diet, lifestyle and environment affect our health, too. Ferrer"s research also found that if teenagers feel they are ignored or unimportant at home they are more likely to get sick. We may never fully understand all the effects that families have on our health. But just as individual (个别的) problems can have effects on others, a small improvement can have big benefits, Ferrer said. |
| 1. Which of the following can best explain why Wang Xiaoyu fainted in class? |
A. Because her classmates often quarreled in class.B. Because her parents used to quarrel. C. Because of her depression caused by bad family relations. D. Because her classmates shouted loudly at her. |
| 2. According to Dr Ferrer, which of the following statements is TRUE? |
| A. We get sick or stay well by ourselves. B. Only the genes we get from our family have a big effect on our health. C. Our health has nothing to do with diet, lifestyle and environment. D. Teenagers who are ignored at home get sick more easily than those who are not. |
| 3. The underlined word "coma" in Paragraph2 probably means ________. |
| A. surprise B. faint C. tiredness D. sadness |
| 4. The best title for this passage is ________. |
| A. Family relations. B. The reasons why we get sick. C. Family—another cause to health D. A research about health. |