阅读理解 Sleeping in on Saturday after a few weeks of too little shuteye may fee
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| 阅读理解 |
Sleeping in on Saturday after a few weeks of too little shuteye may feel refreshing,but it can give a false
sense of security.
New research shows longterm sleep loss cannot be cured that easily.Scientists researched the effects of
shortand longterm sleep loss and found that those who suffer longterm sleep loss may function normally so
on after waking up,but experience steadily slower reaction times as the day goes by,even if they had tried
to catch up the previous night.
The research has important safety significances in an increasingly busy society,not just for shiftworkers
but for the roughly one in six Americans who regularly get six hours or less of sleep a night.
"We know that staying awake 24 hours without sleep will affect your performance to do all sorts of
things,and this effect equals to drinking too much when driving," said lead researcher Dr Daniel Cohen of
Boston"s Brigham and Women"s Hospital. But when those who suffer longterm sleep loss become
allnighters,"the harm is increased ten times," Cohen said.
The National Institutes of Health says adults need seven hours to nine hours of sleep for good health.
Regularly getting too little sleep increases the risk of health problems,including memory impairment and a
weakened immune system.More immediately,too little sleep affects reaction times；sleepiness is to blame
for car crashes and other accidents.
It has critically important complicated and unexpected results for anyone who works "crazy hours" and
thinks they are performing fine with a few hours of weeknight sleep,said Harris,director at New York"s
Montefiore Medical Center."Don"t think you can just bank_up your sleep on the weekend,because it
doesn"t work that way," he warned. |
| 1．The text mainly advises people________. |
A．to sleep more time
B．to sleep in on Saturday
C．to sleep scientifically
D．to sleep little on weekend |
| 2．People with longterm sleep loss________. |
A．are quicker in thinking
B．may feel refreshed soon after waking up
C．are surely energetic
D．can have a strong sense of security |
| 3．What can we learn from the text? |
A．Most of the Americans get six hours or less of sleep a night.
B．Staying up is worse for those who suffer longterm sleep loss.
C．Traffic accidents have little to do with sleepiness.
D．One in six Americans are allnighters. |
| 4．Which of the following is the immediate effect of longterm sleep loss? |
A．Health problems
B．Immune system
C．Reaction times
D．Memory impairment |
| 5．The underlined phrase "bank up" in the last paragraph most probably means________. |
A．accumulate
B．recover
C．allocate
D．credit |
答案
| 1-5.CBBCA |
举一反三
| 阅读理解. |
[1] There is always a way to be friends with everyone.Don"t be afraid to talk to people.
Meeting strangers is the best way to make new friends!
[2] If the group you want to be friends with is a shy group,and you"re a little more sociable,
never ask them "Why don"t you talk?" or "Why are you quiet?" They hate that.It"s rude.Don"t
do it.If you"re shy and you want to get into a sociable group,then just try to get a little attention,
but try not to overdo it.No one likes a showoff.And remember that each group will be different.
Observe what is appropriate for each group,and act accordingly,but don"t change yourself
just to fit in.
[3] Always be outgoing,and going out.Be outgoing,and you will ____________within a
group.Go out a lot so that you will hang out with different groups.Being friends with everyone
is time and energy consuming,because you must be friendly,outgoing,and willing to hang out,
leaving very little time to yourself.That is something you have to consider before going and
trying to be so popular.
[4] However,being friends with everyone can be difficult.You may feel torn between
friends；who to hang out with if it can"t be done at once.And if for any reason you cannot
continue with the demanding time schedule,friends will fade rapidly.Make_sure_to_have a_
couple_strong friends,or_it_may_be possible_for_all_of_your_friends_to_become_just_
acquaintances.
[5] Just remember:Don"t forget who your real friends are.Don"t become friends with
someone just because they are a cheerleader or really popular.
1．What"s the best title of this passage?(Please answer within 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2．Which sentence(s) in this passage could be replaced by the following one?
Though you should make some necessary changes in making friends,you still stick to
who you are.
________________________________________________________________________
3．Fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words to complete the sentence.(Please
answer within 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4．What"s your advice about making friends with others?Why?(Please answer within 30 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5．Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.
________________________________________________________________ |
| 阅读理解 |
A university math tutor has discovered the science behind "singledom",finding that our chances of finding
the perfect partner are just 1 in 285,000.Peter Backus,a tutor at the University of Warwick,published his
"Why I Don"t Have a Girlfriend" paper after a threeyear love drought.
His unconventional study uses a famous math formula called The Drake Equation (德雷克等式),which
was first used to estimate the existence of extraterrestrial (地球以外) life.
The results don"t look promising for British singles.30yearold Mr Backus found that out of the 30 million
women in the UK,only 26 would be suitable girlfriends for him.
The dull equation takes into account the number of women aged 24 to 34, living in his home city of
London,and who are single,meaning his chances of meeting his dream woman on a night out are slim.
The economics expert said: " There are 26 women in London with whom I might have a wonderful
relationship.So, on a given night out in London there is a 0.0000034% chance of meeting one of these
special people.That"s a 1 in 285,000 chance,so it"s not great."
The puzzling Drake equation reads: N＝R* x Fp x Ne x Fi x Fc x L,and helped pioneering scientist
Professor Drake to predict that there could be 10,000 civilizations in our galaxy.
Mr Backus simply replaced the original equation with his own criteria for a dream date,which included
the percentage of women likely to find him attractive,and the number of girls aged 24～34 in London.He
said:"The research may sound depressing to people looking for love,but the_good_news_for_singles is,it"s
probably not your fault!" |
| 1．Mr Backus" discovery in this passage is mainly concerned about________. |
A．whether there exists life out of our planet
B．the possibility of his being able to find love
C．how to get rid of singledom
D．what math can do to serve our daily life |
| 2．What does Mr Backus think of the result of his research? |
A．Optimistic.
B．Depressing.
C．Unrealistic.
D．Exciting. |
| 3．What can we learn from the first paragraph? |
A．Mr Backus" major research field is "singledom"．
B．Mr Backus found a girlfriend three years ago.
C．Mr Backus" new thesis will surely be well received.
D．Mr Backus has been searching for love for long. |
| 4．By "the good news for singles" in the last sentence,Mr Backus probably mean________. |
A．you don"t have to blame yourself for remaining single
B．maybe the discovery is not reliable at all
C．the result was based on his own criteria
D．there might be more dream date out of London |
| 5．Which of the following statements is true? |
A．This passage could be published in a scientific magazine.
B．The passage intends to prove there are other civilizations.
C．The writer doesn"t really understand the Drake equation.
D．Most women in London are not suitable for university teachers. |
| 阅读理解 |
None of our early ancestors could digest milk as adults because their bodies never had to-milk drinking simply wasn"t an option.As people began to extract milk from animals,though,some people developed the
ability to keep drinking it throughout their lives.
Scientists now know of a milkrelated mutation (变异) in our genes-the chemical instructions for life that we carry in almost every cell in our bodies.People who have a mutated form of one particular gene can
drink milk just fine.People without the mutation tend to get sick from milk.
To figure out where,and possibly why,milk drinking started,some scientists have been looking at who
has the milkdigesting mutation today.Patterns are striking.
Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk-and they do.Cheese,butter and
other dairy products are popular in countries such as Sweden,Denmark,Germany and England.Because
European settlers dominated North America,most people here can handle milk just fine,as well.That may
explain why ice cream is such a popular dessert in the United States.
In much of Africa,Asia and South America,on the other hand,people tend to avoid dairy products
because they lead to diarrhea (腹泻) and other stomach problems.(That"s why you won"t typically find
cheese on the menu at a Chinese,Japanese or Ethiopian restaurant.) Native Americans are also unable to
digest milk.
Based on these genetic patterns,scientists have long thought that milk drinking started in Northern
Europe,where dairy is an institution and the milkdigesting mutation is everywhere.
A recent study painted a different picture.With a computer model,Thomas and colleagues looked at the spread of the milkdrinking mutation,farming and other related factors.Working backward,the scientists
concluded that the first milkdrinkers lived in Central Europe around what"s now Hungary about 7,500
years ago.The practice didn"t start farther north,as scientists had thought before. |
|
1. Which of the following is the proper order of events according to the passage?
a. Their children were able to digest milk as adults.
b. They got sick from the milk.
c. Some people got a mutation in their genes.
d. Some people tried drinking milk from animals.
e. Some people started to drink milk from animals on a regular basis. |
A. c→d→b→e→a
B. d→e→b→c→a
C. d→b→e→c→a
D. e→b→d→c→a |
| 2. Most people in the USA can digest milk because________. |
A. they have strong stomachs
B. their ancestors were Europeans
C. that"s where milk drinking started
D. farmers raise a lot of cows there |
| 3. Which of the following is LEAST likely to appear on the menu in a Japanese restaurant? |
A. Butter.
B. Vinegar.
C. Fish.
D. Beef. |
|
| 4. Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with? |
A. Milk drinking first started in Northern Europe.
B. Milk drinking first started in Central Europe.
C. North American Indians were able to digest milk.
D. Dairy products are very popular in North Korea. |
| 5. The main focus of the scientists"research was________. |
A. mutation of human genes
B. development of the human stomach
C. why milk drinking started
D. where milk drinking first started |
West Virginia-Public schools are using a dance video game to help get students in shape. In these
schools, students are often told to turn off their video games and get some exercise. The schools have
found a new way for their students to work out while playing a new video game. West Virginia is one
of the heaviest states in the country. About half of its fifthgraders are considered to be overweight, and
their parents are worried about that. To get them moving on a healthier path, the state"s public schools
are using a video game called "Dance Revolution".
To use the game, players should stand on a special mat in front of a TV screen. Following arrows
on the screen, players must move their feet to the specific symbols on the mat. Players must move
quickly, touching symbols on the mat at just the right time. With each song, they get more exercise.
"If we can get children to change their behavior at a young age, they will hopefully grow up to be
healthy and active adults," said Carl Callison of Mountain State Blue Cross, a health care company.
West Virginia is ranked among the top three heaviest states. About a third of West Virginians are
considered to be obese (肥胖的). Even more are considered to be overweight. Extra weight can lead
to serious health problems such as high blood pressure, diabetes (糖尿病), some cancers, and many
other health issues.
"One out of three children born in West Virginia today will have diabetes by the time they grow up,"
said Nidia Henderson, a manager for the public employees" insurance program. "That"s a terrible thing
and not acceptable."
All of West Virginia"s 157 middle schools are using the video game. School officials hope that all
public schools in the state will use the game within the next three years. However, officials emphasize
that the game is not meant to substitute physical education and health classes. The game will be part of
physical education classes and afterschool programs. |
| 1. Why do public schools in West Virginia develop "Dance Revolution" ? |
A. Because most of the students don"t like dancing.
B. Because it can help students get a better shape.
C. Because losing weight is necessary to students.
D. Because it can make students" activities colorful. |
| 2. The second paragraph mainly talks about________. |
A. how to get more exercise
B. what are needed in the game
C. how to play a dance video game
D. who can practise the game |
| 3. According to the text, which of the following is NOT true? |
A. About one person in three West Virginians is overweight.
B. Overweight may cause a lot of diseases.
C. The problem of students" overweight has been realized.
D. There are only 157 middle schools in West Virginia. |
| 4. The underlined word "substitute" in the last paragraph means "________". |
A. replace
B. change
C. practise
D. stop |
| 5. Which is the best title for the text? |
A. The Problem of Overweight
B. Dancing for Health
C. Overweight in West Virginia
D. A Dance Video Game |
Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly
mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle
often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that_
overconsumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so
much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third
of a typical household"s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged
twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running
out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases
which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The
solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many
supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming
round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for
example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging
with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially
true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more
packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much
unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but
we have a mountain to climb. |
| 1. What does the underlined phrase "that overconsumption" refer to? |
A. Using too much packaging.
B. Recycling too many wastes.
C. Making more products than necessary.
D. Having more material than is needed. |
| 2. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show________. |
A. the tendency of cutting household waste
B. the increase of packaging recycling
C. the rapid growth of supermarkets
D. the fact of packaging overuse |
| 3. According to the text, recycling________. |
A. helps control the greenhouse effect
B. means burning packaging for energy
C. is the solution to gas shortage
D. leads to a waste of land |
| 4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? |
A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D. Other products are better packaged than food. |
| 5. What can we learn from the last paragraph? |
A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.
B. Needless material is mostly recycled.
C. People like collecting recyclable wastes.
D. The author is proud of their consumer culture. |
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