Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take frie
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Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take friendship for granted (理所当然的), we often don"t clearly understand how to make friends. While we get on well with a number of
people,we are usually friends with only a very few. For example,the average among students is about 6
per person. In all the cases of friendly relationships,two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy(亲密) between them and the reasons for their shared interests
varyc变化) greatly. As we get to know people,we think about things like age, race, and the economic
condition. It is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and the
background.
Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to
have similar ideas and beliefs,the same opinions and interests- they often talk about "being on the same
wavelength". It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become,
the more they depend on one another. People who want to be friends have to learn to put up with
annoying habits and to stand differences.
In contrast (比较) with the marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the
associationc友谊) between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results
from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond,which can overcome
differences in the background, and break down barriers(障碍)of age,class or race. |
| 1. According to the passage,_____. |
A. friends are those who must share their interests
B. friends are closer than people who just get on with each other
C. all people know how to make friends
D. every student has six friends |
| 2. We can learn from the passage that _______. |
A.friendship can overcome all differences betweentwo people
B. there are no special ceremonies to strengthen friendship
C. standing differcnces in opinions can lead to friendship
D. friendship can be strengthened by smiles and soft voices |
| 3. When people talk about "being on the same wavelength",thcy mean that they ________ |
A. watch the same TV program
B. are the same in all ways
C. have the same background
D. share the same way of thinkirig and the same interests |
| 4. Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage? |
A. Even friends may havc different opinions.
B. Friends never argue with each other.
C. It generally takes time for people to become close friends.
D. Someone"s habits may make his friends unhappy. |
答案
| 1-4: BBDB |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. Following the rules…planning your
next move…acting as a team member…these are all "game" ideas that you will come across throughout
your life.
Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach
children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns
and cooperating(合作).
Many children"s games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them
for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones, which sharpens the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in hunting.
Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games,
bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the
event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned
it. For countries
experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.
Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on
all continents play it-some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has
discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children with
not only soccer balls but also a promising future.
Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed,
and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life. |
| 1. Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to ________ |
A. be a team leader
B. obey the basic rules
C. act as a grown-up
D. predict possible danger |
| 2. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can ________. |
A. describe life in an exciting way
B. turn real-life experiences into a play
C. make learning life skills more interesting
D. change people"s views of sporting events |
| 3. According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging? |
A. It inspires people"s deep love for the country.
B. It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.
C. It helps the country out of natural disasters.
D. It earns the winners fame and fortune. |
| 4. Iribarne"s goal of fortning the foundation is to __________. |
A. bring fun to poor kids
B. provide soccer balls for children
C. give poor kids a chance for a better life
D. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids |
| 5. What can be inferred from the passage? |
A. Games benefit people all their lives.
B. Sports can get all athletes together.
C. People are advised to play games for fun.
D. Sports increase a country"s competitiveness. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their
cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside
for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you"re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. I you must leave them
outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and
plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig
into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them
with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet"s water. Sometimes owners don"t realize that a
water bowl has frozen and their pet can"t get anything to drink. Animals that don"t have clean and
unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them. |
| 1. What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1? |
A. They are often forgotten by their owners.
B. They are used to living outdoors.
C. They build their won shelter.
D. They like to stay in warm places. |
| 2. Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather? |
A. To know when to bring them inside.
B. To keep them from eating bad food.
C. To help them find shelters.
D. To keep them company. |
| 3. If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ___. |
A. run short of clean water
B. dig deep holes for fun
C. dirty the snow nearby
D. get lost in the wild |
| 4. What is the purpose of this text? |
A. To solve a problem.
B. To give practical advice.
C. To tell an interesting story.
D. To present a research result. |
| 阅读理解。 |
You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be
strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
First, you must ask yourself, "Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or
from the side?" You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let"s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the
same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度)
to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail
half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45 ° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch
the wind, but it shouldn"t flap (摆动). It shouldn"t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out
too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want
to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can"t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction
and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside
the boat. |
| 1. What should you consider first while sailing? |
A. Sailors" strength.
B. Wave levels.
C. Wind directions.
D. Size of sails. |
| 2. What does the word "It" underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to? |
A. The boat.
B. The wind.
C. The sail.
D. The angle. |
| 3. What do you have to do when sailing against the wind? |
A. Move in a straight line.
B. Allow the sail to flap.
C. Lower the sail.
D. Tack the boat. |
| 4. Where can you probably find the text? |
A. In a popular magazine.
B. In a tourist guidebook.
C. In a physics textbook.
D. In an official report. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Make Up Your Mind to Succeed
Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation
born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down
because "everyone"s winter." And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before.
As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them "the overpraised generation."
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out
two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here"s how they work:
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic - you"re a born artist, point guard,
or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it"s sure to succeed without much effort and regards
failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it"s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from
future difficulties.
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and
learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn"t on the line as much, the growth mind-set
sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it"s quick to rethink, change and
try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn"t be able to live in the world.) But
parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and
misdirecting praise. Dweck"s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional
program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make
sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure. |
| 1. What does the author think about the present generation? |
A. They don"t do well at school.
B. They are often misunderstood.
C. They are eager to win in sports.
D. They are given too much praise. |
| 2. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ . |
A. doesn"t want to work hard
B. cares a lot about personal safety
C. cannot share his ideas with others
D. can succeed with the help of teachers |
| 3. What does the growth mind-set believe? |
A. Admitting failure is shameful.
B. Talent comes with one"s birth.
C. Scores should be highly valued.
D. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable. |
| 4. What should parents do for their children based on Dweck"s study? |
A. Encourage them to learn from failures.
B. Prevent them from making mistakes.
C. Guide them in doing little things.
D. Help them grow with praise. |
| 阅读理解。 |
In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)said that they
have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.
Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online
through a new $60 million program, known as edX. "Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses," Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the
plan.
MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more
than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the
school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who
complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a
similar program.
The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.
MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course.
She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source
edX platform.
"Fasten your seatbelts," Hockfield said.
Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with
teaching to a global population online.
The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit (非盈利的) organization based in
Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30
million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and
which teaching methods and tools are most successful. |
| 1. According to this text, edX is _______. |
A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare
B. a free computer program by MIT and Harvard
C. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses
D. a free program online for universities worldwide |
| 3. What is said about online education in the text? |
A. Universities have been trying online courses.
B. About 2,000 online courses have been offered.
C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.
D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX. |
| 3. The underlined part in the text probably means " ". |
A. Get ready for the difficulties
B. Get ready for this educational change
C. Get prepared to complete the online courses
D. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses |
| 4. What can be said about MITx according to the text? |
A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.
B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.
C. It is a standard to recognize online learners" achievement.
D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT. |
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