"Children should not be left unsupervised (无人监督的) to play with a dog." say expe
题型：不详难度：来源：
"Children should not be left unsupervised (无人监督的) to play with a dog." say experts in this week"s British Medical Journal. Their advice is part of a review aimed at doctors who deal with dog bites.
"Dog bites and maulings are a worldwide problem, particularly in children." write Marina Morgan and John Palmer. Every year 250,000 people who have been bitten by dogs attend minor injuries and emergency units in the United Kingdom, and half of all children are reportedly bitten by dogs at some time, boys more than girls.
Accurate death figures are difficult to obtain, but in the past five years, two to three cases a year have made news headlines.
Based on the latest medical evidence, they advise doctors how to examine and treat a patient presenting with a dog bite. They discuss the risk of infection and when to refer to specialist care. For travelers bitten abroad, they suggest assessing the risk of rabies(狂犬病).
In terms of prevention, they suggest that children should be taught to treat dogs with respect, avoid direct eye contact, and not tease them. They should be taught not to approach an unfamiliar dog; play with any dog unless under close supervision; run or scream in the presence of a dog; pet a dog without first letting it sniff you; or disturb a dog that is eating, sleeping, or caring for its babies.
"Dog owners also need to change their behavior", says Rachel Besser, a children"s doctor and lifetime dog owner, in an article.
"It is clear that not all dog owners appreciate that children should not be left unsupervised with a dog", she says. Just as some parents are obliged to take parenting classes, she would like to see compulsive classes for expectant dog owners to teach them about the responsibilities of dog ownership. Educational programs are also needed to teach children about some precautionary （预防的) behaviors around dogs.
Finally, she would like to see animal doctors advising dog owners about bite prevention, and doctors promoting bite prevention when treating patients who have been bitten by dogs.
小题1:Dog biting is a problem which _____.| A．only happens to a few children | B．should be paid attention to | | C．only boys may meet with | D．has made news headlines |
小题2:The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refers to "________" .
A. doctors B. parents C. experts D dog owners
小题3:To avoid dog bites, a child should be taught to_____.| A．have direct eye contact | B．approach an unfamiliar dog | | C．run or scream in the presence of a dog | D．leave a dog feeding itself |
小题4:What are Rachel Besser"s words mainly about?| A．It"s necessary to teach children how to raise dogs. | | B．Children should be taught not to play with dogs. | | C．All the dog owners would like to attend classes on caring for dogs. | | D．Some dog owners would like children to be left unsupervised with a dog. |
小题5:Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?| A．Dogs, Dangerous To Children | | B．Children Should Know Behaviors Around Dogs | | C．Doctors, Treat Dog Bites Correctly | | D．Never Leave Children Unsupervised With Dogs |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:D
小题5:D |
解析
小题1:推理题。根据文章第二段内容可知这个问题应该被关注。
小题2:猜测词义题。根据上下文可知这里的they就是指专家，专家建议医生如何进行诊断，如何进行治疗，讨论了感染的危险等。
小题3:细节题。根据文章第5段内容最后一句without first letting it sniff you; or disturb a dog that is eating, sleeping, or caring for its babies.可知当狗在吃东西的时候，不要去打扰它，故D正确。
小题4:细节题。根据倒数第二段第一行"It is clear that not all dog owners appreciate that children should not be left unsupervised with a dog可知有一些狗主人在无人监管的情况下让孩子和狗在一起。
小题5:主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者认为千万不能在无人监管的情况下让孩子和狗在一起。 |
举一反三
When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn"t understand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laughs turned into crying.
So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing are controlled by the same part of the brain. Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so does crying.
Whatever helps us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to work well. One study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying.
Besides, tears attract help from other people. Researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendlier and they are more ready to provide support and comfort. Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we don"t even know we"re very sad until we cry. We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them.
Just as crying can be healthy, not crying---holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering---can be bad for physical health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can 1ead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illness. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don"t fight it. It"s a natural, healthy and emotional response.
小题1:Why didn"t the author cry when her grandmother died?| A．Because her father did not want her to feel too sad. | | B．Because she did not love her grandmother. | | C．Because she was too shy to cry at that time. | | D．The author doesn"t give the explanation. |
小题2:It can be inferred from the text that _______________________.| A．there are two ways to keep healthy | | B．emotional health has a close relationship to physical health | | C．crying and laughing play the same roles | | D．crying does more good to health than laughing |
小题3:According to the author, which of the following statements is true?| A．Crying is the best way to get help from others. | | B．Fighting back tears may cause some health problems. | | C．We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry. | | D．We must cry if we want to reduce pressure |
小题4:What might be the most suitable title for the text?| A．Why We Cry | B．How to Keep Healthy | | C．Power of Tears | D．New Scientific Discovery |
小题5:What is the author"s attitude to "crying"?| A．Positive. | B．Negative. | C．Touched. | D．Upset. |
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Health experts are calling for action to expand cancer care and control in the developing world. A medical research paper says cancer was once thought of as a problem mostly in the developed world. But now cancer is a leading cause of death and disability in poor countries as well. Experts from Harvard University and other organizations urge the international community to fight cancer aggressively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa.
Cancer kills more than 7.5 million people a year worldwide. Almost two-thirds are in low-income and middle-income countries.
They discover cancer dills more people in developing countries than AIDS, tuberculosis (肺结核) and malaria (疟疾) combined. But the world spends only 5% of its cancer resources in those countries.
Felicia Knaul from Harvard Medical School was one of the authors of the paper. She was in Mexico when she was found to have breast cancer. She received treatment there and her experience showed her the sharp difference between the rich and the poor in treating breast cancer.
Felicia Knaul says, “And we are seeing how this is attacking young women. It’s the number two cause of death in Mexico for women thirty to fifty-four. All over the developing world, it’s the number one cancer-related death among young women. I think we have to again say that there is much more we could do about it than we are doing about it.”
Professor Knalul met community health workers during her work in developing countries. They were an important part of efforts to reduce deaths from the cancer. They were able to persuade people to get tested to prevent the illness. The experts say cancer care does not have to be costly. For example, patients can be treated with lower-cost drugs.
小题1:What would be the best title for the passage?| A．Cancer – a leading cause of death in poor countries | | B．What should we do in preventing and treating cancer? | | C．What makes the first killer in developing countries? | | D．Experts urge more efforts to fight cancer in poor countries. |
小题2:Felicia Knaul’s experience in Mexico shows that .| A．many Mexican women suffer from breast cancer | | B．there is not enough medicine for cancer there | | C．many Mexican women can’t afford medical care | | D．patients with breast cancer are treated differently |
小题3:From what Felicia Knaul says, we can draw the conclusion that .| A．breast cancer is a great threat to young women | | B．people don’t pay enough attention to breast cancer | | C．breast cancer is the second killer among women in Mexico | | D．effective treatment for breast cancer is available in developing countries |
小题4:Who plays an important part in preventing the cancer in developing countries?| A．The cancer patients. | | B．The health experts. | | C．Community health workers. | | D．Young women. |
小题5:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．The number of cancer cases is decreasing. | | B．HIV/AIDS is not being taken seriously in Africa. | | C．Over 7.5 million people die of cancer every year. | | D．It is very expensive to treat cancer. |
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There are many ways to keep kids of all ages physically fit besides sports.
If your child is a natural athlete or ___1____ lover, he or she is probably already active and __2___ easy to get moving. But if, like me, you are the parent of a junior sofa potato, complete with a(n) __3____ controller in one hand and a bag of potato chips in the other, you know what it is like to have your ___4__ to go outside to play met with, at best, silence or at worst, cry and ___5___.
If logic, threats and lectures on health don’t work, turn to __6___: trick him or her into liking by making it into fun. __7____ enjoyment, not pressure or physical fitness or anything that seems to be “good for you”. That is where the dancing and nature walks ___8____. Health experts say that the answer to the question, “Which type of exercise is best for my child?” is “Whichever one he or she likes best.” It doesn’t have to be swimming or soccer or gymnastics. ____9___ play, especially with the rest of the family, will ___10___ the body’s requirements for regular aerobic movement (有氧运动) just well, and won’t ever seem like exercising.
___11____, if nature is an interest, walk vigorously around finding every leaf, insect, and _12___ print in the park. If rock radio is the station of choice, ___13____ to the music. Get the family members playing catch, touch football together. Organize a(n) __14____ science group to walk around your neighborhood and pick your rubbish. Make every trip to the pool an excuse for playing games in the water together.
Remember that the goal is to set a pattern for lifelong fitness. And if you don’t make it _15___, kids are never going to keep it up.
| 小题1: | | A．music | B．art | C．sports | D．literature |
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| 小题2: | | A．presently | B．relatively | C．eventually | D．feasibly |
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| 小题3: | | A．air-conditioner | B．cooking stove | | C．electrical-appliance | D．video-game |
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| 小题4: | | A．advice | B．account | C．education | D．promise |
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| 小题5: | | A．protest | B．approve | C．accuse | D．propose |
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| 小题6: | | A．treatment | B．philosophy | C．democracy | D．psychology |
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| 小题7: | | A．Reduce | B．Abandon | C．Emphasize | D．Response |
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| 小题8: | | A．give in | B．come in | C．result in | D．believe in |
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| 小题9: | | A．Active | B．Fair | C．Passive | D．Rough |
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| 小题10: | | A．grasp | B．outline | C．explain | D．satisfy |
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| 小题11: | | A．For example | B．By contrast | C．In proportion | D．At most |
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| 小题12: | | A．criminal | B．animal | C．finger | D．color |
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| 小题13: | | A．listen | B．adjust | C．move | D．attend |
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| 小题14: | | A．military | B．environment | C．economic | D．political |
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| 小题15: | | A．enjoyment | B．regulation | C．strictness | D．discipline |
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LONDON—Life for Cathy Hagner and her three children is set to permanent(永久的) fast-forward.
Their full school day and her job as a lawyer"s assistant are busy enough. But Hagner also has to take the two boys to soccer or hockey or basketball while dropping off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club.
Often, the exhausted family doesn"t get home until 7 pm. There is just time for a quick supper before homework. In today"s world, middle-class American and British parents treat their children as if they are competitors racing for some finishing line.
Parents take their children from activity to activity in order to make their future bright. It seems that raising a genius has become a more important goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child.
"Doctors across the country are reporting a growing number of children suffering from stomachaches and headaches due to exhaustion and stress," says child expert William Doherty of the University of Minnesota.
Teachers are dealing with exhausted kids in the classroom. It"s a very serious problem. Many children attend after-school clubs by necessity. But competitive pressures also create an explosion of activities. They include sports, language, music and math classes for children as young as four.
"There is a new parenting trend under way which says that you have to tap all your child"s potential at a young age; otherwise you will let him down,” says Terry Alter, a Cambridge-based child and adolescent psychiatrist （青少年精神病专家）
"It isn"t entirely new: there have always been pushy parents. But what was previously seen as strange behaviour is now well accepted."
小题1:From the second paragraph of this passage we can find that ______.| A．Hagner wastes much time helping her children"s lessons | | B．Hagner doesn"t spend much time on her full-time job | | C．Hagner is interested in spots and music | | D．Hagner busies herself by following a trend |
小题2:British parents, as the writer described in this passage, _____.| A．treat their children as spots players | | B．pay no attention to their children"s lessons | | C．bring up their children in a simple way | | D．give their children little time to develop freely |
小题3:The writer"s opinion about after-school clubs is that ______.| A．activities in the country are too competitive | | B．children should attend four clubs at a time | | C．some clubs result in competitive pressures | | D．clubs should have more subjects for school children |
小题4:The last paragraph tells us that in Britain ______.| A．parents used to take their children to every club | | B．parents used to be wise on how to raise children | | C．parents have all benefited from children"s clubs | | D．parents have come to know the standard of education |
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Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes your heart and body strong. Children who often exercise are more alert (灵活). This means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who don’t exercise.
There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following ways; you have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough— but not too much. It’s best to exercise twice each week, Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or even three sports that feel right for you.
You can exercise at fitness centers. They have a lot of equipment（设备）there. The equipment will help to exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you fit. Some people buy equipment for their homes. But it is very expensive.
Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?
小题1:In the text, the writer tells us that we all need to .| A．drink | B．sleep | C．exercise | D．work |
小题2:Which of the following sports is not mentioned (提到) in the next?| A．Fishing | B．Running | C．Swimming | D．Walking |
小题3:The words “fitness centers” in the next mean .小题4:The sentence, Children who often exercise are more alert, tells us that people who often exercise can do better in .| A．running | B．skate | C．swim | D．studies |
小题5:Exercising can be fun, because .| A．it makes your heart and body strong | | B．it makes you study better | | C．people can buy equipment for their home | | D．friends can play sports together |
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