Several years ago, a well- known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very il
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Several years ago, a well- known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly tired. It was difficult for him to even 1 around. His doctors told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually 2 from the disease. He was told he had only a 1 in 60 3 of survival.
4 the diagnosis( 诊断) , Cousins was determined to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in 5 and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative( 消极的) 6 . The book made Cousins think about the possible 7 _ of positive attitudes and emotions. He thought, “Is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the will to live have positive treatment value?”
He decided to focused all his 8 on positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that would bring about positive emotions. “Laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. He 9 time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out positive emotions. Within eight days of starting his “Laugh therapy” program his pain began to 10 and he was able to sleep more easily. He was able to return to work in a few months’ time and actually achieved complete recovery after a few years.
小题1:1.| A．run | B．pass | C．move | D．travel |
| 小题2: | | A．suffer | B．die | C．separate | D．recover |
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| 小题3: | | A．time | B．value | C．chance | D．opportunity |
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| 小题4: | | A．A part from | B．In spite of | C．Instead of | D．Rather than |
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| 小题5: | | A．medicine | B．sports | C．books | D．chemistry |
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| 小题6: | | A．attitude | B．beliefs | C．goals | D．positions |
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| 小题7: | | A．shortcomings | B．harm | C．benefits | D．interests |
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| 小题8: | | A．money | B．time | C．hobbies | D．attention |
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| 小题9: | | A．afforded | B．appointed | C．offered | D．arranged |
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| 小题10: | | A．escape | B．decrease | C．increase | D．end |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:A
小题6:A
小题7:C
小题8:D
小题9:D
小题10:B |
解析
本文讲的是著名的作家兼编辑Norman Cousins身患重病，随时都有失去行动的能力，甚至会死亡，但是他用除了积极用药物治疗外，还用乐观的态度对待病魔，最后，疾病竟然痊愈了。
小题1:考查动词词意辨析和语境的理解。从上下文知道身体的疼痛使他的行走都变得困难了。
小题2:考查动词词意辨析和语境的理解。从下文的提示知道，他会失去移动的能力，最后可能死于这种疾病。
小题3:考查名词词意辨析和语境的理解。从语境知道医生推断他有1/6的存活机会。
小题4:考查介词短语意思辨析和语境的理解。apart from远离, 除...之外；in spite of不管；instead of代替, 而不是...；rather than胜于。尽管医生给予上面的诊断，但是Norman Cousins下定决心要战胜病魔，活下来。
小题5:考查名词词意辨析和语境的理解。从后面的定语从句which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged ……可以知道这里表示医学。
小题6:考查名词词意辨析和语境的理解。是说人的精神压力和消极的态度对于人体的化学物质和健康有害。
小题7:考查名词词意辨析和语境的理解。那本医学书中的内容使Norman Cousins想到积极的生活态度和精神可能会对疾病的治疗起到作用。其他词语无此意。
小题8:考查名词词意辨析和语境的理解。是说注意力集中在有助于治疗疾病的积极态度和精神上。
小题9:考查动词词意辨析和语境的理解。是说他每天安排时间看喜剧电影，阅读幽默故事书籍，做一些提高生活积极性的事情。
小题10:考查动词词意辨析和语境的理解。从语篇知道由于积极的治疗，他的疼痛在8天之后开始减轻。 |
举一反三
Many cancer patients are finding new hope in an unusual approach to cancer treatment. The common method has been developed by Carl Simonton, a specialist in the science of tumors. 1 can sometimes be "truly amazing," he says, when a cancer 2 lets his mind take part in the treatment.
Simonton remembers that his first patient might have been thought to be a " 3 ” case by some. "He was a sixty-one-year-old man with very severe throat cancer. He had lost a great deal of weight. He could 4 swallow his own saliva and could eat no food.
"I taught him to 5 and mentally see his disease," Simonton says. "Then I had him 6 an army of white blood cells coming, attacking and 7 the cancer cells. The results of the treatment were both exciting and frightening. Within two weeks his cancer had noticeably become smaller and he was quickly gaining weight. I say it was " 8 " because I had never seen such a change. I wasn"t sure what was going on. I also didn"t know what I would do if things went wrong. But 9 didn"t go wrong.
"We may believe that we have the power in our own bodies to fight cancer as well as the power to 10 the disease in the first place. With those patients who are willing to stay with us and try, we always find that the cancer has filled some emotional need."
小题1:1.| A．Results | B．Researches | C．Records | D．Replies |
| 小题2: | | A．specialist | B．author | C．patient | D．agent |
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| 小题3: | | A．hopeful | B．hopeless | C．valuable | D．worthless |
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| 小题4: | | A．easily | B．mostly | C．carefully | D．barely |
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| 小题5: | | A．worry | B．be nervous | C．relax | D．get angry |
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| 小题6: | | A．suppose | B．observe | C．pretend | D．picture |
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| 小题7: | | A．overcoming | B．managing | C．treating | D．threatening |
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| 小题8: | | A．frightening | B．interesting | C．amusing | D．relaxing |
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| 小题10: | | A．carry | B．take | C．produce | D．find |
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There are two kinds of physical activity which require special training. The first demands exact careful movements of the muscles. This kind of activity must be strictly controlled because even a slight movement in the wrong direction will lead a mistake. To type quickly, for example, a person needs training; the slightest movement of a finger in the wrong direction may cause a spelling mistake. A dancer who has to dance on the point of her shoes or turn around on one foot must be trained for a long period of time before she can sense her own center and balance herself. You may have seen a girl walking on a rope across an empty space, which, too, requires a lot of practice.
The second kind of physical activity needs greater strength or extra effort. Most of us get tired if we try to run half a mile without stopping, but a specially-trained person can do this without much effort. Three years ago, some scientists carried out experiments, which produced meaningful and unexpected results. They wanted to find out whether a certain amount of physical exercise would injure those suffering from heart problems. They selected some male patients and trained them in continuous bicycle riding. They were surprised to find that the harmful effect of given amount of physical effort was actually less on the hearts of these trained patients than on those of the patients who were not similarly trained. This is important because it shows that regular physical exercise enables us to make better use of the oxygen we breathe in and that this training, in fact, reduces the amount of work our hearts do. Many tasks which are hard for untrained people are not hard at all for trained people.
小题1:The first kind of physical activity must be strictly controlled because _________.| A．a mistake in the wrong direction is dangerous to the fingers | | B．a wrong movement in a direction will cause no mistakes | | C．a movement in the wrong direction will cause a mistake | | D．a slight movement of a finger will lead to a mistake |
小题2:What must a dancer do before she can balance herself?| A．She must dance on the point of her shoes. | | B．She must receive long-time training. | | C．She must turn around on one foot. | | D．She must perform again and again. |
小题3:The experiments done by some scientists showed that ________.| A．some male patients were asked to ride bicycles regularly in the experiments | | B．the physical exercise had more harmful effect on the hearts of the untrained patients | | C．the physical exercise was harmless to the male patients with heart trouble | | D．the physical exercise could be helpful for the patients to take in more oxygen |
小题4:What would be the best title for this text?| A．Training Our Bodies | B．Physical Activities | | C．Movement Training | D．Extra Body Effort |
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Whatever our differences as human beings are we all think we’re more like the rest of the animal world than we realize. It is said that we share 40 per cent of our genetic（遗传的）structure with the simple worm.
But that fact has helped Sir John Sulston win the 2002 Nobel Prize for Medicine. Sir John is the founder of the Sanger Institute in Cambridge, which was set up in 1992 to get further understanding of the human genome（染色体组）.
To help them do this, they turned to the worm. The nematode（线虫类的）worm is one of the earliest creatures on planet earth. It is less than one millimeter long, completely transparent and spends its entire life digging holes through sand. But it still has lots to say about human life, and what can be done to make it better.
What the worm told Sir John and his colleagues was that each of the cells in the human body is programmed like a computer. They grow, develop and die according to a set of instructions that are coded in our genetic make-up.
Many of the diseases that humans suffer from happen when these instructions go wrong or are not obeyed. When the cell refuses to die but carries on growing instead, this leads to cancer. Heart attacks and diseases like AIDS cause more cell deaths than normal, increasing the damage they do to the body. Sir John was the first scientist to prove the existence of programmed cell death.
小题1:Sir John Sulston got a Nobel Prize for Medicine because he has . | A．found that human beings are similar to the worm | | B．got the fact we share 40 per cent of our genetic structure with the simple worm | | C．found the computer which controls each of the cells in the human body | | D．proved that cell death is programmed |
小题2:People might be seriously ill if the cells in their body .| A．grow without being instructed | B．die regularly | | C．fail to follow people’s instructions | D．develop in the human body |
小题3:The underlined word“they”（paragraph 5）refers to .| A．cell deaths | B．diseases | C．instructions | D．cells |
小题4:What is the subject discussed in the text?| A．The theory of programmed cell deaths. | B．A great scientist—Sir John Sulston. | | C．The programmed human life. | D．Dangerous diseases. |
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Do you blank out or feel so nervous in exams that you have trouble writing answers to questions that you knew just last night? If so, you likely have a case of test anxiety.
But, don"t be afraid. By recognizing the problem, you are taking the first step towards overcoming it.
Believe it or not, a touch of nervousness can sharpen your mind, allowing you to perform more quickly. This is because under stress, the body releases (释放) the hormone adrenaline (肾上腺素), which prepares it for something important that will happen. However, too much anxiety can result in sleeplessness, loss of appetite（胃口）before tests, and poor performance. Some people might feel hot and tired. With great anger they often shout or complain for no reason.
If you worry a lot or are a perfectionist, you are more likely to have trouble with test anxiety. Those who have prepared poorly for a test or have had negative experiences taking tests may also experience test anxiety.
When you feel a storm of anxiety coming on, stop what you"re doing and make your mind a blank. If possible, actually tell yourself to "STOP!" This will get your mind off the stress.
Then think of being at a place of comfort and let your body relax. As you continue the test, find questions you know the answers to and answer them first. This will help restore your confidence.
Important of all, talk to yourself using positive language. Make it a habit to replace each negative thought with a logical reason. For example: "I"ve studied hard and I know the material, so I"m ready to do the best I can."
Another thing you can do is to learn to accept mistakes. In fact, they can be valuable learning opportunities.
Last but not least, start test preparation early - three to five days ahead of the quiz or test. After all, good study habits and skills - for example, time management and note-taking - will give you the feeling that you are in control.
小题1: The best title of the passage is probably______| A．How to beat test anxiety. | | B．What is test anxiety. | | C．The effects of test anxiety. | | D．Experience test anxiety will help you. |
小题2:Those ______ more easily suffer from test anxiety.| A．who are not well prepared for a test. | | B．who wants everything to be perfect and highest. | | C．who have experiences of failure in exams. | | D．who do poorly in their study. |
小题3:The author mentions _____pieces of suggestions about how to get over test anxiety.小题4:What can we infer from the passage？| A．Mistakes sometime can be valuable and helpful. | | B．Those who have prepared poorly for a test cause test anxiety easily. | | C．Full test preparations will give you the feeling that you are in control. | | D．A touch of anxiety can have a positive effect. |
小题5:The underlined word “hot” in Paragraph3 means .| A．disappointed | B．angry | C．active | D．running a high body temperature |
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A small piece of fish each day may keep the heart doctor away. That’s the finding of a study of Dutch men in which deaths from heart disease were more than 50 percent lower among those who consumed at least an ounce of salt water fish per day compared to those who never ate fish.
The Dutch research is one of three human studies that give strong scientific support to the long held belief that eating fish can provide health benefits, particularly to the heart.
Heart disease is the number-one killer in the United States, with more than 550,000 deaths occurring from heart attacks each year. But previous research has shown that the level of heart disease is lower in cultures that consume more fish than Americans do. There are fewer heart disease deaths, for example, among the Eskimos of Greenland, who consume about 14 ounces of fish a day, and among the Japanese, whose daily fish consumption averages more than 3 ounces.
For 20 years, the Dutch study followed 852 middle-aged men, 20 percent of whom ate no fish. At the start of the study, average fish consumption was about two-thirds of an ounce each day, with more men eating lean fish than fatty fish.
During the next two decades, 78 of the men died from heart disease. The fewest deaths were among the group who regularly ate fish, even at levels far lower than those of the Japanese or Eskimos. This relationship was true regardless of other factors such as age, high blood pressure, or blood cholesterol（胆固醇）levels.
小题1:The passage is mainly about _________.| A．the high incidence of heart disease in some countries | | B．the changes in people’s diet | | C．the effect of fish eating on people’s health | | D．the daily fish consumption of people in different cultures |
小题2:We can infer from the passage that there are fewer heart disease deaths ________.| A．in countries of the yellow-skin race | | B．in highly-developed countries | | C．in the countries with high consumption of fish | | D．in the countries with good production of fish |
小题3:The phrase “this relationship” in paragraph 6 refers to the connection between _________ and the level of heart disease.| A．the amount of fish eaten | B．regular fish-eating | | C．the kind of fish eaten | D．people of different areas |
小题4:From the passage we know the author is most probably ______.| A．a heart doctor | B．a science researcher | | C．a supporter of healthy eating | D．a university student |
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