阅读理解 China_is_going_green. In order to reduce air pollution and oilshortages
题型：江西省同步题难度：来源：
China_is_going_green. In order to reduce air pollution and oilshortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market. Toyota"s
hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let"s have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a
rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional
gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially
designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a
traditional car. At this point, the car"s gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide
power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an
electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
The onboard(车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go
electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas
pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the
gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the
electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car"s batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1. The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B. introduce a new kind of "green" car
C. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
2. The first sentence probably refers to ________.
A. there will be more and more green land in China
B. China is still young and lacking experience
C. China"s new cars are combinations of different green models
D. China has started producing environmentally friendly cars
3. Which of the followings is NOT true?
A. The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oilshortages.
B. The car"s gasoline engine doesn"t work until it reaches about 24 km/h.
C. This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.
D. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.
4. What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?
A. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
B. They are much quieter than traditional cars.
C. They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.
D. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
5. What can we conclude from the story?
A. The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.
B. Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.
C. The batteries will last for 200, 000 miles without being recharged.
D. The gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powers the car.
答案
举一反三
Malaria, the world"s most widespread parasitic (寄生虫引起的)disease, kills as many as three million people every year-almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess
because many people don"t (or can"t) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer
works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.
Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often,
headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the
red blood cells they infect. They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn"t kill
you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease is passed on to humans by female
mosquitoes infected with one of four species of a parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand
genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more
outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease"s spread is due to global warming.
For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have
become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they
have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would
come next.
1. According to paragraph 1, many people don"t seek care because ________.
A. they are too poor
B. it is unusual to seek care
C. they can remain unaffected for long
D. there are too many people suffering from the disease
2. People suffering from malaria ________.
A. have to kill female mosquitoes
B. have ability to defend parasites
C. have their red blood cells infected
D. have sudden fever, followed by chills
3. Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?
A. Its resistance to global warming.
B. Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.
C. Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.
D. Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. no drugs have been found to treat the disease
B. the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people
C. malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites
D. nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease
Dutch men in which deaths from heart disease were more than 50 percent lower among those who
consumed at least an ounce (盎司)of salt water fish per day compared to those who never ate fish.
The Dutch research is one of three human studies that give strong scientific support to the long
held belief that eating fish can provide health benefits, particularly to the heart.
Heart disease is the number-one killer i
n the United States, with more than 550,000 deaths occurring from heart attacks each year. But previous research has shown the level of heart disease
is lower in cultures that consume more fish than Americans do. There are fewer heart disease deaths,
for example, among the Eskimos of Greenland, who consume about 14 ounces of fish a day, and
among the Japanese, whose daily fish consumption(消费量) averages more than 3 ounces.
For 20 years, the Dutch study followed 852 middle-aged men, 20 percent of whom ate no fish.
At the start of the study, average fish consumption was about two-thirds of an ounce each day, with
more eating lean fish than fatty fish.
During the next two decades, 78 of the men died from heart disease. The fewest deaths were
among the group who regularly ate fish, even at levels far lower than those of the Japanese or Eskimos.
This relationship was true regardless of other factors such as age, high blood pressure, or blood
cholesterol(胆固醇) levels.
B. People who regularly eat fish never suffer from heart disease.
C. Heart disease causes more deaths in America than any other disease.
D. There is a low level of heart disease in such countries as Japan and Greenland.
B. fresh fish
C. fish that live in salt water
D. fish that have little fat
B. the effect of fish eating on people"s health
C. the changes in people"s diet
D. the daily fish consumption of people in different cultures
B. in America
C. in the countries with high consumption of fish
D. in the countries with good production of fish
China"s government has been trying all measures to reduce pollution in the past few years. Now people
can enjoy a fresh environment everywhere. The following two graphs are adopted from the column of "City
Information" on the webpage of Beijing Review.
Graph 1: Olympic Cities Air Quality Report
| City | Date | API | Major Pollutant | Air Quality Degree | Quality Condition |
| Beijing | Sep. 8 | 37 | N/A | Ⅰ | Very good |
| Qinhuangdao | Sep. 8 | 52 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
| Qingdao | Sep. 8 | 68 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
| Shanghai | Sep. 8 | 67 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
| Shenyang | Sep. 8 | 88 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
| Tianjin | Sep. 8 | 54 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
| 阅读理解 | |||||
| Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. The total amount of packaging has increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household"s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard. Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example. But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it is also applied to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary. There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary materials are collected. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb. 1. What does the underlined phrase "that over-consumption" refer to? A. Using too much packaging. B. Recycling too many wastes. C. Making more products than necessary. D. Having more material than is needed. 2. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show ___________. A. the tendency of cutting household waste B. the increase of packaging recycling C. the rapid growth of supermarkets D. the fact of packaging overuse 3. According to the text, recycling ___________. A. helps control the greenhouse effect B. means burning packaging for energy C. is the solution to gas shortage D. leads to a waste of land 4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality. B. Supermarkets care more about packaging. C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging. D. Other products are better packaged than food. 5. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult. B. Needless material is mostly recycled. C. People like collecting recyclable wastes. D. The author is proud of their consumer culture. | |||||
| 阅读理解 | |||||
 I suppose that having been brought up in the countryside and close to animals,it wasn"t remarkable (不平常的)when I decided to become a vet(兽医). Luckily I was also good at all the necessary science subjects. So after the college entrance examination I found myself at a veterinary college,training to look after animals in all kinds of situations. I hoped that I would be able to work in the research field so that I could find cures for animal diseases. Much to my surprise,I found public health care was a very important aspect of my course. This is an area of animal medicine where a vet"s work has many things in common with the work of a doctor of human diseases. I particularly liked it because I recognized that the study of animal diseases can help human medicine. As we know,many infectious diseases come from animals-including SARS and bird flu. Some of the infections have only been understood after carefully analytical work in labs by animal doctors. They helped identify the animal source for diseases such as SARS. They were also the first to identify various kinds of viruses. Sometimes vets are also able to suggest a cure for human illnesses. When I found this out I was determined to make public health medicine my chosen career. After graduation,I applied for a job in public health. Soon I found myself concerned with the problem of bird flu. This is an illness that attacks birds,but humans can catch the disease if they are in close contact with infected birds. Though the job is dangerous,it makes me proud that vets and other animal disease researchers are in the front line helping to fight these unknown human diseases. 1. The writer wanted to become a vet mainly because______. A. he did well in all necessary subjects B. he wanted to help animals C. he was close to animals in his early life D. he wanted to find cures for human diseases 2. What made the writer particularly like the course of public health care was that________. A. it was both important and interesting B. it could help him connect many human diseases with animals C. it made a vet"s work very much like a doctor"s D. it could help human medicine by studying animal diseases 3. What can be followed if this passage continues? A. The writer"s happy family life. B. How the writer did research work in studying bird flu. C. How the writer dealt with the relationship with other workmates. D. What difficulty the writer met in the research work. 4. Which of the following is implied in the passage? A. Animals with infectious diseases should be killed. B. Keeping animals is dangerous to humans. C. Dangerous as a vet"s job is,it is significant to the human race. D. Animal researchers work in the same way as human doctors. 5. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Being a vet is helpful to both animals and humans. B. Vets can cure both animals and humans. C. Vets helped identify animal resources for SARS. D. Both SARS and bird flu are infectious diseases coming from animals. |