阅读理解 The koala, one of Australia"s most treasured creatures, is in trouble.
题型：福建省期末题难度：来源：
Affected by habitat (栖居地) loss and climate change, like many other uniquely Australian animals,
koalas are being squeezed into smaller regions. But at present, it is a deadly disease, a somewhat silent
killer that causes a further decline in the koala population, that is worrying many scientists about the fate of the koala.
The killer is Chlamydia, which has caused symptoms in up to 50 percent of the wild koalas, with
probably even more infected (感染) but not showing symptoms. It has been particularly severe in
Queensland, where nearly all koalas are infected. The disease causes many symptoms including eye
infections, which can lead to blindness, making it difficult for them to find their primary food.
Treating Chlamydia in wild koalas is a challenge. There is no treatment available for it. Only a small
percentage of the animals can be treated successfully and returned to the wild. Besides, there is no national plan in Australia to save the koala; it is up to each region to make management plans for its koala
population.
The good news is that researchers are working to test a vaccine (疫苗) that would help prevent further spread. If all goes well, plans can be carried out to distribute the vaccine more widely. But it"s impossible
to vaccinate (给注射疫苗) all wild koalas.
Another possibility would be to make vaccine distribution a routine part of treatment for the thousands of koalas brought into care centers every year after they are injured by cars or dogs.
While it is a combination of problems that are affecting the wild koala population, many experts believe this vaccine would be an important step in helping koalas survive longer. It may be enough time to give
researchers a chance to solve some of the other problems facing Austalia"s koalas.
A. A deadly disease.
B. Injuries from cars and dogs.
C. Climate change.
D. Habitat loss.
2. The third paragraph mainly tells us_____.
A. the serious result Chlamydia has caused to the koala
B. Chlamydia affected the koala only in particular regions
C. the most serious symptom of Chlamydia is eye infections
D. Chlamydia can seriously affect koala"s primary food
3. We can learn from the text that the vaccine_____.
A. would cure the killer Chlamydia quite effectively
B. would only be distributed in koala care centers
C. has already been put into practical use in Australia
D. cannot be distributed to all the infected koalas
4. It can be inferred from the text that_____.
A. a national plan for saving koalas will be made soon in Australia
B. koala population is declining only in a few regions
C. researchers need enough time to solve the koala problems
D. experts have lost the best chance to save the infected koalas
答案
举一反三
the sea faster than scientists expected. If it continues, Greenland itself could become much smaller during
this century and global seas could rise as much as 3 feet.
The rates of change that we"re noticing are much higher than expected. If these rates continue, it is not
likely that Greenland could shrink by several tens of percent this century. However, it"s not known how
quickly this coastal response of the Greenland ice sheet melting will have an effect on the vast inland ice.
Greenland is the world"s largest island, covering area more than three times the size of Texas. Some 81
percent of it is covered by ice, and there are many glaciers. Glaciers are like slow-moving rivers of ice.
Where a glacier meets the sea, its weight keeps it firmly resting on the bottom. A glacier"s front is the point
where the water is deep enough that the glacier floats.
Since the 1970s, the front of Helheim stayed in the same place. Then it began melting rapidly, moving
back 4.5 miles from 2001 through this past summer. It has also grown thinner, from top to bottom, by
more than 130 feet since 2001. And over these past years, its trip to the sea has sped up from about 70
feet per day to nearly 110.
The melting is driven by a warmer climate. Temperatures in Greenland have risen more than five
degrees Fahrenheit(华氏温度) in the last ten years. Since most of Greenland"s ice is on land, seas will rise
as the ice melts. If all Greenland"s ice sheet melted, oceans would be 15-20 feet higher. Nobody expects
that to happen any time soon.
B. Water in glaciers is more than sea water.
C. Glaciers sometimes float on the water.
D. Glaciers can increase the water level of lakes.
B. is the largest island in North America
C. is all covered with glaciers
D. is sinking under the sea level
B. The glaciers in other areas will be bigger.
C. It will be easy for explorers to visit the island.
D. Some coastal cities may be under the sea.
Migrating or mobile animals move through several environments as they travel away from the cold of
winter to warmer areas. Birds may fly from one part of the world to another, perhaps stopping at feeding
grounds on the way. Whales and turtles (海龟) cover vast areas of ocean. The report says that changes in any one of the places which these animals use can cause serious harm. "Obviously these animals have
developed their travelling patterns over thousands of years. But climate change is almost certain to be
extreme over the next 25 to 50 years and it is extremely unlikely that these animals can change their habits
fast enough," said the report author Dr Robert Hepworth.
Hardest hit by rising temperatures are turtles. Scientists have found that at higher temperatures, turtles
produce far more female eggs than male ones. In parts of Malaysia, turtle birthing sites are producing only
females, the report says. It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as
the waters get warmer.
With birds, the main problem is climate-related damage to important areas at either end of the travels or at resting places along the way. About one-fifth of migrating birds are now in danger because of
climate-related changes including rising sea levels, land loss and more violent storms, the report concludes.
Other animals picked out as particularly in danger include:
the North Atlantic Right Whale, whose main food (tiny shrimp) is disturbed by the change in ocean
flows and
the White-Nose Dolphin, which is out-competed by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters.
The report is not all bad news. Even with major climatic changes, protecting the environment can still help mobile animals to recover. "We need governments to start taking action at the national and international
lever. “The clock is running.” said Dr Hepworth. And some animals are already adapting, with the report
mentioning whales that are changing their feeding behaviour, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat.
1. What is the main topic of the text?
A. The effect of climate change on migrating animals.
B. How animals are adapting to changes in temperature.
C. The actions required to save migrating animals.
D. The need for government policies to prevent global warming.
2. By saying "the clock is running" in the last paragraph, Dr Hepworth means that “_______”.
A. it may be too late to save some animals
B. it is time to start protecting the animals
C. there is not much time to solve the problem
D. it takes time to complete the actions
3. According to the report, how will global warming affect turtles in the future?
A. They will only produce female babies.
B. Their food supply will gradually disappear.
C. Some will suffer from higher rates of cancer.
D. They will be in greater danger because of more violent storms.
4. Which of the following is mentioned as a consequence of rising temperatures?
A. More storms will affect the ability of whales to find their feeding grounds.
B. 20 percent of all birds are likely to die out because of land loss.
C. Migrating animals are likely to start adapting to the changes more quickly.
D. Warmer oceans will increase the competition between different kinds of dolphins.
5. What can be inferred (推断) about turtles from the text?
A. They are the only animals besides humans that suffer from cancer.
B. They have traditionally lived longer than other ocean-based animals.
C. Those born nearer a hotter area are more likely to be female.
D. Most kinds of turtles are likely to die out within 50 years.
Sleep might be one answer to the problem. A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.
Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had a
tough time determining "which came first, the chicken or the egg," says Julie C. Lumeng of the University of Michigan.
To get a better idea of which causes which, Lumeng and colleagues interviewed the parents of 785
third graders from around the United States. The parents answered questions about how well their kids
slept that year. Three years later, the parents answered the same questions.
By sixth grade, 18 percent of kids involved in the study were obese (肥胖的) . The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students" race or gender (性别). It also didn"t matter how strict their
parents were, or whether they were boys or girls. Obesity struck all of these groups equally.Instead, sleep seemed to be the key factor. Over the 3 years of the study, the children averaged a healthy 9.5 hours of
sleep a night. Some kids, however, slept a lot more-- or less-- than others.
For the sixth graders, every hour of sleep above the 9.5-hour average was linked to a 20 percent lower risk of being obese. Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders. Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40% drop in obesity by sixth grade.
"I expected we"d find that this sleep link with obesity was just a bunch of nonsense." says Lumeng, a
pediatrician (儿科医生). But their findings were convincing. No matter how her team looked at the link, "we couldn"t make it go away."
A.More and more kids put on weight.
B. 18% of the six graders were very fat.
C.9.5 hours of sleep a night is harmful.
D. Parents should be strict with their children.
2.
We can infer from the passage that .A. the sixth graders need more sleep than the third graders
B. the third graders need more sleep than the sixth graders
C. boys and girls were quit
e different in sleeping hoursD. after three years" study, the children had healthy sleeping hours
3. What does the word "it" in the last line of the last paragraph refer to?
A. Julie C. Lumeng"s team.
B. The conclusion of the study.
C. The relation between less sleep and less weight.
D. The relation between more sleep and less weight.
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Sleeping is Important
B. Over Sleeping is Harmful
C. Less Sleep, More Weight
D. More Sleep, More Weight
阅读理解。
that causes AIDS. According to the report, this means every eight seconds somebody in the world is
infected with HIV, resulting in 11,000 people becoming newly infected every day.
The director of UNAIDS, Peter Piot, says most of the new infections, nearly two-thirds, are in
Sub-Saharan Africa. But, the biggest increases are in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, where infection
rates have risen by more than 50 percent since 2004. He says 2.9 million people died from AIDS-related
illnesses this year, the highest number ever.
UNAIDS senior epidemiologist(流行病学家), Karen Stanecki, says infections are rising in countries
where HIV prevention programs have not adapted to the changing nature of the epidemics(流行病).
Stanecki noted，"In Thailand, one of our past success stories, a large percentage of new HIV infections
are occurring in people considered to be low risk. One third of new infections are among married women."
It says data shows increased use of condoms has resulted in drops in HIV prevalence(流行) among
young people between 2000 and 2005 in a number of African countries, including Botswana, Kenya and
Zimbabwe. Nevertheless, the report notes young people between the ages of 15 and 24 account for 40
percent of new HIV infections. It finds the risk behavior, such as injecting drug use, homosexuals, is a
factor of concern in many regions of the world, especially in Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.
The report notes the emergence (出现) of injecting drug use as a factor of HIV in Kenya, Tanzania,
Nigeria and South Africa is a recent development in Sub-Saharan Africa.
B. 2.9 million.
C. 3.5 million.
D. 4 million.
B. Eastern Europe
C. Central Asia
D. both A and B
B. said angrily
C. fully noticed
D. uttered weakly
B. Two fifths of the new infections are among young people aged 15 to 24.
C. The risk behavior, such as injecting drug use and homosexuals, exists in many parts of the world.
D. Injecting drug use occurs in many African countries.
B. The AIDS epidemic continues to grow in the world.
C. The AIDS epidemic has been reduced in the world.
D. No one can tell when the AIDS epidemic will be completely controlled.
bark(树皮). The groove 2_________(deep) over the years. Though for whatever reason, it did not kill the
tree.
3_______ some years, the family took their bull away. They cut the chain, leaving the loop around
the tree and one link 4_________(hang) down.
Then one year, agricultural catastrophe stuck Michigan in 5______ form of Dutch elm disease. All
the elms lining the road leading to the farm became infected 6______ died. Everyone thought that the old
elm would be the next. The farm owner considered 7_______(go) the safe thing: pulling it out and
chopping it up into firewood before it died.
8__________(amazing), the tree did not die. Nobody could understand 9_______ it was still the
only elm standing in the country. It is said that 10_____ doesn`t kill you will make you become stronger.
Or, as a plant pathologist(病理学家) put it, “ Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest
at the broken palces.”
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