阅读理解 Depression(抑郁症) is a serious problem today. Depression causes workers t
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| 阅读理解 |
Depression(抑郁症) is a serious problem today. Depression causes workers to be unpro- ductive,
causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars. One expert says that de- pression is like cancer
because it is "widespread, costly and deadly". Depression hits one per- son in five around the world.
Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated, studies show
that depression is a problem among everyone. Over any six-month period, be- tween five to seven percent
of the world"s 15opulation will be suffering from a serious depres- sion.
Suicide rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme, or clinical form were 80 percent
higher than in the population at large, and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks.
People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping, getting up on time, and doing work
unproductively.
Depression, which researchers agree, has its origin in the genes, brings loss of confi- dence and ability
to concentrate making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently.
Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese inability to face it. Many people believe that
depressed people are either weak or lazy. Besides, there is no good treatment, with few specialists
available.
"Most patients in China just don"t get help," a Chinese doctor says. "In my hospital, I have to see 30 or
40 patients in a morning, just have time to say " Hello, how do you feel?""
In Western countries, people are not afraid to admit that they have depression, but most do not tell it to
their boss, because they fear that their boss would fire them.
"In my experience, aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it, because they feel the most
Secure about themselves." an American doctor says.
Hopefully, in the near future, people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so
that they can get the right treatment. |
| 1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? |
A. It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.
B. Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.
C. Depression is a commonly--existing problem only in rich countries.
D. The poorer and the less educated a person is the less he will suffer from depression. |
| 2. Depression becomes more serious in China because of . |
A. the pressure of unemployment
B. the lack of treatment and doctors
C. their unwillingness to tell it to their bosses
D. the doctor"s careless work |
| 3. Compared to normal people, the depressed people are likely to be . |
A. very unconfident and often absent--minded
B. easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks
C. working efficiently and productively
D. either weak or lazy |
| 4. The underlined phrase "at large" is the closest in meaning to . |
A. widely
B. as a whole
C. in a large quantity
D. largely |
| 5. What can we infer from the passage? |
A. People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.
B. The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed.
C. More and more patients will turn to specialists for help.
D. Western people are braver than Chinese people. |
答案
1-5：BBABC
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举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it"s painful? This might be called laziness, but
Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you"re "hot". That"s true.
The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak.
For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening.
No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: "Get up,
John! You"ll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his
temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives
realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can"t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help,
Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you"re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway.
Counteract (对抗) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your
energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual
hour. This won"t change your cycle, but you"ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low
point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on
the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for
clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon
and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. |
| 1. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ________. |
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening |
| 2. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage? |
A. Unawareness of energy cycles.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member"s energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members. |
| 3. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should________. |
A . change his energy cycle
B. get up earlier than usual
C. overcome his laziness
D. go to bed earlier |
| 4. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ________. |
A. help to keep your energy for the day"s work
B. help you to control your temper early in the day
C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D. keep your energy cycle under control all day |
| 阅读理解。 |
More than three billion people are at risk from indoor air pollution because of the heating or
cooking fuels they use. Most live in Africa, India and China. They use wood, crop waste, animal
waste or coal. These solid fuels may be the least costly fuels available. But they are also a major
cause of health problems and death.
The Aprovecho Research Center has been designing cooking stoves for the developing world.
People having less money use wood or biomass for cooking; the richer people use oil and gas. It"s
estimated that wood is running out more quickly than oil and gas.
The group has made stoves using mud, bricks, sheet metal, clay, ceramics and old oil drums.
Most of the stoves look like large, deep cooking pots. They have an opening at the bottom for the
fire and a place on the top to put a pot.
In the late 1970s, Aprovecho produced a popular stove called the Lorena. The Lorena was
good at reducing smoke and warming homes. But new tests years later found that it was not efficient.
The Lorena used twice as much wood as an open fire, and it took much longer to heat food. Since
then, they have experimented with countless other designs.
Their goal is to make an inexpensive stove-let"s say five dollars-that makes little smoke, and it"s
safe for health and reduces global warming and deforestation(采伐森林)．
Aprovecho has now partnered with a stove manufacturer in China. The company is making
Aprovecho"s first mass produced stoves. They are said to use 40%-50% less wood than an open
fire, and produce 50%-70% less smoke. A company called StoveTec is selling them through its
website for less than ten dollars. Dean Still says that more than one hundred thousand have been
sold so far. |
| 1. The underlined word "biomass" in Paragraph 2 refers to ________. |
A. oil and gas
B. wood
C. coal
D. crop waste or animal waste |
2. The following sentence is taken from the passage, it should be placed at the end of ________.
The World Health Organization estimates that over 1,500,000 people a year die from breathing smoke
from solid fuels. |
A. Paragraph 1.
B. Paragraph 2.
C. Paragraph 3.
D. Paragraph 4. |
| 3. Stoves designed by the Aprovecho Research Center should be ________. |
①luxurious
②costly
③efficient
④lowcarbon
⑤cleaner
A．①②④
B．③④⑤
C．②③⑤
D．①③④ |
| 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。 |
__1__ Many things can become distractions (分散注意力). Your ability to focus your mind,
emotions and physical movements will directly influence your success. Staying focused on the
task at hand can be easier said than done. Here are some powerful techniques that can help you
improve your ability to focus.
For physical control, it helps to have a constant exercise schedule. __2__ Exercising helps you
gain better command of your body, and even goes beyond the body, giving you more flexibility
not just physically but also emotionally and mentally. When you feel more comfortable in your
body, you increase your selfconfidence, which helps you feel more relaxed.
For mental control, meditation (沉思；冥想) does the task. __3__ It"s easy to get distracted
by things in your background, but in order to perform well you have to maintain a high degree
of focus. When you relax your thoughts it trains your mind to deal effectively with outside
distractions so you can stay centered on what matters most at the moment.
__4__ It prevents you from overreaction and also from overacting. When your emotions settle
down, you gain greater awareness of the environment you"re in, and feel calm and in control.
__5__ The good thing is that selfcontrol can be developed. Start exercising frequently, get
yourself into meditation, and start to feel positive changes in your career and your life in general. |
A. In short, focus requires selfcontrol.
B. There are many benefits of exercising.
C. Generally speaking, you need to practise a lot.
D. There are still some disadvantages of exercises.
E. Your emotions are well served by meditation as well.
F. Focus is an important part of success and achievement in general.
G. It helps block out all the noise and activities that are going on around you. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Pregnancy(妊娠) and childbirth kill more than 536,000 women a year. More than half of the
cases happened in Africa, according to the World Health Organization. In fact, most of the deaths
are preventable with basic medical care.
The five leading causes are bleeding, infection, high blood pressure, longtime labor and bad
abortions (流产). Mothers" deaths from such causes were largely reduced nearly a century ago
in developed countries.
Experts say that what kill many women are "the three delays", the woman"s delay in deciding
to go to the hospital, the time she loses traveling there and the hospital"s delay in starting treatment.
Only about 15 percent of births have dangerous complications(并发症)．
Women lack education and information about birth control. Husbands and inlaws may decide
where a woman gives birth and insist that she stay at home to save money. However, there is no
single solution to a problem with so many factors shortages of doctors, nurses, drugs, equipment,
roads and transportation-though hospital officials are trying many things now.
One stopgap measure to solve the problem for the present has been to train assistant medical
officers, to perform certain operations. Some African countries are now struggling to train more
assistants and midwives(接生婆), and provide places for pregnant women to stay near hospitals.
But there is a long way to go. Only 20 percent of women in the continent give birth at the hospital.
More than 50 percent stay at home to give birth, and the rest go to local clinics that cannot handle
emergencies. |
| 1. Which is not included in the five leading causes of women"s deaths during pregnancy and childbirth? |
A. Infection.
B. High blood pressure.
C. Traveling long distances.
D. Bleeding. |
| 2. The underlined word "stopgap" probably means "________" in the passage. |
A. final
B. temporary
C. effective
D. instant |
| 3. What can we learn from this passage? |
A. Most problems that cause women"s deaths during pregnancy and childbirth can be treated or
prevented.
B. Developed countries should help African countries reduce mothers" deaths.
C. The husbands in poor countries should take responsibility for their wives" deaths.
D. The governments of African countries have to take more effective measures to save pregnant women. |
4. What is the author"s attitude towards the future of preventing women"s deaths during pregnancy and
childbirth? |
A. Positive.
B. Negative.
C. Objective.
D. Subjective. |
| 阅读理解 |
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中的两项为多途选项.
Is there anything more important than health? I don"t think so. "Health is the greatest wealth," wise
people say. 1 .
If you have a headache, toothache, backache, or bad pain in the stomach, if you complain of a bad
cough, or if you suffer from high or low blood pressure, I think you go to the doctor.
The doctor will examine your throat, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your
heart and lungs, check your teeth or have your chest X-rayed. 2 . The only thing you have to do is to
follow his advice.
3 .
An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness, memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and said there
was no medicine for his disease. He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good
rest. 4 . In other words, the doctor advised him to follow the rule: "Eat at pleasure, drink with measure
and enjoy life as it is. " The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn"t smoke
more than one cigarette a day.
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor"s office. 5 . He thanked the doctor and said tha
t he had never felt a healthier man.
"But you know, doctor," he said, "it"s not easy to begin smoking at my age"
A. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks.
B. You can"t be good at your studies or work well when you are ill.
C. After that he will advise some treatment or some medicine.
D. All these will cost a lot of money.
E. He looked cheerful and happy.
F. He was more worried about his illness.
G. Speaking about doctor"s advice, I can"t help telling you a funny story. |
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