阅读理解。 Residents of Golestan Province in northern Iran have one of the highes
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| 阅读理解。 |
Residents of Golestan Province in northern Iran have one of the highest rates of esophageal cancer (食道
癌) in the world. They don"t drink alcohol or smoke-the two primary risk factors for the disease in the west-
but they do consume tea, nearly 1.2 liters per day, on average. So local researchers set out looking for a
connection.
They employed 300 esophageal cancer patients who were diagnosed in the eastern part of Golestan and
matched them up with 571 healthy controls who shared their age, gender and place of residence. All but one
of them drank tea, and they gave interviewers information about their tea consumption and brewing habits.
Teaming up with investigators from the U.S., England, France and Sweden, the researchers calculated
that people who said they drank "hot" tea (149 to 156 degrees Fahrenheit) were more than twice as likely to
develop esophageal cancer as people who said they drank the beverage "warm" or "lukewarm" (less than 140
degrees). Those who said they took their tea"very hot" (at least 158 degrees) were more than eight times as
likely to get esophageal cancer, according to the study, published online Thursday in the British Medical
Journal.
The scientists have now connected it with esophageal cancer. The problem doesn"t appear to be the tea
itself, but the temperature at which it is consumed, their study found.
The researchers also asked people how long they waited to drink their tea after pouring it. Those who
said they waited two to three minutes were nearly 2.5 times more likely to develop the cancer compared
with people who said they waited at least four minutes. Impatient tea drinkers who waited less than two
minutes were 5.4 times as likely to be diagnosed with esophageal cancer, the study found.
The study didn"t assess the mechanism linking hot tea to esophageal cancer, but the researchers said
the temperature of the liquid was almost certainly to blame rather than the compounds in the tea itself. |
| 1. According to the passage, _____ were thought to be two main causes of esophageal cancer. |
A. drinking hot tea and smoking
B. drinking alcohol and smoking
C. working in the kitchen and smoking
D. taking sunbaths and drinking alcohol |
| 2. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _____. |
A. the tea they drink
B. the way people drink tea
C. the temperature of the tea
D. the properties of the tea |
| 3. We can infer from the second paragraph that _____. |
A. drinking tea causes the cancer
B. few people drink tea in that area
C. 300 out of 571 people got the cancer
D. tea has no direct connection with the cancer |
| 4. Which would be the best title for this passage? |
A. Drinking Tea with Patience
B. An Esophageal Cancer Stricken Area
C. Temperature and Esophageal Cancer
D. Various Causes of Cancer |
答案
| 1-4: BCDC |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
The kitten was rescued, but didn"t make it out of surgery in one piece.
The veterinarian at Laurel Oaks Animal Hospital in Kingsland, now acting for the kitten, says she sees
animal abuse more often than you might imagine.
This kitten is playful and affectionate, but he has already seen how cruel a place the world can be.
Dr. Julie Clark Blount is the veterinarian treating the kitten now, "I think they were actually kicking him
or throwing him or something of that nature," said Blount, "They had damaged the whole bundle of nerves
that are up in the armpit and control the functioning of the entire leg, and it"s not something that would get
better over time."
Blount says they were forced to amputate his front right leg, "It doesn"t seem to bother him at all and he
runs and he plays and he loves attention and he"s pretty spoiled already, and he"s eating like a little pig, and
doing fabulously for us," said Blount.
Doing well, but Blount says other pets out there never survive abuse.
"He"s one of the lucky one," she said.
Blount says unless abusers like him are caught and prosecuted, they could go on to bigger and worse
things.
"We with there were more strict laws to protect animals because if they"re doing this to pets, then what
would then end up doing to people, or kids, or anything else later on down the road?" wonders Blount. |
| 1. From the passage, we can infer that the kitten is probably _____. |
A. a male cat
B. a female cat
C. a little boy
D. a little pig |
| 2. From the passage, we can know that _____. |
A. the kitten survived abuse
B. the kitten received an operation and recovered very well
C. the kitten"s front right leg was amputated because it didn"t seem to bother him at all
D. the kitten was damaged slightly |
| 3. Which part of the kitten was damaged? |
A.the armpit
B. the entire leg
C. the front right leg
D. the whole bundle of nerves |
| 4. The underlined word "veterinarian" in the second paragraph probably means _____. |
A. a scientist
B. a doctor treating animals
C. a doctor treating people
D. a lawyer |
| 5. The passage mainly wants to tell us that _____. |
A. the world is a cruel place
B. the kitten was one of the lucky ones
C. the kitten abuse is common
D. it"s necessary to make laws to protect animals |
| 阅读理解。 |
Having a large waistline can almost double your risk of dying prematurely (过早地) even if your body mass
index is within the "normal" range, according to a new study, over 350,000 people across Europe published
Wednesday in the US. magazine, New England Journal of Medicine.
The study provides strong evidence that storing excess (过量的) fat around the waist poses a significant
health risk, even in people not considered to be overweight obese (极肥胖的). It suggests that doctors should
measure a patient"s waistline and their hips as well as their body mass index as part of standard health cheeks,
according to the researchers from Imperial College London, the German Institute of Human Nutrition, and other
research institutions across Europe.
Comparing subjects with the same body mass index, the risk of premature death increased in a linear fashion
as the waist circumference increased. The risk of premature death was around double for subjects with a larger
waist (more than 120 cm for men and more then 100 cm for women) compared to subjects with a smaller waist
(less than 80cm for men and less than 65cm for women). Body mass index is commonly used to assess (评估)
if a person is of "normal" weight.
Each 5cm increase in waist circumference increased the mortality risk by 17 percent in men and 13 percent
in women, according to the study.
An increased risk of mortality (死亡率) may be particularly related to storing fat around the waistline because
fatty tissue in this areas secrete (分泌) cytokines (细胞因子), hormones (荷尔蒙) and metabolically (新陈代谢)
active compounds (混合物) that can contribute to the development of chronic (长期的) diseases, particularly
cardiovascular (心脏血管的) diseases and cancers, suggest the authors.
Tobias Pischon, the lead author of the paper, said "The most important result of our study is the finding that
not just being overweight, but also the distribution of body fat affects the risk of premature death of each
individual." |
| 1. According to a new study of over 350,000 people across Europe, a person has more risk of dying prematurely, _____. |
A. if his body mass index isn"t within normal range
B. if he has a large waistline
C. if his body mass index is within normal range
D. if he overweight |
| 2. Which of the following isn"t mentioned as part of standard health checks? |
A. weight
B. hip
C. body mass index
D. waistline |
| 3. Which of the following is NOT wrong? |
A. Each 5 cm increase in waist circumference increases the same mortality risk in men and women.
B. Body mass index is commonly used to assess (评估) if a person is large waistline.
C. The smaller waistline, the more mortality risk.
D. Large waistline almost doubles risk of dying prematurely. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Teeth are important. Strong, healthy teeth help you chew foods that help you grow. They help you speak
clearly. And, they help you look your best. Here are some tips for you to take care of your teeth.
1. Brush your teeth on the right way.
Brush your teeth at least twice a day-after breakfast and lunch or after sweet snacks, too. Brush all of your
teeth, not just the front ones, spend time brushing teeth along the sides and back of your mouth. Brush away
from your gums, too.
Spend at least three minutes each time you brush. Play a song you like to help pass the time. Get a new
toothbrush every three months. When you buy your toothbrush,be sure it has soft bristles (毛).
2. Learn how to floss your teeth.
Flossing is a very important way to keep your teeth healthy. Food may hide in places where a toothbrush
cannot get to, like the space between two teeth. Flossing can help get rid of it. Carefully move floss between
two teeth. Up and down. You"ll need to floss your teeth at least once a day.
3. Have good eating habits.
You need to be careful about what you eat and drink. Eating sugar is a major of tooth decay (腐败). Eating
sugar before you go to bed can make things even worse, eat lots of fruit and vegetables and drink water instead
of soda. |
| 1. The passage is mainly about _____. |
A. how to take care of your teeth
B. how to brush your teeth
C. how to form good eating habits
D. how to floss your teeth |
| 2. The underlined word "tips" in this passage means _____. |
A. money given to the waiter for personal services
B. piece of advice on how to do something
C. light blow, tape
D. thin end of something |
| 3. When you brush your teeth, at least _____ minute(s)is necessary. |
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4 |
| 4. Which is NOT mentioned in this passage? |
A. Flossing your teeth.
B. Having good eating habits.
C. Brushing your teeth.
D. Going to see the dentist. |
| 5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to this article? |
A. We should brush our teeth at least twice a day.
B. Flossing can help to get rid of the food hidden between two teeth.
C. One of the major causes of tooth decay is eating sugar.
D. We don"t have to brush our teeth if we eat a lot of fruit and vegetables. |
| 阅读理解。 |
In 2004, the World Health Organization, WHO, warned of a possible outbreak of another serious disease
which may be even more deadly than SARS. The WHO believes that it is likely that bird flu will spread to
human beings in the next few years. If it does, up to seven millions people could die from the disease.
Diseases like bird flu are caused by viruses, that is, tiny things which change and become more dangerous
over time. When a new type of a common virus changes, it may be able to get past the body"s immune system.
If that happens, humans are in great danger until a cure or treatment becomes available.
There have always been viruses and people always get sick, of course, but as we saw with SARS, the
situation is more difficult today. People travel more than ever before, which means that disease can spread
quickly and across large areas-in fact the whole world.
Scientists are already working on drugs that will prevent or limit the effect of a new virus, but the process
takes time. It is just as important to make sure that countries, especially poor countries, are prepared to deal
with the disease. New disease usually affect poor areas the most, so we must help develop health care in all
countries. |
| 1. The situation is more serious today because _____. |
A. people travel more
B. people don"t eat health food
C. there aren"t enough hospitals
D. scientists can"t find a cure |
| 2. From this passage we know _____. |
A. bird flu will surely spread to human beings in the next few years
B. a virus changes and become less dangerous over time
C. SARS is 1ikely to come again in some years
D. poor areas usually suffers more from Dew diseases than rich areas |
| 3. The possible title of this passage is _____. |
A. The Work of WHO
B. Scientists Are Working Hard on Drugs for Diseases
C. What Is a Virus
D. Virus Changes and Causes New Diseases Over Time |
| 阅读理解。 |
If international leaders were as united as the scientific community on climate change, global warming might
be a thing of the past. "The world"s scientists have spoken clearly and with one voice," UN Secretary General
Ban Ki Moon said, "I expect the world"s policymakers to act the same."
Unfortunately, the global political community is a long way from speaking with one voice on anything, and
climate change is no exception. We"ll know for sure next week,when environment and energy ministers from
around the world meet on the Indonesian island of Bali for the UN"s climate change conference. The summit
(首脑会议) has been held nearly every year since 1992, when the UNFCCC (《联合国气候变化框架公约》)-
the document that has since guided international work on global warming-was agreed on. It was at the 1997
conference that the Kyoto Protocol was passed, but since then, there has been little progress.
This year"s talks will be the most important international environmental discussions in over a decade. The
Kyoto Protoco-which requires developed nations who have agreed on the solution to cut their greenhouse gas
emissions (排放) to about 5％ below their 1990 levels by 2012-comes to an end in just five years. The world
needs to begin immediately at Bali the process of preparing another document like Kyoto to be ready by the
end of 2012. Otherwise, we"ll be faced with a global vacuum (真空状态), just at the very moment when
greenhouse emissions must begin falling in order to avoid dangerous climate change.
The good news is that, just last week,150 top global corporations approved a request calling for necessary
cuts in greenhouse gas emissions, a business position that was unthinkable just a year ago. Australia-a Kyoto
holdout, like the U.S.-has just elected a new prime minister with a strong environmental record who says he"ll
support the protocol. The U.S. Congress and representatives have also stepped in and taken their own steps
on climate change.
"There is a building sense that enough time has been wasted and that it is time to act," said Jennifer
Haverkamp, international counsel for Environmental Defense. |
| 1. The passage was written to tell us that _____. |
A. developed countries should cut their greenhouse gas emissions
B. international leaders should be united to work on climate change
C. greenhouse emissions are beginning to fall to avoid global warming
D. there has been little progress since the Kyoto Protocol was passed |
2. This year"s talks will be the most important international environmental discussions in over a decade
because _____. |
A. no such summit will be held again before the end of 2012
B. people in the world have been faced with a global vacuum
C. the solution in the Kyoto Protocol isn"t practical and it isn"t in effect now
D. a new document needs to be prepared before the Kyoto Protocol ends |
| 3. The underlined word "holdout" in paragraph 4 probably means _____. |
A. one supporting to do something
B. one saying something may happen
C. one keeping on doing something
D. one keeping refusing to do something |
4. Which is the correct order,according to the events in the passage?
a. The Kyoto Protocol was passed.
b. The Kyoto Protoco1 will come to an end.
c. The first summit was held and the UNFCCC was agreed on.
d. The UN"s climate change conference will be held on the island of Bali.
e. 150 top global corporations approved a request calling for cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. |
A. c-a-e-d-b
B. e-d-c-b-a
C. c-a-b-d-e
D. a-c-d-e-b |
| 5. What we can infer from the passage is that _____. |
A. the ex-prime minister of Australia was against the Kyoto Protocol
B. leaders will soon unite in acting and no time will be wasted in talking
C. Ban Ki Moon expects the world"s policymakers to act like scientists
D. international leaders will speak clearly with one voice at the Bali summit |
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