A. Causes of dental fluorosis B. Negative effects of fluoride C. Safe use of fluoride D. The expert"s background information E. No need to worry about fluoride poisoning F. Solutions to improper use of fluoride |
| 阅读理解。 |
| Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That"s why a new study of French workers is welcome news. Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue (疲劳) in people after they got retired while they were still employed. The scientists followed employees of the French National Gas and Electric Company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period. Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions (养老金) that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries. "The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important," Westerlund says. "We don"t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won"t see the improvements we did." However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees" health after they leave their jobs-with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work. |
| (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 1. According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like _______. 2. Westerlund"s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both _______. 3. What does the word "improvements" in paragraph 5 refer to? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Retirement may make people happier with ______. |
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| I know what you"re thinking: Pizza? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night"s leftovers in the a.m. if you want to. I know lots of women who skip breakfast, and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it. Some say they don"t have time, others think they"re "saving" calories, still others just don"t like breakfast food. But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you"re trying to lose weight. "Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all," says Katherine Brooking, R.D., who developed the super-easy eating plan for this year"s "SELF CHALLENGE". And even pizza can be healthy if it"s loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece. Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal. So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night"s leftovers-it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, "You can always eat it tomorrow," I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it... you may save yourself some pre- bedtime calories. And watch your body gain the fat-burning effects. |
| 1. The word "leftovers" in Paragraph l probably means ____. |
| A. food remaining after a meal B. things left undone C. meals made of vegetables D. pizza topped with fruit |
| 2. What can we infer from the text? |
| A. Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry. B. Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. C. There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. D. Eating vegetables helps save energy. |
| 3. According to the last paragraph, it is important to ____. |
| A. eat something for breakfast B. be careful about what you eat C. heat up food before eating it D. eat calorie-controlled food |
| 4. The text is written mainly for those ____. |
| A. who go to work early B. who want to lose weight C. who stay up late D. who eat before sleep |
| 阅读理解。 |
| America is a country on the move. In unheard-of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health. According to the latest figures, 59 percent of American adults exercise regularly-up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago. Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active. It is hard not to get the message. The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads of everything from beauty soaps to travel books. Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of" doing regular physical exercises. Growing publicity (宣传) for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of running. Although running has leveled off in recent years as Americans have discovered equally rewarding-and sometimes safer- forms of exercise, such as walking and swimming, running remains the most popular form of exercise. As the popularity of exercise continues to mount, so does scientific evidence of its health benefits. The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle groups vigorously (强有力地) enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months. |
| 1. It can be learnt from the passage that the health benefits of exercise ____. |
| A. are to be further studied B. are self-evident C. are yet to be proved D. are supported by scientific evidence |
| 2. A growing interest in sports developed after ____. |
| A. an increasing number of races were held in American cities B. research showed their health benefits C. scientific evidence of health benefits was shown on TV ads D. people got the message from magazine covers and postage stamps |
| 3. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? |
| A. Exercise-The Road to Health B. Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits C. Different Forms of Exercise D. Running-A Popular Form of Sport |
| 4. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase "leveled off" in the paragraph 2? |
| A. Reached its lowest level in popularity. B. Stopped being popular. C. Stopped increasing in popularity. D. Become very popular. |