完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）Picture this situation. It is late afternoon and
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完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Picture this situation. It is late afternoon and you are 36 . You have an important dinner engagement that evening so you 37 to take an hour nap. Instead of setting your alarm you ask a friend who is visiting to wake you in an hour. He 38 .
Two hours later, your friend wakes you. You ask, “Why didn’t you wake me after one hour?” He 39 that he thought you asked him to wake you in two hours and that is what he said. You then have to run around and get ready 40 , muttering to yourself about how you 41 have set the alarm rather than asking your friend to wake you. Had you done that, you would not have been so 42 to get ready.
Your conclusion is correct. Your 43 of what happened looked at the system you used. Your friend’s 44 to wake you resulted from a miscommunication. 45 he didn’t hear you correctly or you misspoke.
46 at the situation from the point of view of being personally responsible is always better than blaming yourself or another. So how do you best be “responsible” in this situation? The answer is 47 in systems thinking.
Dr. W. Edward Deming is the American statistician who is credited with 48 the quality practices to Japan. 49 his arrival in that country in 1950, the label “made in Japan” was synonymous with inferior(劣等的) quality. Now the same “made in Japan” label is synonymous(等同) with 50 quality.
So what did Dr. Deming teach the Japanese that made such a 51 to the quality of their products? The answer is quite simple, yet profound. 52 on years of statistical analysis, Deming was able to validate(证明) that 94 % of all failures are not because people don’t want to do a good job. The fact is that 53 people want to do a good job.
What, then, is the 54 if it’s not the people?
It’s the system. The system failed in 94% of the 55 , not the people.
36. A. relaxed B. puzzled C. concerned D. tired
37. A. try B. decide C. promise D. expect
38. A. agrees B. admits C. accepts D. adopts
39. A. wonders B. doubts C. replies D. requests
40. A. carelessly B. quickly C. angrily D. suddenly
41. A. should B. could C. might D. would
42. A. slow B. rushed C. uncertain D. satisfied
43. A. understanding B. presentation C. description D. analysis
44. A. forgetfulness B. unwillingness C. failure D. fault
45. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. Whether
46. A. Glaring B. Staring C. Glancing D. Looking
47. A. left B. found C. received D. completed
48. A. bringing B. turning C. fetching D. leading
49. A. Until B. After C. Before D. Since
50. A. different B. poor C. best D. high
51. A. difference B. destruction C. decoration D. distinction
52. A. Based B. Relied C. Focused D. Counted
53. A. few B. fewer C. more D. most
54. A. reason B. cause C. effect D. result
55. A. incidents B. accidents C. cases D. actions |
答案
| 36-40 DBACB 41-45ABDCA 46-50DBACD 51-55 AADBC |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
It’s Friday morning in the year of 2050, and you’re running late. You got distracted(分心) watching the music video that was playing in the corner of your bathroom mirror while you were brushing your teeth. How will you get to your office on time?
A quick check of your internet-connected refrigerator magnet tells your train, which travels at speeds up to 230 miles an hour, is a bit behind schedule, too. So you decide to drive your environmentally-friendly hydrogen fuel cell car instead, or rather, let your car drive you. It’s programmed to know the way, and it will get you there without speeding, getting lost, or crashing.
Settling into your office chair, which changes colour to match what you’re wearing, you pick up yesterday morning’s newspaper. Printed on reusable electronic paper, it instantly rewrites itself with today’s headlines. Now it’s time for your big meeting. Uh-oh! You’ve left your handwritten notes at home. No problem. The digital ink pen you used has stored an electronic copy of what you wrote.
Your wristwatch videophone suddenly rings. Your best friend’s face pops up on the organic light-emitting diode screen asking what you’re doing this weekend. “Will you slap on your 3-D contact lenses and play virtual soccer with the US Olympic team?” “No, no,” Your friend says, “I want to take the elevator which is made of microscopic fibers many times stronger than steel to get into space.”
Could this scene really take place in just a couple of decades? The researchers who are currently developing all this stuff think so. These gadgets(器械) may be as common in 20 years as cell phones and DVD players are today.
63. According to the passage, __________.
A. your office colour will change to that of what you’re wearing
B. newspapers will go electronic C. you usually go to work by car
D. the digital ink pen makes writing so easy
64. You decide to use your hydrogen fuel cell car because __________.
A. it is safe, quick and comfortable B. it is environmentally-friendly
C. your train is late for some reason D. you are too late to catch your train
65. What will life be like in the year of 2050 according to the passage?
A. Space tourism will be a reality. C. Transportation will be trouble-free.
B. Videophones will replace face-to-face communication.
D. People will have more time to go in for their hobbies. |
Being the boss might mean more money and challenging work but it can also cause damage to physical and mental well-being, according to a Canadian study.
For years studies have shown people in lower-status jobs generally have higher rates of heart disease and other illnesses and die earlier than those in higher-status positions while job authority has shown no relationship with workers’ health.
But University of Toronto researchers, using data from 1,800 US workers, found the health of people in higher positions is affected by work as they are more likely to report conflicts with co-workers and say work disturbs their home life.
However, the positive aspects of having a power position at work, such as higher status, more pay and greater independence, seemed to cancel out the negative aspects when it came to people’s physical and psychological health.
These latest findings, reported in the journal Social Science & Medicine, suggest that the advantages and disadvantages authority positions basically cancel each other out, giving the general impression that job authority has no health effects.
For the study, the researchers surveyed participants about various aspects of their work, life and well-being. Job authority was judged based on whether a person managed other employees and had power over hiring, firing and pay.
Physical health complaints included problems like headaches, body aches, heartburn and tiredness. Psychological complaints included sleep problems, difficulty concentrating and feelings of sadness, worry and anxiety.
“This isn’t to suggest that having authority is ‘bad’—in fact, we show it has benefits ... but it is important to identify the negative sides and deal with them.” researcher Scott Schieman said.
Schieman said conflicts with co-workers or involvement of work into home life may destroy at physical and mental well-being by creating stress.
“These are key stressors that can tax individuals’ ability to function effectively,” Schieman said.
56. Work will have a negative effect on job authority’s health probably because __________.
A. they are not fit for their work
B. they have power over hiring and pay
C. they are faced with severe competition
D. they don’t get on well with their co-workers
57. Most people don’t see that bosses have health effects because __________.
A. their health problems are not serious enough to see
B. they have enough money to keep themselves healthy
C. their problems are quite different from those of workers
D. the advantages and disadvantages of their status work against each other
58. From the passage we can infer that the study aims to _________.
A. warn people not to be a boss for ever
B. remind the boss to deal with the bad effects of their work
C. show that having authority is harmful to one’s health
D. prove that being a boss can benefit a lot
59. The best title for this passage might be ________.
A. Lower-status can affect health B. Authority can affect health
C. Positive aspects of a power position D. Disadvantages of being a boss |
完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Freda Bright says, "Only in opera do people die of love." It"s true. You really can"t love somebody to death.
A heart-warming story tells of a woman who finally decided to ___36____ her boss for a raise in salary. All day she felt ___37____ and apprehensive（惴惴不安）. Late in the afternoon she ___38____ the courage to approach her employer. To her delight, the boss agreed to a raise.
The woman arrived home that evening to a beautiful table ___39____ with their best dishes. Candles were softly glowing. Her husband had come home early and prepared a festive meal. She ___40____ if someone from the office had ___41____ him off, or... did he just ___42____ know that she would not get turned down? She found him in the kitchen and told him the good ___43____. They embraced and kissed, then ___44____ down to the wonderful meal. Next to her plate the woman found a beautifully lettered note. It ___45___: "Congratulations, darling! I knew you"d get the raise! These things will tell you how much I love you."
___46___ the supper, her husband went into the kitchen to clean up. She ___47___ that a second card had fallen from his pocket. Picking it off the ___48___, she read: "Don"t worry about not getting the raise! You ___49___ it anyway! These things will tell you how much I love you."
Someone has said that the ___50___ of love is when you love without measure. What this man feels for his spouse（配偶）is total ___51___ and love, ___52___ she succeeds or fails. His love ___53___ her victories and comforts her wounds. He stands with her, no matter what life throws in their ___54___.
Upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Mother Teresa said: "What can you do to ___55___ world peace? Go home and love your family." And love your friends. Love them without measure.
36. A. inform B. require C. ask D. advise
37. A. nervous B. excited C. embarrassed D. relaxed
38. A. called B. lifted C. scattered D. gathered
39. A. laid B. set C. made D. brought
40. A. realized B. knew C. mattered D. wondered
41. A. tipped B. cut C. put D. broke
42. A. somewhat B. somehow C. anyhow D. anyway
43. A. decision B. salary C. news D. employer
44. A. got B. looked C. sat D. lay
45. A. read B. wrote C. went D. told
46. A. Preparing B. Following C. Arranging D. Cooking
47. A. watched B. observed C. stared D. noticed
48. A. table B. bed C. floor D. pocket
49. A. deserve B. suppose C. answer D. honor
50. A. depth B. measure C. length D. width
51. A. preference B. absence C. assistance D. acceptance
52. A. whether B. what C. why D. where
53. A. shows B. supports C. celebrates D. approves
54. A. condition B. direction C. surroundings D. scenery
55. A. enjoy B. achieve C. settle D. promote |
D
It is a hot summer day，and you feel thirsty A friend gives you a glass of cold lemonade．How do you feel when you see the glass? Will you describe your feeling as happiness or as pleasure? I believe you will say it is a feeling of pleasure．There is a connection between these two kinds of feelings，and sometimes one causes the other，but they are not the same．Pleasure is more dependent on the five senses while happiness is independent of them．
When you are happy，little unpleasant events usually do not disturb you．When you are unhappy，you feel as if everything is against you．You may compensate for it by eating chocolate and sweets because this gives you pleasure；yet you stay unhappy．A person may smoke cigarettes
because it gives him pleasure，yet，this does not make him happier，especially if he knows the fact that it is not good for his health
The physical world is always in a changing state．At each moment a new thing is being created，changed，transformed and then destroyed. This is the normal state of things and no one call change it．If we stay still in a certain state，we are sure to experience unhappiness sooner or later．On the other hand，if we adjust to the environment，nothing can influence our moods．Then outer events have nothing to do with our inner joy of mind.
The room of the mind was filled with worry or fear．If you are free of thinking about them, the room has been emptied，and then you will see what is happening and experience it When your
mind stays quiet，you will see that happiness comes from the inside．
67．What does the underlined phrase“compensate for”in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A．to make a suitable payment for B．to let out your anger for
C．to provide with a balancing effect for D．to solve the problems for
68．According to the passage, in which of the following situations can you feel happy?
A．A friend gives you a glass of cold lemonade when you feel thirsty．
B．You eat chocolate and sweets when you feel as if everything is against you．
C．Smoke cigarettes even though you know the fact that it is not good for your health．
D．You are free from worry or fear when your mind stays quiet．
69．We can learn from the passage___________．
A．happiness is more dependent on the five sepses
B．pleasure sometimes arouses happiness
C．you feel happy when nothing around you changes in a certain state
D．you feel unhappy because you have to adjust to the environment
70．Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Pleasure Leads To Happiness B．Happiness Changes Us
C．Happiness Is Within Us D．Stay A Quiet Mind |
完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
My son was badly hurt in a fire. After he 36 from a series of treatments, the doctors told him they would not do any operation for six months 37 it took long for the skin to stop shrinking. So, he had to return to college with a visible 10-inch 38 on his face.
I said to my son, “Keaton, 39 will pay any more attention to your scar 40 you do. If it does not bother you, it will not bother 41 .” He took my advice to heart and returned to school with his head 42 high — glad he was alive.
43 , everyone has scars and shortcomings. Some of you may spend much time thinking that people 44 like you better, if you looked different, or dressed differently, or could have a different and newer 45 .
But you see, like Keaton’s scar, people will only judge you by your looks, or your 46 , or your car, if you are judging yourself by these same false 47 .
One of my friends in college was very 48 . At first, when people met him, they noticed his 49 for about 10 seconds. But this man felt good about himself and spent most of his time 50 about other people’s comfort and welfare. 51 , people ignored his looks. What people 52 was his kindness and his concern for them. He didn’t act in an ugly way so people didn’t 53 him an ugly man.
Therefore, concentrate on 54 you value with yourself, because if you can see that beautiful person, everyone you are in contact with will see the same 55 .
36．A．cured B．recovered C．improved D．returned
37．A．because B．though C．until D．before
38．A．cut B．wound C．injure D．scar
39．A．none B．anyone C．everyone D．no one
40．A．as B．like C．than D．when
41．A．yet B．still C．too D．either
42．A．put B．held C．taken D．hung
43．A．After all B．In conclusion C．In fact D．Above all
44．A．will B．would C．can D．may
45．A．house B．telephone C．job D．car
46．A．clothes B．hairstyle C．figure D．salary
47．A．means B．standards C．comments D．rules
48．A．smart B．optimistic C．rude D．ugly
49．A．manners B．expressions C．looks D．actions
50．A．inquiring B．asking C．knowing D．caring
51．A．Completely B．Gradually C．Obviously D．Suddenly
52．A．wanted B．understood C．brought D．saw
53．A．regard B．look C．consider D．treat
54．A．what B．that C．which D．how
55．A．kindness B．concern C．beauty D．perfection |
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