直接引语变间接引语 时间状语从句

题目

直接引语变间接引语 时间状语从句

答案

直接引语是陈述句时,若变成间接引语,结构上是将原先的单独一个句子变成一个宾语从句.如He said,“I can speak English．”这句话变成间接引语则是：He said that he could speak English．原先的单独一句I can speak English变成了that he could speak English作said的宾语了.
直接引语是陈述句变成间接引语时,存在引导从句的连接词问题.事实上,直接引语是陈述句时,变成间接引语后的连接词常是that,而且这个连词that常可以省去.
（1）在时态方面,若主句谓语动词是现在时,直接引语变成间接引语后的从句则无需变化；若直接引语中的内容是客观真理,直接引语变成间接引语时则无需变化.但若主句是过去时,直接引语变成间接引语后的从句中动词时态变化规律是：
现在时变过去时,过去时一般变过去完成时.具体地说,直接引语中的一般现在时,现在进行时和一般将来时变成间接引语后分别变为一般过去时,过去进行时和过去将来时；一般过去时则变为过去完成时；直接引语中的过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时变成间接引语后则一般仍然维持原先在直接引语中的时态.如：
1．Henry said,“I don't want to stay here．”→Henry said that he didn't want to stay there．
2．He will say,“The girl was lazy．”→He will tell you that the girl was lazy．
（2）在人称方面,存在人称的变化,变化规律常常是：
a．直接引语中的第一人称常跟主句的主语一致.如：
He said,“I have finished my homework．”→He said（that）he had finished his homework．
b．直接引语中的第二人称常常依主句中位于动词后面的谈话对象而定,若后面没有谈话对象,则常变为第一人称.如：
Tom said,“You must finish your homework today．”→Tom said I had to finish my homework that day．
c．直接引语中的第三人称变为间接引语时,常不变.如：
He said,“She is tired．”→He said she was tired．
（3）在指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及个别动词方面,都有这样一个变化规律：
这变那,过去变以前；来变去,明天变为第二天.
“这变那”指的是this→that；these→those；now→then；today→that day；here→there
“过去变以前”指的是yesterday→the day before；last night→the night before；ago→before
“来变去”指的是come→go
“明天变为第二天”指的是tomorrow→the next／following day
巩固练习题
变下列直接引语为间接引语：
1．She said,“Let's go to see the film tonight．”
2．They said,“These are our books．”
3．He said,“The earth turns around the sun．”
答案：
1．She asked us to go to see the film that night．
2．They said（that）those were their books．
3．He said that the earth turns around the sun．