to do有哪些用法,比如说I have instructed my client to remain silent.此句中to do表示什么

to do有哪些用法,比如说I have instructed my client to remain silent.此句中to do表示什么

题目
to do有哪些用法,比如说I have instructed my client to remain silent.此句中to do表示什么
答案
此句中的to do 表示 动词不定式,instructed sb to sth 告诉某人做某事
动词不定式(to do)可以作如下几种状语:
1)目的状语
in order to do sth.
so as to do sth.
to do sth.
2)程度状语(也有说成表示程度的结果状语)
adj./adv.+ enough + to do sth.
too + adj./adv.+to do sth.
so + adj./adv.+ as + to do sth.(注意不要遗漏as)
such + adj.+ a/an c.n.(单数)/c.n.(复数) + as + to do sth.
3)出其不意/出乎意料的结果
only/never + to do sth.
I arrived at the station only to find the train had left.
对比:预料之内的结果用分词作状语
I slipped,breaking the vase.
4)偶尔用作的条件状语(高中不要求掌握)
相对来说,动词不定式作状语的用法是较为简单的.
1由 too构成的短语
too所构成的短语,常用的有如下一些:
1)all too实在太(很),all too soon /quickly太早(太快).例如:
The holidays ended all too soon.假期结束得太早了.
2)none too一点也不.例如:
We were none too early for the train.我们刚好赶上火车.
3)only too极其,非常.例如:
We shall be only too pleased to hear from you further.我们非常欢迎你再来信.(注意这里不是too...to...结构)
The news was only too true.这消息是千真万确的.
4)quite too简直太…….例如:
It’s quite too surprising!这简直太让人吃惊了!
5)rather too稍微……了一点.例如:
The soup is rather too salty.汤稍微咸了一点.
6)too...to...太……以至不能…….例如:
The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box.这男孩太虚弱,举不起那个重箱子.
当too...to...跟少数形容词(如ready,glad,pleased,apt,willing,inclined,eager,easy,satisfied等)搭配时,不定式无否定意义.例如:
He is too ready to promise.他轻于许诺.
Beginners are too apt to make mistakes.初学者极易出错.
He is too much inclined to give himself airs.他太喜欢装模作样了.
需要注意的是,too...to...的否定形式nottoo...to...的意思是"不是太……而不能".例如:
He is not too young to dress himself.他不是小得连衣服都不会穿.
It is never too late to learn.活到老,学到老.
在写作时灵活运用这些短语,会使文章简洁,含义清楚.这里要指出的是,在以上的这些短语中,too的含义是以"太,非常"为主.too还因此形成一类特殊而重要的用法,具体如下:
2cannot(或can never)...too...表示"怎么……也不会过分"、"越……越好"的含义.如:
1)One can never be too careful in one’s work.工作越细越好.
2)One cannot be too careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.因为这是一个如此重要的问题,所以在做出决定时无论怎样谨慎都不过分.
3)You cannot praise the play too highly.这出戏你无论怎样称赞都不会过分.
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