1 the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs.fishing 在这作动名词还是现在分词作定语？如何区分？

题目

1 the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs.fishing 在这作动名词还是现在分词作定语？如何区分？
2but favourite eating varieties eating是动名词还是现在分词作定语如何区分？
3So it comes as a surprise to learn that gaint fish are terrifying the divers on north sea oil rigs.are terrifying代表现在进行时吗？
4have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work这句话是现在进行时吗？
5the plentiful supply of food thrown overboard by the crews on the rigs thrown 是过去分词吧？这句话不是被动语态吧？为什么thrown后面直接接overboard?

答案

1.fishing是动名词做定语.
动名词做定语,一般表示被修饰名词的用途,再如：washing machine,swimming pool等
而现在分词做定语,表示被修饰词和分词的主动关系或分词动作的正在进行,如：falling leaves,developing country等.
2.eating表示用途,同样是动名词做定语,区别原则同上.
3.are terrifying的确是现在进行时,并非分词充当形容词用法,因为其后有宾语the divers.
形容词之后是不能直接加名词做宾语,而是充当后者的定语,这样的话,叫前面的are和后面的the情何以堪?
4.不是.
have been frightened这是现在完成时,而bumping into them是现在分词短语做后置定语修饰giant fish.
5.thrown是过去分词,它构成的短语thrown overboard by the crews,也做后置定语修饰food.
当然这也不是被动语态.如果是,则be动词缺失,不过,它的确表明food和throw之间的被动关系.
overboard是副词,做非谓语动词thrown的状语.
分词也有动词的特征,当然也可以用副词来修饰它.
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