阅读理解。 A research shows that expressions on our faces have a strong relations
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| 阅读理解。 |
A research shows that expressions on our faces have a strong relationship with our genes (基因).
According to the study, facial expressions of our feelings are innate and are not achieved in cultural
learning.
This is the first research to show that blind people have the same facial expressions as the sighted
when showing certain feelings-the same facial muscles (肌肉) start working. What"s more, the research
gives the new method of how people control their feelings in certain social situations. It states that people
do not leam to manage their facial expressions by examining the expressions of others.
In his study, David Matsumoto, San Francisco State University Psychology Professor, examined
facial expressions of bhnd and sighted judo athletes (柔员) that took part in the Summer Olympics and
Paralympics (残奥会). He examined over 4 800 pictures of different athletes who came from 23 countries.
Matsumoto found that both blind and sighted sportsmen had the same facial expressions, according to a
specific social situation.
"This suggests genes decide facial expressions of feelings," he said.
One of his findings was the "social smiles" of judo athletes who lost their match and got the second
place. It is interesting to find that only mouth muscles are used in social smiles, while during real smiles,
shown when a person is really happy, the eyes of a person twinkle and get smaller and the cheeks (脸颊)
rise.
"Losers pu8hed their lower lip up as if to control the feeling on their face and many produced social
smiles," said Matsumoto. "People blind from birth were unable to leam to manage their feelings with the
help of examining others" facial expressions." He thought that there must be another system involved.
"It"s possible that in order to hide sad feelings, humans have developed a system that closes the mouth
so that they are stopped from crying, biting or rudeness," he said. |
| 1. The underlined word "innate" in the first paragraph means _____. |
A. from birth
B. from daily life
C. from others
D. from teaching |
| 2. According to the passage, real smiles are different from social smiles in _____. |
A. opening the eyes
B. using facial muscles
C. closing the mouth
D. watching others" expressions |
| 3. How does the writer make us believe the new findings? |
A. By telling us an interesting story.
B. By interviewing some researchers.
C. By showing the results of the research.
D. By giving the answers to the questions. |
| 4. Which can be the best title for the passage? |
A. Smiles and Olympics
B. Blind and Sighted Athletes
C. Social Smiles and Real Smiles
D. Genes and Facial Expressions |
答案
| 1-4 ABCD |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
All over the planet, they are disappearing. Scientists are worried. It may mean the end of the world. I"m
not talking about disappearing frogs. I"m talking about absent vowels (元音). I got a message the other day
that said," Mt@ 3rd st crnr@ 12", signed (签字) "BT". What did it mean? A young man in the office told
me that BT meant" beauty" and translated:" A beautiful young woman wants to meet you at the corner of
Third Street at noon."
The following week I was at a private dining club when a Hong Kong banker named David told me he
had met with a man who pronounced his name Choong,but spelt C - H - N - G." There can"t be many names
with no vowels in them," he said. It turned out he was sitting next to a Singaporean doctor named Ng. Vowels
are disappearing at high speed among businesses, too. Ever wondered what happened to Reebok, the
sportswear company? It"s still around but has renamed itself Rbk. Kentucky Fried Chicken became KFC.
I"ve read articles saying that the no-vowels trend (趋向) is caused by companies trying to give their
products the shorthand spelling liked by young people. But a research finds that the real reason is often more
uninteresting. Flickr,one of the busiest websites on the Internet, was set up by people who wanted the name
Flicker but were too careless to register (注册) that word.
Have any readers ever been to a small town in the mountains of California called Zzyzx? A man named
Curtis Howe Springer founded it as a health club and called it Zzyzx because he thought it sounded different.
The business failed. People who looked through lists for somewhere to go never reached it.
Older readers may remember the computer game Zzyzzyzz that appeared in 1982. Fans did not know
how to ask for it. James Gleick"s book Faster has been re-titled FSTR. But the revision is half-hearted with
the main text of the book still having vowels. Why not write the whole book in the simpler way? U cn stll rd
the wtht vwls. On the other hand,just know that vowel-free words can be explained in different ways. One
day I"ll get a message from a BT who may be a beauty. But I"m afraid a bat (蝙蝠) will be out there. |
| 1. The writer"s purpose in the passage is _______. |
A. to introduce a new trend
B. to study a new language
C. to correct a new mistake
D. to show a new method |
| 2. The word "around" in the third paragraph means _______. |
A. on every side
B. here and there
C. present in a place
D. without special purposes |
| 3. What"s the result of the use of vowel-free words,according to the passage? |
A. It makes communication easier.
B. It helps us write more quickly.
C. It bringsa lot of fun to people.
D. It causes some trouble in life. |
| 4. What does the writer think of the use of vowel-free words? |
A. He doubts the idea a little.
B. He doesn"t mind the matter.
C. He doesn"t think it"s good to do so.
D. He accepts the idea at last. |
| 阅读与表达。 |
Happiness is U-shaped, for we are happier at the start and end of our lives but hit a slump (低潮) when
we are middle-aged, scientists from England and America say. They have studied the information on the
mental (心理的) health of two million people from 80 countries.
In England, the probability of low spirits for men and women reaches the highest point at around 44 years
of age. In America, though, there is a big difference between men and women. Among women, unhappiness
reaches the highest point at around the age of 40, but among men, it is about 50.
But the U-shape of happiness is unchanging around the world, and the mid-life sadness happens regardless
of marital status (婚姻状况), changes in jobs or pay. It happens to men and women, to single and married
people, to rich and poor, and to those with and without children.
One possibility may be that people realize many of their dreams won"t come true at middle age. The
researchers said another reason could be that seeing their middle- aged friends die one by one, people begin to
value their own remaining years and their Iove of the nature and long for peaceful and free life once more.
But the good news is that if people make it to aged 70 and are still physically fit, they are on average (平均)
as happy as a 20-year-old person. For the average people in the modem world, the fall in mental health and
happiness doesn"t come on suddenly in a single year. Only in their fifties do people get out of this low period. |
1. Do people feel happy at the start and end of their lives?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Where are the scientists in the passage from?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. When does the unhappiness reach the highest point among men in America, at the age of 40 or about 50?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the good news for a 70-year-old healthy man?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
5. How will a teenager feel in his future life according to the passage?
_____________________________________________________________________________________ |
| 阅读理解。 |
My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we used 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro, his CF & thr 3:-@ kids FTF ILNY,
its gr8.
Can you understand this sentence? If you can"t, don"t feel too bad: neither could the middle school teacher
in England who received this as homework. This is Netspeak: the language of computerized communication
found on Internet or cellphones. To newcomers, it can look like a completely foreign language.So, what is
the "translation" of the sentence above? My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we
used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three screaming kids face to face. I love
New York; it"s great.
Schoolteachers and parents say this new form of writing is harming (破坏)the English language.
Increasing spelling and grammatical mistakes can be seen in students" writing. They fear the language could
become corrupted (面目全非的).
Everyone should just relax, say linguists (语言学家). They believe Netspeak is in fact more of a good
thing. David Crystal, from the University of Wales, argues that Netspeak and Internet create a new language
use and the almost lost art of diary writing has been picked up again. Geoffrey Nunberg, from Stanford
University, agrees."People get better at writing by writing," he says, "Kids who are now doing text messaging,
e-mail, and instant messages will write at least as well as, and possibly better than, their parents."
Linguist James Millroy says, for centuries, it is believed without exception that young people are harming
the language. And you can bet your bottom dollar that when today"s teenagers become tomorrow"s parents,
they too will think this way. Milroy argues that languages do not and cannot become"corrupted"; they simply
change to meet the new needs.
However, Netspeakers do agree that it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard
English. Cynthia McVey says, "I can understand Netspeak worries teachers and it"s important that they get
across to their pupils that text messaging is for fun, but that learning to write proper English is a must for their
future."
Perhaps we should give teenagers a little more trust anyway. Erin, age 12, says, "I wouldn"t use text
language in my homework. Texting is just for fun" |
| 1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? |
A. To give an example of a foreign language.
B. To show an example of creative methods.
C. To express worries about using Netspeak.
D. To lead in the topic of Netspeak. |
| 2. Which of the following is true according to the passage? |
A. Cynthia McVey points out teenagers can deal with Netspeak properly.
B. Geoffrey Nunberg believes Netspeakers can write Standard English.
C. David Crystal thinks Netspeak helps develop the habit of writing.
D. James Milroy says that language is changing and improving. |
| 3. The expression "bet your bottom dollar" in Paragraph 5 means ______. |
A. be fairly sure
B. be greatly surprised
C. think it a pity
D. find it interesting |
| 4. What can be the best title for the passage? |
A. Netspeak: A Widely-Used Language on Internet
B. Is Netspeak Harming the English Language?
C. Is Netspeak Helpful in Language Learning?
D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages |
| 阅读理解。 |
Growing kids need sleep, as do people of all ages. Indeed, research shows that health and safety both
suffer when we try to get by with too little shuteye. So it"s fortunate that our bodies do such a good job
of waming us when it"s time to hit the sack.
Like humans, other animals also take time out to rest. You"ve probably seen a lion dozing at the zoo,
or maybe watched our dog snooze away lying in its bed. In fact, sleep is a necessity for every animal that"s
ever been studied.
How long animals sleep, though, varies widely. Elephants and giraffes sleep only about 2 to 4 hours a
day, while bats may nod off for up to 20 hours. Ducks sleep together, and the birds on the edge of the group
sleep with the outside eye open and half of their brain awake-probably to keep watch while the other half of
their brain snoozes. Some birds may even sleep while flying. The fact that all animals make time for sleeping,
even under very dangerous situations, suggests that sleep is very important. And indeed, some facts suggest
that sleep is important for leaming and forming permanent memories.
But sleep may also be primarily a way for animals to save energy and stay out of harm. This may help
explain why meat-eating creatures sleep more than herbivores, which are animals that live only on plants.
Herbivores, like cows and zebras, need to spend more time searching for and grazing on food than meat eaters
do, such as lions and other big cats. So a big cat might be better off sleeping for a while after it eats, rather
than prowling around and risking injury.
But that"s just a guess. Scientists need to study other animals as well before they can fully understand the
benefits (好处) of sleep and know which benefits are most important for a particular species (物种).
One thing is certain: enough sleep is important to health and learning. So give in when a strong wish to
sleep hits, and catch plenty of ZZZs. |
| 1. The underlined phrase "to hit the sack" means ____. |
A. to eat something
B. to drink something
C. to get up
D. to go to sleep |
| 2. From the last paragraph, we can infer ____. |
A. enough sleep may improve your learning in class
B. if you want to sleep in class, fall asleep immediately
C. you are easy to give in if you have plenty of sleep
D. if you have a strong wish to sleep, you are perhaps ill |
| 3. The main idea of the passage is about ____. |
A. all people need sleep
B. how animals sleep in the open air
C. why animals need sleep
D. when animals feel sleepy |
| 阅读短文，根据回答问题。 |
November 24, 1859 was a special day in London. On that day, many Londoners rushed to a bookstore to
buy a book that was just published. The first printing of 1250 copies sold out on the first day.
The popular book was The Origin of Species (《物种起源》) by British naturalist Charles Darwin (1809-
1882). In the book, Darwin argued that different forms of life could change over time because of natural
selection. This means that only those who are best suited to their environment will live and reproduce. Darwin
supported his arguments with examples he found during his around-the-world trip in the 1830s.
The book laid the foundation of modern biology. It changed how other scientists understood the appearance
of life on Earth.
A hundred and fifty years later, Darwin"s theory (理论) of natural selection still has great influence in the
world of science. But some people have a question: since medicine and modem life have made people healthier,
are we still evolving (进化) by natural selection?
The answer is yes,according to Stephen Stems and his team of Yale University researchers. They did a
study on 2 238 women in the US. They found that shorter,heavier women have more children than thinner,
taller ones. This trend (趋势) runs among their female children and grandchildren. So if this continues, women
in 400 years will be about 2cm shorter and a kilo heavier.
Stems" findings are supported by other scientists. For example, John Hawks at the University of Wisconsin,
US and his team believe they have found nearly 2000 gene variations(基因变异) in modem humans. Those
variations allow people to drink milk, fight disease and improve brain development. |
1. Was The Origin of Species a popular book?
_______________________________________________________________
2. When was the book published?
_______________________________________________________________
3. What does natural selection mean?
_______________________________________________________________
4. Why does the writer introduce Stemns" findings in the passage?
_______________________________________________________________
5. Why is Darwin"s theory of natural selection important?
_______________________________________________________________ |
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