XI’AN – China has introduced various emergency responses and long-term measures
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XI’AN – China has introduced various emergency responses and long-term measures against air pollution in the central and eastern regions.
The air quality index (AQI) for Xi’an reached 500 on Wednesday afternoon, at the top of the AQI scale, according to the national air quality monitoring website. Xi’an weather forecasters predict the smog (雾霾) will continue for the next week and air pollution may worsen.
“I have to keep buying masks for my family,” said Liu, buying masks at a pharmacy (药店) near her home in downtown Xi’an. “This is the only thing we can do to protect ourselves.”
On Wednesday, a city government emergency response plan was put into action, suspending all construction and taking at least 50 percent of government vehicles off the road. Power plants must limit their output and reduce emissions.
Nearly half the country, more than 100 cities in 20 provinces, has suffered from smog since last December. Many have taken action, including experimenting with artificial methods to reduce smog, limiting vehicle use and fining polluters.
Assessments based on GDP alone were abandoned last month and more emphasis has been put on public well-being and the environment. Whether the move will be effective in forcing local governments consider environmental issues over economic growth remains to be seen. Environmental protection professionals are doubtful about the immediacy of the effects of these measures.
Xiao Hang, an urban researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said it took London 50 years to lose the moniker (绰号) “foggy London town”, and Los Angeles still struggles to control its photochemical (光化学) smog. “We can’t ignore environmental problems during the development process and China has a long way to go,” he said.
小题1:What would be the best title for the article?| A．AQI for Xi’an reached 500 | | B．Smog crisis tries the limits of people’s patience | | C．Smoggy Chinese cities to clear the air | | D．Dust masks become hot sellers |
小题2:The underlined word “suspending” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by ________.| A．encouraging | B．stopping | C．continuing | D．expanding |
小题3:We can infer from the article that _________. | A．China is the only country suffering from smog | | B．environmental professionals believe the air quality will soon be improved with these measures | | C．assessments based on GDP alone were harmful to environmental protection | | D．Xi’an was the most polluted city in China |
小题4:What Xiao Hang said indicates _____________.| A．London still has serious air pollution after 50 years of effort | | B．the development of China is more important | | C．solving environmental problems requires great effort | | D．it’s normal for China to have environmental problems |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析:本文是一篇关于中国采取措施整治环境污染，减少雾霾的新闻报道。在文中作者提到了西安的空气质量，提到了西安市民以及政府对此采取的应对措施。也提到了国家为了整治环境污染而采取的措施，并且指出整治污染是一个长期的过程。
小题1:C主旨大意题 。本文是新闻报道，在文章首段提出中心，即：中国已经启动紧急预案和并且采取长期措施来应对雾霾天气，由此判断C选项内容更能体现文章中心，答案选C。
小题2:B 词义猜测题。根据第四段a city government emergency response plan was put into action,可知后文是对紧急应对计划的解释，由此推断应该是停止正在建设的项目，以减少污染，所以选B。
小题3:C推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知为了保护环境，考虑人们的健康，国家取消了仅仅依靠GDP做出的评估，由此推断仅靠看经济增长来进行评定的措施是不利于环境保护的，故答案选C。
小题4:C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“We can’t ignore environmental problems during the development process and China has a long way to go,和对伦敦治理雾霾的漫长过程可知解决环境问题需要人们付出很大的努力，故答案选C/ |
举一反三
A middle school student ,who jumped into the hot seat when his school bus driver passed out on the way to class this morning is being praised as a "quick thinker" for leading the bus. and 15 other students .to safety. Seventh grader Jeremy Wuitschick is being praised by the local police chief for his actions.
Wuitschick hopped out of his seat and grabbed the steering wheel(方向盘) . pulling the bus over to the side of the road before pulling the keys from the ignition(点火开关）“I"ll give the kid credit for fast thinking. He did the right thing and we"re going to do something for him. The kid definitely deserves credit." Milton Police Chief Bill Rhodes cold ABC News.
Police officers were informed of a school bus driving irregularly through town around 8 a.m. today .but by the time an officer arrived at the scene ,Wuitschick had had it under control. He had pulled the bus over in front of Discovery Primary School . which is near to the school where the students were headed .Surprise Lake Middle School. "I knew something was wrong." Wuitschick told ABC. " it was pretty scary. I was just acting on instinct .It was all happening really quickly."
Jeff Short .assistant dean for the Fife school district . said the students had been trained in emergency situations on the school bus .including how to shut down ,the bus in an emergency. A staff member at the school .John McCrossin . happened to be driving behind the bus when the driver lost consciousness(知觉) . and rushed onto the bus to administer CPR(心肺复苏 ) once Wuitschick had pulled over to the side of the road .Rhodes said.
The kids told McCrossin they had already called 911. The bus driver . whose name has not been released . was taken to the hospital. Emergency service personnel told school administrators he was suffering from a problem related to the heart. Short said his condition was severe. Rhodes said that there were no traffic accidents or other injuries.
小题1:Bill Rhodes praised Wuitschick because
A. he drove the school bus to campus
B he did bring the school bus to safety
C. he helped the police in public affairs
D. he successfully saved the bus driver
小题2:When the police reached the spot._______.
A. the bus driver had already recovered
B. the bus had just arrived at its destination
C. the bus had already been under control
D the bus was running crazily on the road
小题3:From the passage we can learn that_______.| A．Bill Rhodes gave Wuitschick a credit card for his deed | | B．McCtossin offered to call 911 when the event happened | | C．Jeff Short happened to be driving behind the school bus | | D．Wuitschick had been well trained in dealing with emergencies |
小题4:The passage is probably taken from______.| A．a personal diary | B．a news report | | C．an accident record | D．a research paper |
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The National Geographic Channel has unearthed a time capsule (时光宝盒) buried by late Apple chairman and co-founder Steve Jobs thirty years ago.
The time capsule was buried in Aspen .Colorado .in 1983, shortly after Jobs attended the International Design Conference being held in that city. Organizers called the device the Aspen Time Tube and contributed items like Rubik"s cubes(魔方) and some iconic music. Jobs added his own items to the capsule ,including the " Lisa" ( also known as an "Apple" )"mouse he used for his presentation at the conference. "
Younger readers may not recognize the name but the Lisa Apple mouse was one of the first commercial mice released to consumers. The mouse was specially designed for the Apple Lisa computer. It"s also the first personal computer to offer users a graphical user interface(图形用户界面)
Initially ,the plan was to dig up the time capsule in the year2000,but organizers forgot its exact location. Recently .they brought in researchers working with the National Geographic Channel show Diggers to find the device. Eventually they came across the 13-foot-long.1. 5-foot-diameter tube. inside they found a lot of 1980s artifacts(人工制品）that are still being catalogued.
“When the end came off .literally things just poured out .”noted Diggers host Tim Saylor "There must be literally thousands of things in there.”
“They had the foresight to put a bunch of stuff in plastic bags." Saylor said .“I could see at least a dozen plastic bags and other items. But I know for sure there got to be photographs in there. People had hand-written things on the back of the photographs ,so there will be some really interesting things inside.”
Among the artifacts researchers expect to discover inside :a Steve Jobs speech in which the Apple visionary outlines his predictions for future technologies. We should know more about the researchers ,discoveries once the Diggers program airs this fall.
小题1:Which of the following is true about the Lisa mouse?| A．The mouse was the first commercial one for consumers | | B．The mouse was created only for the Apple Lisa computer | | C．The mouse was buried in Aspen ,Colotado for two decades. | | D．The mouse was invented after the International Design Conference |
小题2:Why wasn"t the time capsule dug up in 2000?| A．Because it was not the time set by Steve Jobs. | | B．Because it could not be accurately located. | | C．Because organizers forgot its precise shape . | | D．Because the local government didn"t approve. |
小题3:From the passage we can infer that_______.| A．there were some special photographs found-inside the time capsule | | B．a Steve Jobs speech with future predictions was found inside the cap | | C．Steve Jobs predictions for future technologies have come true | | D．more about the capsule will be discovered in the Diggers program |
小题4:The best title for the passage might be _______.| A．The "Lost" Steve Jobs Time Capsule | | B．The Mystery of Steve Jobs Speech Solved | | C．Steve Jobs" 1983 Time Capsule Recovered | | D．Co-founder & Former Apple CEO Steve Jobs |
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Everyone has done experiments in high school laboratories, but have you ever thought about designing a satellite to explore space?
On Nov. 19, a team of students from Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in the US awed peers and even scientists by successfully launching a satellite.
The first satellite designed and built by high school students was sent up into space along with a record-setting. 28 other small ones on a rocket were sent from a NASA center in Virginia, CNN reported. It took the students seven years to build.
The students call their tiny satellite TJ3Sat, which is named after their school. It is just 10x10x12 centimeters and weighs only 0.89 kilograms, according to Orbital Sciences, a company which developed the rocket and supported the students’ project. It can be controlled with a smartphone.
Like most satellites, TJ3Sat can send and receive data. The small spacecraft is equipped with a voice synthesizer (合成器), which can switch text to voice and transmit those sounds back to Earth over radio waves, said Orbital officials. In this case, anyone can give it a try via the project’s website (school website) by submitting (提交) a text. The texts that get approved will be sent to the satellite, changed to voice and then broadcast back to Earth via radio waves.
“I can say ‘Go Colonials’ on our ground station and when it is on the other side of the world, in India, someone can hear ‘Go Colonials’over the radio,” the team explains on the website.
The satellite will stay in space for at least three months.
School principal Evan Glazer told The Washington Post that the project started in 2006 as an activity in the spare time. Later it became a research project for a select group of seniors.
At a time when American students are busy with SATs, the launch of the satellite shows what diligent teenagers can achieve when allowed to pursue their own curiosities, Glazer said.
“It used to be that kids growing up wanted to be an astronaut,” Andrew Petro, program executive (主管) for small spacecraft technology at NASA, said in a statement. “I think we might be seeing kids saying what they want to do is build a spacecraft. The idea here is that they really can do that.”
小题1: The underlined word “awed” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ___.| A．influenced | B．amazed | C．delighted | D．inspired |
小题2: Which of the following statements about TJ3Sat is TRUE according to the article?| A．It took a group of students about a decade to build the satellite. | | B．Besides TJ3Sat, 28 other small satellites were built by the students. | | C．TJ3Sat can receive text messages that the students send into space, which it can change to voice messages and broadcast back to Earth. | | D．TJ3Sat is expected to stay in orbit for the next year, sending out messages together with information about its position in space. |
小题3: According to the article, the launch of the satellite _______.| A．is evidence of the advance of spacecraft technology | | B．proves that hard-working teenagers can achieve a lot | | C．shows the importance of extracurricular activities at school | | D．has inspired many people to take an interest in space travel |
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Mona Lisa, the mysterious woman in Leonardo da Vinci"s 16th century masterpiece, had just given birth to her second son when she sat for the painting, a French art expert said on Tuesday. The discovery was made by a team of Canadian scientists who used special infrared(红外线) and three-dimensional（三维的）technology to study the paint layers on the work, which now sits in the Louvre museum in Paris.
Bruno Mottin of the French Museums" Center for Research and Restoration said that on very close examination of the painting it became clear that the Mona Lisa"s dress was covered in a thin transparent gauze veil.（透明面纱）
"This type of gauze dress was typical of the kind worn in early 16th century Italy by women who were pregnant or who had just given birth. This is something that had never been seen up to now because the painting was always judged to be dark and difficult to examine," he told a news conference.
"We can now say that this painting by Leonardo da Vinci was painted in memory of the birth of the second son of Mona Lisa, which helps us to date it more precisely to around 1503."The young woman with the ambiguous half smile has been identified as Lisa Gherardini, wife of Florentine merchant Francesco de Giocondo. She had five children.
"People always wrote that Mona Lisa had allowed her hair to hang freely over her shoulders. This greatly surprised historians because letting your hair hang freely during the Renaissance was typical of young girls and women of poor virtue (美德)," he said.
The team had hoped to discover more details about Leonardo’s painting techniques, which the artist used to create a hazy (朦胧的) effect. But scientist John Taylor said the team had been disappointed by the lack of brush stroke（笔触）detail on the painting.
小题1:According to the latest research, Mona Lisa was __________.| A．a woman of poor virtue | B．da Vinci’s second wife | | C．a woman who was pregnant | D．the wife of Florentine merchant |
小题2:We can infer from the test that ___________.| A．The research has been carried out in France | | B．Mona Lisa was painted in 1503 at the latest | | C．In da Vinci’s time women could only wear short hair | | D．the most difficulty is to identify the paint layers |
小题3:What is probably the best title for the test?| A．Mona Lisa ,the Mysterious Woman | | B．Mona Lisa was a New Mother | | C．Great Discovery in Painting | | D．Leonardo’s Painting Technique |
小题4:The information reported in the text was first got from _______________.| A．a newspaper | B．the Internet | | C．a news conference | D．the museum |
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The illegal ivory trade has been a major problem in Africa for decades. Poachers(偷猎者) and hunters have killed off hundreds of thousands of elephants to obtain this precious material. Now, affected areas are taking action. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) announced on Wednesday that key states where poaching takes place have promised to stop the ivory trade and protect Africa’s elephants.
In the 1980s, as many as 1 million elephants across Africa were killed for their ivory tusks. This continued until 1989, when the Convention on International Trade in Species (CITES) voted to ban all trade in ivory. With trade choked off, demand for ivory fell. Elephant populations slowly began to increase. However, this progress was short-lived.
According to the IUCN, 2011 saw the highest levels of poaching and illegal ivory trading in at least 16 years. Around 25,000 elephants were killed in Africa that year. Preliminary data from the IUCN shows even higher levels of illegal trade may have been reached in 2013. “With about 22,000 elephants illegally killed in 2012, we continue to face a critical situation,” said John E. Scanlon, CITES Secretary-General. “Current elephant poaching in Africa remains far too high, and could soon lead to local extinctions if the present killing rate continues.”
At the African Elephant Summit, key African states where elephants make their home agreed to develop a “zero-tolerance attitude” towards poaching. The deal calls for maximum sentences for poachers and hunters, and increased cooperation between affected states. Officials are determined to classifying wildlife trading as a serious crime — and to making sure that the people who commit it are punished. All participants at the conference agreed to sign the deal. With these states coming together, there may yet be hope for elephants. (293 words)
小题1:What’s the best title for this passage?| A．New Hope for Elephants. | B． Elephants are dying. | | C．Elephants are valuable. | D． How to protect elephants |
小题2:The underlined phrase “choked off” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”.| A． appreciated | B． prevented | C． admitted | D． explored |
小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?| A．The CITES has helped to improve elephants’ situation ever since 1989. | | B．Around one million elephants across Africa were killed for their ivory tusks in the 1980s. | | C．The poaching and illegal ivory trading in 2011 were very serious. | | D．The situation of elephants in 2012 was still terrible. |
小题4: All of the following measures will be taken to protect elephants EXCEPT ________.| A．to identify wildlife trading a serious crime | | B．to punish those who buy or sell wildlife belongings | | C．to sentence all wildlife poachers and hunters to death | | D．to work together to fight against wildlife hunting |
小题5:What’s the main idea of this passage?| A．The illegal ivory trade has been a major problem in Africa. | | B．Elephants in Africa may die out because of the illegal poaching. | | C．Hunting elephants will be recognized as a very serious crime. | | D．A new agreement aims to develop a “zero-tolerance attitude” towards poaching. |
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