Thousands of people have been killed in a massive(大规模的) earthquake in Japan. The
题型：不详难度：来源：
Thousands of people have been killed in a massive(大规模的) earthquake in Japan. The quake -- the most powerful to hit Japan in more than 100 years -- caused massive damage and many people are missing and feared dead.
The 8.9 magnitude quake struck Friday(March 11) off Japan"s eastern coast, and prompted(引发) tsunami warnings（海啸警报）across the Pacific as far away as South America and the U.S. West Coast. Several days after a 8.9-magnitude earthquake and resulting 10-meter-high tsunami devastated the coastline. The United States Geological Survey says it was the fifth largest earthquake since 1900. The largest, with a 9.5 magnitude, shook Chile(智利) in 1960.
In Japan, the tsunami swept away boats, cars and hundreds of houses in coastal areas north of Tokyo. The quake shook buildings in the Japanese capital and caused several fires. All train and subway traffic in Tokyo has been stopped, and thousands of people there were unable to get back home. People are just trying to find clean water. Food supplies are running out. In the convenience stores, there are no rice balls left. There is no bottled water left. People are facing a really serious situation in the days ahead for these people that are living in areas that were only moderately（普通的） damaged. The final death toll could range from the thousands to tens of thousands, depending on how many of these communities are gone.
Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan said the government would do everything it can to minimize（使降到最低） the effects of the disaster. And in Washington, President Obama said the United States is ready to help the people of Japan.
小题1:The underline word damage means_____________ in the article.| A．illness | B．disaster | C．terror | D．danger |
小题2:Which is true according to the passage?| A．Thousands of people have been killed in a massive earthquake in Japan. | | B．Only people in areas that were only moderately damaged are facing a really serious situation in the days. | | C．The tsunami devastatednot only the coastline in Japan, but also the areas across the Pacific as far away as South America and the U.S. West Coast. | | D．The massive earthquake caused the tsunami. |
小题3:According to the passage, which earthquake is the largest one since 1990 ?| A．the one happened in Japan on March 11, 2011 | | B．the one in Chile in 1960 | | C．the fifth largest earthquake since 1900 | | D．We don"t know. |
小题4:If you"re in Tokyo these days, what you can"t get from the convenience store?| A．newspapers and magazines | | B．some medicine | | C．paper napkins and toothpastes | | D．rice balls and bottled water |
小题5:The passage can"t be in/on __________.| A．March 10th newspapers | B．TV | C． Internet | D． Radios |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:D
小题5:A |
解析
试题分析：
小题1:推理题，由最后一段第一句话can to minimize（使降到最低） the effects of the disaster可以推出是灾难的意思，所以选B
小题2:细节题，由第二段第二行prompted(引发) tsunami warnings（海啸警报）across the Pacific as far away as South America and the U.S. West Coast可以知道答案，所以选D
小题3:细节题，由第二段最后一句he largest, with a 9.5 magnitude, shook Chile(智利) in 1960.可以知道答案，所以选B
小题4:细节题，由倒数第二段倒数第五行In the convenience stores, there are no rice balls left可以知道答案，所以选D
小题5:细节题，由第二段第一句话The 8.9 magnitude quake struck Friday(March 11) off Japan"s eastern coast可以知道答案，所以选A
点评：本文报道了日本发生8.9级的地震，给日本经济、交通、生活等各方方面带来了严重影响。先通读全文，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。本文主要考查细节题，要求学生有很强的细节分析能力。 |
举一反三
B
Play is the basic business of childhood, and more and more in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being．From earliest infancy （婴儿）, every child needs opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys．The main function of toys is to suggest, encourage and assist play．To succeed in this, they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again．Therefore, it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life．So a baby’s ability to benefit from the right play materials should not be underestimated．A baby who is encouraged, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully．
The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds．Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting, scribbling and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others．
By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years old— the child is at school．But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school．It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys．
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child．But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning．Toys are still interesting and valuable, which lead up to new hobbies, but their significance has changed —to a child of nine or ten years old, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.
小题1:60. The writer wants us to understand that a child_______.| A．cannot grow up without toys | B．matures through play | | C．uses toys as friends | D．has to be taught how to play |
小题2:61. According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ________.| A．determine his character | | B．will not change after the age of three | | C．partly determine the standard he is likely to reach | | D．to a large extent determine the choice of toys |
小题3:62. The passage tells us that children are the most curious when they are about______.| A．two years old | B．one year old | | C．six years old | D．four years old |
小题4:63. The article is about_______.| A．the importance of play | B．the importance of books | | C．the relationship between play and work | D．children’s speech development |
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Your name made you do it, though unconsciously, suggests new research that finds your name can negatively make you achieve less. Psychologists at Yale and the University of California, San Diego studying the unconscious influence of names say a preference for our own names and initials — the “name-letter effect” — can have some negative consequences.
Students whose names begin with C or D get lower grades than those whose names begin with A or B; major league baseball players whose first or last names began with K (the strikeout-signifying letter) are significantly more likely to strike out.
Assistant professors Leif Nelson of UCSD and Joseph Simmons of Yale have conducted five studies over five years using information from thousands of individuals.
“The conscious process is baseball players want to get a hit and students want to get A"s,” Nelson says. “So if you get a change in performance consistent with the name-letter effect, it clearly shows there must be some unconscious desire operating in the other direction.”
The researchers" work supports a series of studies published since 2002 that have found the “name-letter effect” causes people to make life choices based on names that resemble their own. Those studies by Brett Pelham, an associate professor at SUNY University, have found that people are disproportionately（不定比例地）likely to live in states or cities resembling their names, have careers that resemble their names and even marry those whose surnames begin with the same letter as their own.
The twist, Pelham says, is that he has believed the name-letter effect would apply only to positive outcomes. Nelson and Simmons, he says, are “showing it applies more so to negative things than positive things.”
The researchers say the effect is definitely more than coincidence but is small nevertheless. “I know plenty of Chrises and Davids who have done very well in school,” Simmons says.
小题1:The new research is mainly about the relationship between one’s ______.| A．name and unconsciousness | B．name and characteristics | | C．name and success | D．sports and school achievements |
小题2:Who may serve as an example to show the “name-letter effect”?| A．Miss Smith working as a lawyer. | B．Charles Brown married to Sue Rogers. | | C．Mr. Watt living in Washington | D．Paula Snow fond of the color white. |
小题3:Which can be used to explain the underlined word “twist” in the last but one paragraph?| A．Difference． | B．Conclusion． | | C．Funny side． | D．Shared part． |
小题4:The last paragraph mainly tells us that the “name-letter effect” ______. | A．isn’t believed in by many people | B．doesn’t work with certain names | | C．may not really exist | D．is often too small to show |
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Like many people in the UK, the team of BBC learning English were 1 and sad at the news of the earthquake in Sichuan Province. They would like to extend their condolences(吊唁) to those affected by this terrible natural disaster. Below was their special report on the earthquake and the 2 operations taking place.
Rescue efforts were underway in Sichuan Province following the terrible 3 , which measured 7.9 on the Richter Scale. According to Xinhua news agency, nearly 15,000 4 died in the disaster, with as many as 24,000 more 5 under ruins and another 14,000 6 .
Chinese troops(军队) were 7 to carry out the rescue operations, and emergency aid was air-dropped into areas that were cut off by the 8 .
Because of the bad weather, in some places 9 had to go into the disaster area on foot and search for trapped survivors by hand as roads were 10 . Some people of the provincial capital Chengdu chose to 11 in tents and government shelters for fear of aftershock causing 12 damage. One witness in Chengdu said that the people there were helping the relief work by donating food and water for those affected in the 13 .
Although full casualty figures (伤亡数字) were not yet 14 , it was clear that the earthquake was the 15 to strike China after the Tangshan earthquake of 1976.
| 小题1: | | A．shocked | B．commanded | C．attacked | D．rewarded |
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| 小题2: | | A．transport | B．rescue | C．farm | D．accent |
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| 小题3: | | A．burst | B．accident | C．earthquake | D．flame |
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| 小题4: | | A．animal | B．miner | C．teenager | D．people |
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| 小题5: | | A．buried | B．injured | C．trapped | D．suffered |
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| 小题6: | | A．missing | B．recognized | C．upset | D．frightened |
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| 小题7: | | A．helped | B．harmed | C．taken | D．sent |
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| 小题8: | | A．event | B．principle | C．disaster | D．canal |
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| 小题9: | | A．reporters | B．rescuers | C．villagers | D．journalists |
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| 小题10: | | A．blocked | B．built | C．settled | D．tipped |
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| 小题11: | | A．serve | B．sit | C．sleep | D．study |
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| 小题12: | | A．equal | B．many | C．straight | D．more |
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| 小题13: | | A．families | B．outdoors | C．apartment | D．countryside |
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| 小题14: | | A．satisfied | B．certain | C．determined | D．ignored |
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| 小题15: | | A．worst | B．best | C．most | D．first |
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Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also one of the world’s most modern cities. Twice last century, the city was destroyed and rebuilt. In 1923 a major earthquake struck the city. Thousands of people were killed and millions were left homeless as buildings collapsed and fires broke out throughout Tokyo. It took seven years to rebuild the city. During World War II, Tokyo was destroyed once again. As a result of these disasters, there is nothing of old Tokyo remaining in the downtown area.
After the war, the people of Tokyo began to rebuild their city. Buildings went up at a fantastic rate, and between1945 and 1960, the city’s population more than doubled. Because of the Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 1964, many new stadiums, parks and hotels were built to treat visitors from all over the world. As a result of this rapid development, however, many problems have risen. Housing shortage, pollution, and waste disposal(处理) have presented serious challenges to the city, but the government has begun several programs to answer them.
小题1:What kind of city is Tokyo?
A historic city. B. A world famous seaport.
C. A highly modernized city. D. A most attractive (有吸引力的) city for tourists.
小题2:What major(主要的) event(s) happened in Tokyo last century?| A．Its population was doubled. | | B．It was twice destroyed by natural disasters and was twice rebuilt. | | C．Serious social problems emerged.(出现) | | D．It was ruined by an earthquake and a war, but was twice rebuilt. |
小题3:Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the passage?| A．Housing shortage. | B．Waste disposal. | | C．Heavy traffic. | D．Pollution. |
小题4:What has brought so many problems to Tokyo today?| A．A severe (严重) earthquake and the Second World War. | | B．The foreign occupation (占领) after the war. | | C．The population explosion between 1945 and 1960. | | D．The rapid development of the city after the war. |
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War Horse author Michael Morpurgo is being interviewed:
Reporter:How did War Horse become so successful?
Michael:War Horse was published in 1982,and it did not sell very well.But my publishers kept it in print,along with all my books.I am very grateful to Egmont and I’m sure now they are very grateful to themselves.
The book was discovered 21 years later,by accident.I was on Desert Island Discs on Radio 4 in 2003 when my work was becoming better known.One of the listeners was the mother of a director called Tom Morris,and after reading War Horse herself she told her son to read it.Two years later the play came out,and it was a huge hit that went to the West End,Broadway and now Canada and Australia,then a nationwide American tour in June this year.
In 2009 kathy kennedy,the producer who worked with Steven Spielberg,walked into the New London Theatre to see the play because her daughter liked it very much.She then phoned Spielberg and told him this would be his next film!The way it all happened is better than any of my stories.War Horse has now sold over 1 million copies.
Reporter:Has War Horse changed your life?
Michael:It has made all the difference in the world.The most important gift it has given us is not to have to worry about money,because there has always been a slight anxiety.It has allowed us to ensure our grandchildren’s education.There is a disadvantage to it as well,which is an assumption that I am super rich.I’m not,actually.It is very nice and completely unexpected but I have got to go on writing.If I were younger,I think,it would go to my head.Now I am too old for anything to go to my head.It is not the same as winning the lottery(彩票)。
小题1:Why are Michael’s publishers grateful to themselves too?| A．Because they never stopped printing it and it finally proved successful. | | B．Because they earned a lot thanks to books of high quality they printed. | | C．Because they have the ability to enlarge their company. | | D．Because they have the potential to film the story. |
小题2:War Horse got the first huge success thanks to____.| A．Steven Spielberg and his daughter | | B．Tom Morris and his listeners | | C．Kathy Kennedy’s daughter | | D．Tom Morris’ mother |
小题3:Why did Kathy Kennedy watch the play of War Horse?| A．Because she knew that the film was very popular. | | B．Because her daughter was mad on the play. | | C．Because her friend,Steven Spielberg,advised her to see it. | | D．Because she was looking for a story with an animal in her mind. |
小题4:What change made Michael feel most valuable because of War Horse?| A．He could stay at home looking after his grandchildren. | | B．He can make friends with famous film directors. | | C．He needn’t worry about his financial problems. | | D．He needn’t spend time writing another book. |
小题5:What is the attitude of Michael to his great success?| A．Calm. | B．Unbelievable. | C．Confused | D．Excited. |
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