Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is al
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Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also one of the world’s most modern cities. Twice last century, the city was destroyed and rebuilt. In 1923 a major earthquake struck the city. Thousands of people were killed and millions were left homeless as buildings collapsed and fires broke out throughout Tokyo. It took seven years to rebuild the city. During World War II, Tokyo was destroyed once again. As a result of these disasters, there is nothing of old Tokyo remaining in the downtown area.
After the war, the people of Tokyo began to rebuild their city. Buildings went up at a fantastic rate, and between1945 and 1960, the city’s population more than doubled. Because of the Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 1964, many new stadiums, parks and hotels were built to treat visitors from all over the world. As a result of this rapid development, however, many problems have risen. Housing shortage, pollution, and waste disposal(处理) have presented serious challenges to the city, but the government has begun several programs to answer them.
小题1:What kind of city is Tokyo?
A historic city. B. A world famous seaport.
C. A highly modernized city. D. A most attractive (有吸引力的) city for tourists.
小题2:What major(主要的) event(s) happened in Tokyo last century?| A．Its population was doubled. | | B．It was twice destroyed by natural disasters and was twice rebuilt. | | C．Serious social problems emerged.(出现) | | D．It was ruined by an earthquake and a war, but was twice rebuilt. |
小题3:Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the passage?| A．Housing shortage. | B．Waste disposal. | | C．Heavy traffic. | D．Pollution. |
小题4:What has brought so many problems to Tokyo today?| A．A severe (严重) earthquake and the Second World War. | | B．The foreign occupation (占领) after the war. | | C．The population explosion between 1945 and 1960. | | D．The rapid development of the city after the war. |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：本文介绍了东京的情况，在上世纪遭受的损失和现在存在的问题。
小题1:细节题：由第一段第一句和第二句Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also one of the world’s most modern cities.可知，正确答案为C。
小题2:细节题;从第一段的句子：Twice last century, the city was destroyed and rebuilt.可知答案是D
小题3:细节题：从第二段的句子：Housing shortage, pollution, and waste disposal(处理) have presented serious challenges to the city, 可知答案是C
小题4:细节题;从第二段的句子：As a result of this rapid development, however, many problems have risen.可知选D
点评：这篇文章考都是细节题，文章都能直接找到答案。一般情况找到信息句答案就出来了，所谓所见即所得。 |
举一反三
War Horse author Michael Morpurgo is being interviewed:
Reporter:How did War Horse become so successful?
Michael:War Horse was published in 1982,and it did not sell very well.But my publishers kept it in print,along with all my books.I am very grateful to Egmont and I’m sure now they are very grateful to themselves.
The book was discovered 21 years later,by accident.I was on Desert Island Discs on Radio 4 in 2003 when my work was becoming better known.One of the listeners was the mother of a director called Tom Morris,and after reading War Horse herself she told her son to read it.Two years later the play came out,and it was a huge hit that went to the West End,Broadway and now Canada and Australia,then a nationwide American tour in June this year.
In 2009 kathy kennedy,the producer who worked with Steven Spielberg,walked into the New London Theatre to see the play because her daughter liked it very much.She then phoned Spielberg and told him this would be his next film!The way it all happened is better than any of my stories.War Horse has now sold over 1 million copies.
Reporter:Has War Horse changed your life?
Michael:It has made all the difference in the world.The most important gift it has given us is not to have to worry about money,because there has always been a slight anxiety.It has allowed us to ensure our grandchildren’s education.There is a disadvantage to it as well,which is an assumption that I am super rich.I’m not,actually.It is very nice and completely unexpected but I have got to go on writing.If I were younger,I think,it would go to my head.Now I am too old for anything to go to my head.It is not the same as winning the lottery(彩票)。
小题1:Why are Michael’s publishers grateful to themselves too?| A．Because they never stopped printing it and it finally proved successful. | | B．Because they earned a lot thanks to books of high quality they printed. | | C．Because they have the ability to enlarge their company. | | D．Because they have the potential to film the story. |
小题2:War Horse got the first huge success thanks to____.| A．Steven Spielberg and his daughter | | B．Tom Morris and his listeners | | C．Kathy Kennedy’s daughter | | D．Tom Morris’ mother |
小题3:Why did Kathy Kennedy watch the play of War Horse?| A．Because she knew that the film was very popular. | | B．Because her daughter was mad on the play. | | C．Because her friend,Steven Spielberg,advised her to see it. | | D．Because she was looking for a story with an animal in her mind. |
小题4:What change made Michael feel most valuable because of War Horse?| A．He could stay at home looking after his grandchildren. | | B．He can make friends with famous film directors. | | C．He needn’t worry about his financial problems. | | D．He needn’t spend time writing another book. |
小题5:What is the attitude of Michael to his great success?| A．Calm. | B．Unbelievable. | C．Confused | D．Excited. |
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Brenda Bongos was a happy, artistic girl. She had one big ambition—to play the drums in a band. But one big obstacle lay in her way. To be good enough to play in a band, Brenda had to practice a lot, but she lived next-door to a lot of old people. Many of them are sick. She knew that the sound of beating drums would really get on their nerves. So, she had tried playing in the strangest places: a basement, a kitchen, and even in a shower. But there was always someone it would annoy.
One day, while watching a science documentary on TV, she heard that sound cannot travel in space, because there"s no air. At that moment, Brenda Bongos decided to become a sort of musical astronaut.
With the help of a lot of time, books and work, Brenda built a space bubble. This was a big glass ball connected to a machine which sucked out all the air inside. All that would be left inside was a drum kit（成套设备） and a chair. Brenda got into the space suit she had made, entered the bubble, turned on the machine, and played those drums like a wild child.
It wasn"t long before Brenda Bongos came very famous. Many people came to see her play in her space bubble. Shortly afterwards she came out of the bubble and started giving concerts. Her fame spread so much that the government suggested that she be part of a unique space journey. Finally, Brenda was a real musical astronaut, and had gone far beyond her first ambition of playing drums in a band.
Years later, when asked how she had achieved all this, she thought for a moment, and said: ""If those old people next – door hadn"t mattered so much to me, I wouldn"t have found a solution, and none of this would have ever happened.""
小题1:Why did Brenda try to play in the strangest places?| A．Because she didn"t want others to hear her play. | | B．Because she didn"t mean to disturb others. | | C．Because she didn"t have her own room. | | D．Because she didn’t like her neighbors. |
小题2:Brenda started to give concerts _______.| A．after she practiced in her space bubble | | B．when she became part of the unique space journey | | C．after she became a real musicalastronaut | | D．when people came to see her in the space bubble |
小题3:Brenda became famous because _______.| A．she was good at music and science | B．she became a real musical astronaut | | C．she invented a special way of practice | D．she played well and had a talent |
小题4:Which of the following can be used to describe Brenda?| A．Kind, hardworking and clever. | B．Brave, kind and hardworking. | | C．Lovely, brave and kind. | D．Nervous, kind and clever. |
小题5:It can be inferred from the text that: " _______".| A．He laughs best who laughs last | B．It"s never too old to learn | | C．Two heads are better than one | D．One good turn deserves another |
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"It"s this time of year when the weather starts warming up and frogs start breeding - but they haven"t been breeding," says John Wilkinson, research and monitoring officer at the Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust (ARC).
Amphibians (两栖动物) are just one of the groups of animals that nature observers fear may have problems reproducing this year, as groundwater levels are even lower now than in the infamously dry summer of 1976, according to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). According to the UK"s Centre for Hydrology and Ecology the average rainfall so far this winter has been the lowest since 1972.
"If ponds dry up totally," says Mr. Wilkinson, "you could have lots of dead tadpoles." Drier and windier conditions could also make it more difficult for juvenile amphibians to survive their journeys between wet habitats.
But Peter Brotherton, the biodiversity manager for Natural England, says that "drought is part of nature"s cycle", and, at present, a lot of animals, plants and insects are still in hibernation. This means that the population picture is unclear. "However, when we get extreme events, we get animals dying," he says. "And what is worrying is that normally at this time of year we expect soil to be near saturation（湿润）after winter."
Charlie Kitchin, the RSPB"s site manager of the Nene Washes in Cambridgeshire, says the 2,000-acre wetland and grassland area is now struggling following two winters with relatively little winter rain and no flooding. One species that could suffer, he says, is the black-tailed godwit（黑尾豫）. "There are only 50 breeding pairs in the country, and we have 40 of them, and everything is bone-dry," Mr Kitchin says.
But one bad nesting season, he says, is "not the end of the world". "One of the features of flood plains is that they"re volatile anyway," he adds. "But if they fail to breed another year, the population is likely to dip again."
小题1:According to the passage animals may have problems reproducing this year mainly due to _____.| A．drought | B．hibernation | C．windier conditions | D．extreme events |
小题2:What really worries Peter Brotherton is that ________.| A．drought is part of nature’s cycle | B．animals are still in hibernation | | C．soil at this time is far from saturation | D．the population of animals is still unclear |
小题3:Which of the following is NOT true of Charlie Kitchin’s words?| A．Drought has so far continued for two winters. | | B．Animals could survive one bad nesting season. | | C．The black-tailed godwit is in danger of extinction. | | D．40 black-tailed godwits live in the Nene Washes. |
小题4:The underlined word volatile in the last paragraph can be replaced by ________.| A．losing water | B．undergoing changes | | C．breeding animals | D．suffering flood |
小题5:It can be learnt from the text that ______________.| A．groundwater levels this summer are lower than those of 1976 | | B．the average rainfall this year has been the lowest since 1972 | | C．windier conditions could also cause some amphibians’ death | | D．flooding plays no useful role in wetlands and grasslands |
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Baby girls make their way directly for dolls as soon as they can crawl（爬）, while boys will head for the toy cars, a study has shown． The findings, the first to show differences in very young babies, suggest there is a biological basis to their preferences．
Psychologists Dr． Brenda Todd from City University London carried out an experiment involving 90 infants aged nine months to 36 months． The babies were allowed to choose from seven toys． Some were typically boys" toys: a car, a digger, a ball and a blue teddy． The rest were girls’ toys: a pink teddy, a doll and a cooking set． They were placed a meter away from the toys, and could pick whichever toy they liked． Their choice and the amount of time they spent playing with each toy were recorded．
Of the youngest children （nine to 14 months）, girls spent significantly longer playing with the doll than boys, and boys spent much more time with the car and ball than the girls did． Among the two-and three-year-olds, girls spent 50 percent of the time playing with the doll while only two boys briefly touched it． The boys spent almost 90 percent of their time playing with cars, which the girls barely touched． There was no link between the parents’ view on which toys were more suitable for boys or girls, and the children’s choice．
Dr． Brenda Todd said: “Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization． Boys may be given ‘toys that go’ while girls get toys they can care for, which may help shape their preference． But these findings agree with the former idea that children show natural interests in particular kinds of toys． There could be a biological basis for their choices． Males through evolution have been adapted to prefer moving objects, probably through hunting instincts（本能）, while girls prefer warmer colors such as pink, the color of a newborn baby．”
小题1:Baby boys and girls have different toy preferences probably because ．| A．baby boys are much more active | | B．baby girls like bright colors more | | C．there is a natural difference between them | | D．their parents treat them differently |
小题2:What can we infer from Paragraph 3 ?| A．Nine-month-old baby boys don’t play with dolls at all． | | B．Two-year-old baby girls sometimes play with cars and balls． | | C．Parents should teach their babies to share each other’s toys． | | D．The older the babies are, the more obvious their preference is． |
小题3:Both baby boys and baby girls like to play with _________ according to the study．| A．a teddy | B．a car | C．a doll | D．a ball |
小题4:We may read this article in a section of a newspaper．| A．health | B．science | C．culture | D．entertainment |
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Britain has laws to make sure that women have the same chances as men in education, jobs and training. But it’s still unusual to find women doing dirty or heavy jobs.
Nikki Henriques is a car maintenance engineer in London. She used to be a secretary. Barty Philips, a journalist with “The Observer”, a Sunday newspaper, asked her why she wanted to work with cars.
“My first reason was independence(独立),” she said. “I also wanted to use my hands, and I like learning about how things work. Many people prefer to have a woman repair their cars, too.”
Nikki didn’t find it easy to become a car maintenance engineer. She went to a Government Skill Centre—a special sort of college where people can learn a new job for twenty weeks. “For ten weeks I was the only woman among four hundred men, and some of them were rude to me. It was also very tiring—from 8 in the morning to 5 in the afternoon, with only 30 minutes for lunch.”
Now Nikki works free-lance, that is, she’s self-employed, working for herself and not for a garage or a company.
Barty Phillips also spoke to Rose, who works as a general builder in Sheffield, an industrial town in the north of England. Like Nikki, Rose used to be a secretary. “I didn’t enjoy it at all.” she said. “I wanted to do more practical work, and I wanted to be self-employed.”
Rose joined a women’s building co-operative, and she learnt her job from other people and from experience. However, many of the women in her group have been specially trained. Most of the jobs they do are improvements to buildings and general repairs.
“People often say, ‘Oh, women aren’t strong enough,’ but I don’t think strength is important.” said Rose, “The important thing is to get used to doing a different sort of work.”
Rose would like more women to come into the building industry. “Everything built at the moment is a product of man’s world. If women become builders, they will be able to understand the production of their house and their towns.”
小题1:There are laws in Britain to help women _____.| A．get higher pay than men | | B．enjoy more freedom than men | | C．do whatever they like to do | | D．have equal chances with men in education and work |
小题2:The job of a car maintenance engineer is to _____. | A．make cars | B．sell cars | | C．repair cars | D．keep cars for others |
小题3:According to Rose, a woman wishing to be a general builder _____.| A．must be specially trained | | B．should be strong enough | | C．can learn her job either from others or by experience | | D．must get used to doing a different sort of work |
小题4:The best title for this passage might be _____. | A．Nikki Henriques, a car maintenance engineer | | B．Rose, a General Builder in Shefield | | C．Women at Work | | D．British Women |
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