An Australian man who has been donating(捐献) his extremely rare kind of blood（血液）
题型：不详难度：来源：
An Australian man who has been donating(捐献) his extremely rare kind of blood（血液） for 56 years has saved the lives of more than two million babies.
James Harrison has an antibody（抗体） in his plasma(血浆) that stops babies dying from Rhesus disease, a form of severe anaemia(贫血). He has enabled countless mothers to give birth to healthy babies, including his own daughter, Tracey, who had a healthy son thanks to her father"s blood.
Mr. Harrison has been giving blood every few weeks since he was 18 years old and has now racked up a total of 984 donations. When he started donating, his blood was deemed so special that his life was insured（保险） for one million Australian dollars.
He was also nicknamed the “man with the golden arm” or the “man in two million”. He said, “I"ve never thought about stopping. Never!” He made a pledge to be a donor aged 14 after undergoing major chest surgery in which he needed 13 liters of blood. “I was in hospital for three months,” he said. “The blood I received saved my life so I made a pledge to give blood when I was 18.”
Just after he started donating he was found to have the rare（稀有的） and life-saving antibody in his blood. At the time, thousands of babies in Australia were dying each year of Rhesus disease. Other newborns suffered permanent(永久的) brain damage because of the condition. The disease creates an incompatibility between the mother"s blood and her unborn baby"s blood. It stems from one having Rh-positive（阳性） blood and the other Rh-negative（阴性）.
His blood has since led to the development of a vaccine called Anti-D. After his blood type was discovered, Mr. Harrison volunteered to undergo a series of tests to help develop the Anti-D vaccine. “They insured me for a million dollars so I knew my wife Barbara would be taken care of,” he said. “I wasn"t scared. I was glad to help. I had to sign every form going and basically sign my life away.”
Mr. Harrison is Rh-negative and was given injections of Rh-positive blood. It was found his plasma could treat the condition and since then it has been given to hundreds of thousands of women. It has also been given to babies after they are born to stop them developing the disease.
It is estimated he has helped save 2.2 million babies so far. Mr. Harrison is still donating every few weeks now.
小题1:How old is James Harrison?小题2:What does the underlined phrase “two million” refer to?| A．mothers | B．babies | C．dollars | D．blood |
小题3:Why did James decide to donate his blood? Because _____.| A．his daughter asked him to help her son | | B．he has a golden arm worth a million dollars | | C．a vaccine called Anti-D is to be developed | | D．someone else’s blood saved his life |
小题4:The sentence “The disease creates an incompatibility between the mother"s blood and her unborn baby"s blood” (underlined in Paragraph 5) suggests that _____.| A．the mother and the baby have different types of blood | | B．babies suffer permanent brain damage before born | | C．Rhesus disease contributes to permanent brain damage | | D．all the patients have a rare antibody in their blood |
小题5:What can we infer from the sixth paragraph?| A．His wife Barbara needed to be taken care of badly then. | | B．Mr. Harrison was not glad to help develop a new vaccine. | | C．Some of the tests to develop the vaccine are dangerous. | | D．His blood type was accidentally discovered after tests. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：
小题1:A 计算题。根据第1,3段An Australian man who has been donating(捐献) his extremely rare kind of blood（血液） for 56 years和Mr. Harrison has been giving blood every few weeks since he was 18 years old 说明他18岁开始鲜血，献了56年，故现在的74岁。故A正确。
小题2:.B 细节题。根据第一段第2行has saved the lives of more than two million babies.说明这里的“two million指babies 。故B正确。
小题3:D 细节题。根据第四段2,3,4行He made a pledge to be a donor aged 14 after undergoing major chest surgery in which he needed 13 liters of blood. “I was in hospital for three months,” he said. “The blood I received saved my life so I made a pledge to give blood when I was 18.”说明Ｄ正确。
小题4:A 推理题。根据横线下一句It stems from one having Rh-positive（阳性） blood and the other Rh-negative（阴性）.可知母亲和孩子的血型不一样，故A正确。
小题5:C 推理题。根据倒数第三段后三行“They insured me for a million dollars so I knew my wife Barbara would be taken care of,” he said. “I wasn"t scared. I was glad to help. I had to sign every form going and basically sign my life away.”给他做了100万的保险，说明该实验有一定的危险性，故C正确。
点评：文章介绍了Mr. Harrison的血有很好的治疗作用，救助了很多的孩子，而他自从18岁以来就一直在献血。推理题考查较多，要求考生准确定位，仔细辨析。 |
举一反三
Early last Tuesday, six men carrying machine guns, a pistol and a hunting rifle got on a four—car electric “ milk train” at the Dutch town of Assen. Shortly after it left Beilen, ten miles away, the terrorists stopped the train and seized the passenger as hostages. As police and Dutch soldiers ringed the train, another group of terrorists stuck in Amsterdam, forcing their way into the Indonesian consulate and taking 41 more hostages, including 16 children. By week’s end the terrorists had murdered three people aboard the train, and four more had been wounded in the raid on the consulate.
The kidnapping, and the subsequent cold—blooded murders, virtually rocked the Netherlands. While the Cabinet met in emergency sessions, television and radio station paused normal programming in favor of solemn music and news bulletins.
The terrorists were Indonesians from the South Moluccan Islands in the Pacific Ocean, and they were demanding that the Dutch help them gain independence from the Jakarta regime.(雅加达政权)
The twin acts of violence were not the first signs of South Molucca anger. Just before a 1970 visit to the Netherlands by Indonesia’s President Suharto, they attacked the Indonesian embassy in the Hague, killing a Dutch policeman. Last week’s kidnappings are two days before the Dutch Appeals Court was to trial 16 South Moluccan’s who were implicated in a plot last April to kidnap Queen Juliana and other members of the Royal family. They planned to storm the palace at Soestdijk after attacking the gates with an armoured car(装甲车).
The Moluccan headache is a heritage(遗留问题) of the old days of empire. A chain of islands at the eastern of the Indonesian archipelago, the Moluccas were once known as the Spice Islands. When the Netherlands gave up its East Indies colonies in 1949, the Moluccans wanted to set up a South Moluccan Republic, some 12,000 islanders were allowed to settle to the Netherlands. Their number swollen by Dutch—born children now reached 35,000. the young Moluccans here are demanding that the Dutch help them gain independence from the Jakarta regime.
小题1:Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?| A．Dozens of people were seized by the terrorist as hostages. | | B．The Indonesian consulate was located in Amsterdam. | | C．The terrorists were Indonesians living in the Netherlands. | | D．The terrorists all surrendered(投降) to the police and soldiers. |
小题2:Why did television and radio stations pause normal programming?| A．The acts of violence shocked the whole country. | | B．The terrorists destroyed necessary equipment. | | C．the Cabinet needed to think quietly. | | D．Their men were too sad to produce good program. |
小题3:The last paragraph __________. | A．is mainly about the history of Indonesia | | B．tells us how Indonesia won its independence | | C．tell us how the Netherlands gave up its rule | | D．briefly accounts for the acts of violence |
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An 8-year-old girl was dragged about 900 feet by a school bus today in Livingston County.
According to State Police, the incident occurred about 2：40 pm on State Route 436 in the town of Ossian after three sisters were dropped off the bus.
As the last sister was leaving the bus, driver John Coley, 62 , of Wayland, Steuben County, told the police that he was not paying attention when he closed the door and trapped her backpack inside. Coley then continued 900 feet before he realized the girl was being dragged, State Police said.
The girl was hurt and was transported to Nicholas H Noyes Memorial Hospital in Dansville，Livingston County, by Dansville Ambulance.
Another 8-year-old child on the bus said he hit his head on the seat in front of him when the bus came to a sudden stop, causing an earache.
●Conservation staff in New Zealand have put down 33 stranded（搁浅的）whales after several attempts to refloat them failed.
The whales were shot on Farewell Spit on the South Island. Department of Conservation area manager John Mason says staff and hundreds of volunteers had tried all week to get the whales refloated.
He says they thought they were successful on Wednesday when they got the whales into deep water——but were saddened on Thursday to find that they had swum back ashore. He says the condition of the whales had significantly become worse.
As well as the 33 whales that were shot，36 had died naturally since Monday and 17 were successfully refloated. 13 remain unknown.
小题1:The last sister was dragged by the bus because______________.| A．she stood too close to the bus when getting off | | B．the bus driver stopped the bus suddenly | | C．something was wrong with the bus door | | D．her backpack was stuck in the closed door |
小题2:It can be inferred from the first news that______________．| A．three sisters were dragged about 900 feet by a school bus | | B．the driver stopped the bus immediately he realized his mistake | | C．two children were hurt and sent to hospital | | D．a boy was hurt when the bus started suddenly |
小题3:How many whales were trapped ashore in total?小题4:The 33 refloated whales returned ashore on______________.| A．Monday | B．Tuesday | C．Wednesday | D．Thursday |
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More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children, a new survey showed last Tuesday.
The survey, published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with＄3 million or more in possessions. It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well-developed plans to preserve and pass on their possessions to their children”.
The majority of the 457 people surveyed are self-made, first-generation rich. Fifty-two percent of parents have not chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth. One in three parents said they had never thought to do it.
They are worried that their children would become lazy, spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for attractive women who use their looks to get money from rich men.
Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance（遗产）they plan to leave them.
“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation,” said Sallie Krawcheck，president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America. “Our research, however, uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”
The trend is led by the world’s richest man Bill Gates, who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation（基金会），and not to his children.
“ We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive effect,” he said.
Of his plans for his children , Gates said: “I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage… they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”
小题1:We can learn from the passage that .| A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance | | B．rich parents don’t equal rich kids, at least in the US | | C．American children don’t get to inherit their parents’ wealth | | D．poor children don’t expect themselves to be as rich as their parents |
小题2:According to the survey, most rich Americans ．| A．think they owe their children nothing | | B．think it best to give their money back to society | | C．doubt their children’s ability to handle wealth | | D．are confident of their children’s ability to handle wealth |
小题3:The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to ．| A．responsible children | | B．Bill Gates and his wife | | C．first-generation rich | | D．rich parents |
小题4:From the last paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show .| A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children | | B．the positive effect of charity on society | | C．the way of giving back to society | | D．the importance of independence for children |
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Would the voice of Amanda Holden saying “your city had talent” encourage you to use a litter bin? Or maybe former Monty Python star Michael Palin telling you no one had expected “the Spanish bin-quisition”？
Organizers of a plan persuading celebrities（名人）to lend their voices to “talking bins”believe it can make a real difference to keeping Britain tidy. They hope that by using humor, they will succeed where fines and warnings have failed in keeping streets and parks clean.
A similar experiment in Sweden found a talking bin received nearly three times as much rubbish as an ordinary one because people were attracted by its quality of being new and unusual value.
Twenty-five specially adapted bins to be installed（安装）in the streets of London and Liverpool next month will use a sound card to play a themed message when litter is placed inside. For example，one near the Royal Opera House will play a “thank-you” message sung by Janis Kelly to the tune of Nessun Dorina. Bins installed in Liverpool will play Beatles-themed messages. For others，Britain’s Got Talent judge Holden is expected to record the message：“This is Amanda, and this city’s got talent.”
The campaign，entitled Bin Thinking, is being organized by art group Sing London. If successful，talking bins could become a familiar feature on Britain’s streets.
Colette Hiller, director of Sing London, said, “ The idea is to reward people in a small way for changing their behavior and raise awareness through a sense of fun.”
小题1:What is the plan persuading celebrities to lend their voices to “talking bins” aimed at？| A．Attracting passers’-by attention on celebrities. | | B．Encouraging people to use the litter bins to keep Britain tidy. | | C．Making fun of those who won’t keep the streets and parks clean. | | D．Thanking people for cleaning the litter bins through a sense of fun. |
小题2:The following stars’ voices are to be lent to “talking bins” except_________________.| A．Amanda Holder’ s | B．Michael Palin’s | | C．Janis Kelly’s | D．Nessun Dorma" s |
小题3:We can infer from the text that_________________.| A．children are most attracted by “talking bins” | | B．different messages will be played due to different streets | | C．Britain is the first city where the experiment on “talking bins” was made | | D．“talking bins” might take the place of ordinary litter bins in Britain |
小题4:What would be the best title for the text?| A．Lending your voice to “talking bins” | | B．Sing London art organization | | C．A campaign named Bin Thinking | | D．A new experiment on litter bins |
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Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together, they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: international competitions encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sport encourages international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic incident including the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by incidents caused mainly by smaller national contests.
One country received its second-place medals with visible anger after the hockey final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to the final decisions. They were sure that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents’ victory was unfair. Their manager was in great anger when he said, “This wasn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension（停赛）of the team for at least three years.
Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism(爱国主义).
小题1:According to the author, recently the Olympic Games have ______.| A．created goodwill between the nations | | B．brought about only false national pride | | C．hardly showed any international friendship | | D．put an end to misunderstanding and hatred |
小题2:The underlined word “disallowed”(in Paragraph 2) means “______”.| A．permitted to pass | B．considered as reasonable | | C．won by the other side | D．refused to accept |
小题3:What did the manager mean by saying, “Hockey and the International Hockey Federation
are finished"?| A．His team would no longer take part in international games. | | B．Hockey and the Federation are both ruined by the unfair decisions. | | C．There should be no more Hockey matches organized by the Federation. | | D．The Federation should break up. |
小题4:The author gives the example in paragraph 2 to show ______.| A．how false national pride led to undesirable incidents in international games | | B．that sportsmen are often against the final decisions | | C．that competitiveness in the games discourages international friendship | | D．that unfair decisions are common in the Olympic Games |
小题5:What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?| A．The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved. | | B．Athletes should compete as individuals in the Olympic Games. | | C．A game should be played competitively rather than for the love of the game. | | D．More and more athletes will compete for their own honor. |
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