阅读理解。 Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the b
题型：山东省高考真题难度：来源：
interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently, two researchers, Jose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne,
Switzerland, demonstrated (展示) a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person"s thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He
could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
"Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓) to the muscles to
give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals
from reaching the muscles," Tavella says. "Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external
world and also to control devices."
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp
(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized
wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react
to commands from the brain.
Prof. Milan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain
signals and turns them into simple commands. "The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled
people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this
wheelchair."
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology
they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of
time.
B. link the human brain with computers
C. help the disabled to recover
D. control a person"s thoughts
B. By talking to the machine.
C. By moving his hand.
D. By using his mind.
B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair
D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
B. prove the technology useful to them
C. make them live longer
D. learn about their physical condition
B. New Findings About How the Human Brain Works
C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
答案
举一反三
(NEW YORK) A French tourist highly praised for rescuing a two-year-old girl in Manhattan said he didn"t
think twice before diving into the freezing East River.
Tuesday"s Daily News said 29-year who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Saturday.
He lifted the little girl out of the water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum. He
handed the girl to her father, David Anderson, who had dive in after him.
"I didn"t think at all," Duret told the Daily News. "It happened very fast. I reacted very fast."
Duret, an engineer on vacation,was walking with his girlfriend along the pier (码头) when he saw something
falling into the water.He thought it was a doll, but realized it was a child when he approached the river. In an
instant,he took off his coat and jumped into the water.
When he reached the girl, she appeared lifeless, he said. Fortunately, when she was out of the water, she
opened her eyes.
Anderson said his daughter slipped off the bank when he was adjusting his camera. An ambulance came
later for her, said Duret, who was handed dry clothes from cookers. Duret caught a train with his girlfriend
shortly after.
The rescue happened on the day before he left for France. Duret said he didn"t realize his tale of heroism
he was leaving the next morning. "I don"t really think I"m a hero," said Duret. "Anyone would do the same ting."
B. To work as an engineer.
C. To spend his holiday.
D. To visit the Andersons.
B. He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes
C. He went to the hospital in the ambulance
D. He disappeared from the spot quickly
B. A passer-by
C. His girlfriend
D. A taxi driver.
B. A couple of days after the girl was rescued.
C. The first day when he was in New York.
D. The same day when he was interviewed.
sees in their delicate movements a way to save lives.
The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snake-like robots
he hopes will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters
or other emergencies.
Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, Mass.-based company that publishes an
online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being
developed, mainly at universities, but didn"t know of one that could climb pipes.
The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors and can be
controlled with a joystick (操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, or servos,
commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes.
Built from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. They can
sense which way is up, but are only as good as their human operators, Choset added.
Sam Stover, a search term manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana,
said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras
attached to extendable roles.
"It just allows us to do something we"ve not been able to do before," Stover said,"We needed them
yesterday."
He said sniffer dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can only be used
effectively when workers have access to damaged building.
Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath (后果) of Hurricane Katrina, said snake
robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster.
Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding.
B. Pittsburgh City Council.
C. Carnegie Mellon University.
D. Federal Emergency Management Agency.
B. can be used by hobbyists in model airplanes
C. can find victims more quickly than a sniffer dog
D. can sense its way no better than its operators
B. would have been put to use in past rescue work
C. helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterday
D. were in greater need yesterday than today
B. Snake-like robots made to aid in rescues.
C. The development of snake-like robots.
D. The working principles of snake-like robots.
(道德的) standards throughout her youth. In 1984, at the age of 23, she married Bill. They were
blessed with two children, a boy and a girl.
By 1991 their love had deepened, and they were happy. Later that year, Bill developed a white
spot on his tongue. He visited a doctor.
One day shortly after that, Bill called Karen to sit beside him. He said with tears in his eyes that he
loved her and wanted to live forever with her. The doctor suspected that he had been infected with HIV,
the virus that leads to AIDS.
The family was tested, Bill and Karen"s results were positive. Bill had become infected before he met
Karen then he passed the virus on to Karen. The children"s results were negative. Within three years. Bill
was dead, "I don"t know how to express what it is like to watch the once handsome man you love and
intend to live with forever dying slowly. I cried many nights. He died three months short of ten years of
our marriage," says Karen. Though a doctor told Karen that she would soon follow her husband into death,
she is still alive. The infection has progressed to the early stages of AIDS.
Karen is hut one of about 30 million people now living with HIV/AIDS, a figure larger than the
combined populations of Australia. Ireland and Paraguay. According to one UN report, Africa has 21 million
of these victims. By the turn of the century that number could reach 40 million and the disease will bring
on the greatest disaster in human history. Of the world"s sexually active adults aged 15 to 49. 1 in 100 has
already been infected with HIV. Of these, only 1 in 10 realizes that he or she is infected. In some parts of
Africa, 25 percent of the adults are infected.
Since the beginning of the spread of AIDS in1981, about 11.7 million people have died of it. It is
roughly calculated that in 1997 alone, about 2.3 million people died of it. Nevertheless, there are fresh
reasons for optimism in the battle against AIDS. During the past few years, there has been a drop in new
AIDS cases in wealthy nations. In addition, promising drugs hold out hope of better health and longer life.
B. stress the importance of medical tests
C. express sympathy for AIDS victims
D. show the consequences of AIDS
B. were asked to adopt
C. regretted having
D. gave birth to
B. the family members were tested
C. Karen persuaded him to see the doctor
D. he found something wrong with his tongue
B. the spread of AIDS could be controlled
C. it is hopeless to win the battle against AIDS
D. the death rate of AIDS patients has been reduced
A Harry Potter stars add magic to young rich. | B A tour of discovering Normandy |
C Do Hollywood stars guarantee a film"s success? | D Save Emergency Rooms for emergencies. |
E Her theories on children"s psychological problems created a sensation. | F Jenny McCarthy and Jim Carrey, with Ms. McCarthy"s son, in an anti-vaccine rally. |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Old Computers Make for Unhappy Workers－Survey LONDON (Reuters)－Dealing with the dissatisfaction of ageing and unreliable office computers leads to workers" unhappiness and more sick-leave, a survey (调查) showed on Wednesday. A survey carried out by care4free. net of over 2,700 European office workers from the UK, France and Germany found that workplace dissatisfaction increased greatly with the age of computer equipment. "We do know that job satisfaction is falling in Britain and in most advanced nations," said Stephen White, a researcher from the Work Foundation. "The actual reasons for this are the subject of very heated discussion. It"s certainly one interesting theory that technology may be the cause of this in some way," White added. A quarter of those using outdated computers in Britain said they were "quite" or "very dissatisfied" with their everyday job compared to 16 percent of those who had enjoyed an advantage from up-to-date technology. The survey also said that among workers dealing with outdated equipment, there was a 35 percent greater probability they would take six or more days of sick-leave per year compared with the average worker. In France, where more workers use older computers, the probability jumped to 55 percent. Results also showed that women in the three countries were more likely to be using outdated equipment. In the UK, where more workers have up-to-date computers than in the other countries surveyed, the number of women using old equipment doubled that of men. White pointed out that there were two sides to this problem, saying that continually having to deal with new technology and new equipment can also be a source of worry. "Old and faulty equipment is a major cause of office dissatisfaction, there"s no question about it. But you also have to say that the frequent change of equipment is also, or could be, a main cause of dissatisfaction." | |
| 1. The underlined word "this" (paragraph 3) refers to ______. | |
| A. workplace dissatisfaction B. computer use in most jobs C. the ageing of office computers D. the survey by care4free.net | |
| 2. How many office workers using old computers in Britain expressed their dissatisfaction? | |
| A. 16% B. 25% C. 35% D. 55% | |
| 3. According to White, why were the women surveyed more likely to use old computers? | |
| A. Most office workers use old computers. B. They do some of their work with computers. C. Dealing with new equipment can cause anxiety. D. They are easier to be satisfied with new technology. | |
| 4. What is the subject of this news story? | |
| A. Poor working conditions in offices. B. Research work of the Work Foundation. C. Influence of technology in the workplace. D. different attitudes to old computers. |