Speaking in any language is all about imitating (模仿) other people. You want to b
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Speaking in any language is all about imitating (模仿) other people. You want to be able to speak like native speakers do. Before you can form your own correct sentences, you first need to see lots of similar ones in the language you are learning.
When you speak in your native language, you don"t have to think about the grammar or the words you use. Correct sentences just come to you. In fact, your brain uses sentences you"ve already seen or heard. If you want to speak a foreign language fluently, you have to learn it the way you learned your native language--- by massive(大量的) input.
Reading and listening will help you develop language intuition(直觉). It"s all about putting lots of correct sentences in your head. Then your brain can imitate them, producing similar sentences to express the meaning you want. When you read and listen a lot, paying attention to useful vocabulary, you will soon start to use new words and phrases in your speaking and writing, and you will develop language intuition. You will start to feel what sounds good and what sounds bad --- just as you do in your native language.
It may seem like you need more time to learn a language by reading and listening, as opposed （相反的）to learning based on grammar rules. For example, to get a good feeling for the use of articles in English you need to read lots of sentences, analyzing them closely. Wouldn"t it be easier to read a unit on articles in a grammar book? Well, the problem is that it takes lots of time to build a sentence when you have to think of grammar rules. When you talk to someone, you don"t have time for that. The input-based approach may seem to be more demanding, but it"s the only way to achieve fluency.
小题1:According to the passage, if you want to speak a foreign language like a native speaker, you must_________.| A．learn grammar very well | | B．input many sentences in your head | | C．read many books in the foreign language | | D．write many compositions |
小题2:Which of the following sentences can explain the meaning of language intuition? | A．Ability to understand a foreign language | | B．Ability to use a foreign language without thinking about it | | C．Ability to speak a foreign language | | D．Ability to imitate a native speaker |
小题3: In the author’s view, what plays an important role in developing language intuition?| A．Listening and Reading | | B．Writing and Listening | | C．Reading and Translating | | D．Listening and Translating |
小题4: According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?| A．You can speak your native language without think about grammar | | B．Before you can speak your native you must hear millions of sentences | | C．The input-based approach is the only way to speak a language fluently | | D．Grammar is no use at all |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍如何能象本族语的人一样说出流利的句子，要输入大量的句子，通过多读多听可以培养语感，而不是学习语法。
小题1:细节题：从第三段的句子：Reading and listening will help you develop language intuition(直觉). It"s all about putting lots of correct sentences in your head.可知如果想和当地人一样说话，就要输入很多的句子。选 B
小题2:推理题：从第三段的句子;When you read and listen a lot, paying attention to useful vocabulary, you will soon start to use new words and phrases in your speaking and writing, and you will develop language intuition. 可知语言直觉就是不用想就能使用外语的能力。选B
小题3:细节题：从第三段的句子：Reading and listening will help you develop language intuition(直觉). 可知渡河听在培养直觉的时候更加重要。选A
小题4:推理题：从第四段的句子;Wouldn"t it be easier to read a unit on articles in a grammar book? Well, the problem is that it takes lots of time to build a sentence when you have to think of grammar rules. 可知语法是有用的，只不过通过语法要想说出句子，需要很长时间。选D |
举一反三
Beautiful cars surrounded by even more beautiful models--it’s no secret why the 2012Beijing Auto Show was popular.
The exhibition was held between April 23 and May 2. Although renowned companies showed off their top models, it wasn’t just their expensive sports cars that grabbed people’s attention.
Concept cars are a way for designers to test out their ideas on the public with complete freedom. They can try out cars with special features that could not be massively(批量) produced easily.
Designers don’t have to follow industry rules；they don’t even need to worry about whether their cars would be fllowed on the roads．
At the Beijing Auto Show，the@Ant by Chery was one concept car to draw a lot of attention．China Daily called it‘‘the very definition of a concept car”．
The vehicle is powered by electricity and is capable of driving itself．But the magic doesn’t end there．
The@Ant was inspired by actual ants．According to Car News China，with the help of automated telemetric systems，@Ants are able to“see” other@Ants and compare destination information. If two are heading the same way for a while, the vehicles connect, with one car’s rear (后面的)wheels matching up with the front wheels of another car．Up to 10@Ants can be put together and will automatically connect to form a“train"．This will help save energy while traveling, as well reducing traffic jams.
The car sounds like a great idea．Further research will be needed to turn this concept car into something for the market，but concepts like Chery’s show how carmakers are working for cleaner and greener vehicles．It’s like what the@Ant motto says，“Exploring future human beings’lifestyles”．
小题1:The concept car is getting popular because .| A．it looks like an ant | | B．it is beautifully designed | | C．it is exhibited as a top model | | D．it conveys a new idea for the future |
小题2:How can the@Ants help save energy while travelling according to the passage?| A．By connecting each other and running together． | | B．By driving themselves without man’s control． | | C．By comparing their destination information． | | D．By reducing traffic jams on the roads． |
小题3:What the designers of the concept car need to do at the Auto Show is .| A．to test the safety of the concept car | | B．to follow the rules in the car industry | | C．to show their unique idea of complete freedom | | D．to see if concept cars can be massively produced |
小题4:The best title of the passage is .| A．Concept Cars Are Driving to the Future | | B．The@Ant Draws a Lot of Attention | | C．The@Ant Is a Top Model of Concept Cars | | D．Concept Cars Are Cleaner and Greener |
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Scientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans. These machines can do jobs in places that are too dangerous for humans. For example, they are being developed to work in nuclear power center, deep under the oceans and in outer space.
John Marrit, a psychologist(心理学家) in Williamsburg Massachusetts, helped develop the new machine. This is how they work. A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who operates it. The person wears special hard hat with television screens and sound equipment. The screens and sound equipment let the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing. Mr. Marrit says this gives the person the feeling of being in the same place as the machine. The idea, he says, is being there without going there. The person uses an electronic control to make the machine move. The machine copies the person’s movements exactly. If the person raises his right arm, the machine raises the right arm, too. This means an expert can do a dangerous job while staying in the safe place. For example, a person can direct the machine to destroy a bomb without going near the bomb himself.
小题1:The new kind of machine being introduced in the passage is _______.| A．in existence | B．only an idea | | C．being tried out | D．being researched and developed |
小题2:The machine _______.| A．follows the person’s order | | B．is controlled by a computer | | C．does exactly what the person does | | D．is controlled by a television on the person’s head |
小题3:The difference between such a new machine and a robot is that _______.| A．the new machine is more difficult to make than a robot | | B．the new machine is more difficult to be controlled | | C．a robot is controlled by man indirectly | | D．a robot can’t be used in places too dangerous or faraway |
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Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in order to cut the greenhouse gases they send out，which is thought to be responsible for global warming．
Thanks to special bacteria in the stomachs，kangaroo flatulence（肠胃气胀）contains no methane（甲烷）and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep which produce large quantities of the harmful gas．
While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a huge factory chimney pushing out carbon dioxide，farm animals’ passing wind contributes to a surprisingly high percentage of total emission（排放物）in some countries．
“Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia is from methane from cattle and sheep，’’said Athol Klieve，a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government．
“And if you look at another country such as New Zealand，which has got a much higher agricultural base，they are actually up around 50 percent，”he said．
Researchers say the bacteria also make the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers．
But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate the bacteria before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep．
Another group of scientists，meanwhile，has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos．And about twenty percent of health-conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already．
“It’s low in fat，it’s got high protein levels and it’s very clean in the sense that basically it’s the free-range（放养的）animal，”said Peter Ampt of the University of New South Wales’s institute of environmental studies．
小题1:The passage mainly talks about ________.| A．a better way to prevent air pollution | | B．the danger of methane from farm animals | | C．possible solutions to protecting environment | | D．a recent research on global warming |
小题2: Scientists intend to put the bacteria into cattle and sheep in order to ________.| A．prevent them from sending out harmful gases | | B．promote Australian farming | | C．protect Australian ecosystem | | D．make the most of the special bacteria |
小题3:Another possible solution to the problem is ________.| A．to reduce the number of animals raised on farms | | B．to eat more kangaroos rather than keep more sheep and cattle | | C．to eat more plants rather than beef and mutton | | D．to grow more trees to absorb carbon dioxide |
小题4:From the passage we learn that ________.| A．it is easy to transfer the bacteria to cattle and sheep | | B．farm animals are to blame for global warming in some countries | | C．cattle and sheep produce more methane than kangaroos | | D．less cattle and sheep are raised in New Zealand |
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We produce 500 billion of plastic bags in a year worldwide and they are thrown away polluting oceans, killing wildlife and getting dumped in landfills where they take up to 1000 years to decompose. Researchers have been unsuccessfully looking for a solution.
The 16-year old Canadian high school student, Daniel Burd, from Waterloo Collegiate Institute,
has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(分解) in as few as 3 months, a finding that won him first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair, a $10 000 prize, a $20 000 scholarship, and a chance to revolutionize a major environmental issue.
Burd"s strategy was simple: Since plastic does eventually degrade, it must be eaten by microorganisms (微生物). If those microorganisms could be identified, we could put them to work eating the plastic much faster than under normal conditions.
With this goal in mind, he ground plastic bags into a powder and concocted(调制) a solution of household chemicals, yeast(酵母) and tap water to encourage microbes growth. Then he added the plastic powder and let the microbes work their magic for 3 months. Finally, he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags, exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control. Sure enough, the plastic exposed to the live bacteria was 17% lighter than the control after six weeks.
The inputs are cheap: maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work, and the only outputs are water and tiny levels of carbon dioxide.
“Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the closet door, I have piles of plastic bags falling on top of me. One day, I got tired of it and I wanted to know what other people are doing with these plastic bags. The answer: not much. So I decided to do something myself.” said Daniel Burd.
小题1:Daniel Burd won first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair because________.| A．he found a new kind of microorganism | | B．he contributed much to environmental protection | | C．he found a way to degrade plastics in shorter time | | D．he could encourage microbes growth in an easier way |
小题2:Daniel Burd exposed one plastic sample to dead bacteria to ________.| A．make the live bacteria work better | | B．test how effective his method was | | C．know which bacteria worked faster | | D．control the temperature in the process |
小题3:Maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because ________.| A．plastics can get hot easily | | B．microbes can produce heat themselves | | C．much carbon dioxide is produced | | D．the temperature can be controlled |
小题4:Daniel Burd got his idea from ________.| A．his school textbook | B．the failure of researchers | | C．his everyday work | D．the practice of other people |
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A victim of climate change
A polar bear"s dead body found on the Arctic island of Svalbard, the northernmost part of Norway, has shocked experts who say climate change may be to blame for the death. The starved polar bear in Norway was said to be in good bones by the time a group of explorers came across its body in July．
The bear is thought to have been heading north in a desperate search for sea ice that would allow it to hunt for seals．"From his lying position in death, the bear appears to simply have starved to health in April when the Norwegian Polar Institute examined and labeled it． However, the animal was reduced to skin and bones and died where he dropped," polar bear expert Dr. Ian Stirling, a professor at the University of Alberta said, "He had external suggestion of any remaining fat, having been reduced to little more than skin and bone．"
Stirling believes the bear starved to death as a result of a lack of sea ice which the animals use as a platform for hunting seals． That may also explain why the 16-year-old male bear was found about 155 miles north of where it was seen in April．
Arctic sea ice reached a record low in 2012, according to a report released this week by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration that pointed to continued signs of climate change．
The International Union for Conservation of Nature currently classifies polar bears as vulnerable on its Red List of Threatened Species．
小题1:How did Stirling know the reason for the death of the polar bear?| A．By the food he ate． | B．By doing further experiments． | | C．By observing other polar bears． | D．By his lying position in death． |
小题2:The underlined word "vulnerable" probably means _____．| A．easily hurt | B．difficult to hunt | | C．dangerous | D．amazing |
小题3:What is the author"s attitude to the incident?| A．Favorable． | B．Uncaring． | | C．Doubtful． | D．Concerned． |
小题4:Where does this text probably come from?| A．A novel． | B．A guidebook． | | C．A news report． | D．An advertisement． |
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