In July 1994 Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, was struck by 21 p
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In July 1994 Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, was struck by 21 pieces of a comet (彗星). When the fragments (碎片) landed in the southern part of the giant planet, the explosions were watched by scientists here on earth. But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?
The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the Earth. The news has caused panic.
On 17 July, a fragment four kilometers wide enters the Earth"s atmosphere with a huge explosion. About half of the fragment is destroyed. But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and an enormous wave is created and spreads. The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometres an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned. The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.
Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the Earth, but the north won"t escape for long. Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions. As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later civilization has collapsed. No more than 10 million people have survived.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment. The dinosaurs couldn"t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct. Will we meet the same end?
小题1:55.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the author"s description of the disaster in 2094?| A．The whole world becomes extremely cold | | B．All the coastal cities in Africa are destroyed | | C．The visit of the comet results in wars | | D．The whole mankind becomes extinct |
小题2:56.Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?| A．Because they could only live in the warm climate | | B．Because their extinction indicates future disasters | | C．Because they once dominated the earth | | D．Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age |
小题3:57.In writing the passage, the author intends to ______.| A．give an accurate description of the possible disaster in the future | | B．prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyed | | C．warn of a possible disaster in the future | | D．tell the historical development of the Earth |
小题4:58.It can be concluded that the passage is most probably part of a(n) ______.| A．article of popular science | B．news report | | C．research paper | D．horror story |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A |
解析
试题分析：本文是一篇科普类文章。文章讲述了未来由于彗星撞击地球可能会出现的灾难，
小题1:D考查细节理解。根据文章的第四段中的As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. 可知A正确；根据第三段中的Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned. 可知B正确；根据根据文章的第四段中的Crops are ruined. Wars break out as countries fight for food. 可知C正确；根据文章最后一段中的Will we meet the same end?可知，人类是否会灭绝没有将清楚。故四个选项中D不正确。
小题2:B考查推理判断。根据文章的最后两句话The dinosaurs couldn"t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct. Will we meet the same end?可知，恐龙在那种寒冷的环境下会灭绝，人类未来也可能有同样的遭遇。故选B。
小题3:C考查作者的写作意图。根据文章最后一段中的Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. 和Will we meet the same end?可知，作者在给人类提出未来可能发生灾难的警示。故选C。
小题4:A考查文章的出处。此处article of popular science大众科学文章；news report新闻报道；research paper研究论文；horror story恐怖故事。根据文章的大意可知，是一篇大众科学文章。故选A。 |
举一反三
If you hear the sound of running water the next time you call a co-worker on his or her mobile phone, don’t be surprised. Three-fourths of Americans with mobile phones say they use them in the bathroom, a new study shows.
Approximately the same number of men and women have used the phone in the bathroom, according to a survey of 1,000 Americans by 11mark, an integrated marketing agency, although men seem more attached to IT in the toilet: 30 percent of men versus 20 percent of women agreed with the statement, "I don"t go to the bathroom without my mobile phone."
More than half the surveyed users (63 percent) said they have answered a phone call in the bathroom, and almost half (41 percent) reported initiating a phone call. That"s not all, however. What goes on behind the walls of the stalls is anything a mobile phone is capable of. Sixty-seven percent said they have read a text, and 39 percent have surfed the Web. Men work more from the bathroom — 20 percent said they have participated in work-related calls, versus 13 percent of their female colleagues.
As expected, Gen Y respondents are the pacesetters in the "mobile everywhere" movement, with 91 percent using their phone in the bathroom. Still, older generations are not far behind. Eighty percent of Gen X(1961-1981) reported using the phone in the bathroom, as did 65 percent of Baby Boomers and 47 percent of the Silent Generation.
While online, they are doing more than just surfing; 16 percent of Gen Y report they have made an online purchase while in the bathroom. Users of iPhones are particularly likely to browse and buy in the bathroom – 22 percent have made a purchase, versus 10 percent of Americans with mobile phones overall.
"The writing is on the stall," said 11mark principal Nicole Burdette. "This study confirms what we all know: that the last private place is no longer private."
In the process, high-tech hygiene(卫生) is taking a hit, the survey found. While 92 percent of mobile phone users said they wash their hands after using the bathroom, only 14 percent said they wash their phones.
小题1:59.Which is the best word to replace the underlined word "initiating"?| A．receiving | B．experiencing | C．ending | D．beginning |
小题2:60.According to his words, Nicole Buedette mainly wants to tell us that .| A．no wonder mobile phones are used in the bathroom | | B．the bathroom is a private place for people | | C．it makes people have no privacy at all | | D．more men have used the phone in the bathroom |
小题3:61.What does the last paragraph of the passage imply?| A．Using phones in the bathroom has a bad effect on hygiene | | B．Mobile phones should not be allowed to use in the bathroom | | C．Most people care about the hygiene after using the bathroom | | D．Few people wash their phones after using the bathroom |
小题4:62.The attitude of the author to the use of phones in the bathroom is ______| A．supportive | B．disapproval | | C．subjective(主观的) | D．objective(客观的) |
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People diet to look more attractive．Fish diet to avoid being beaten up，thrown out of their social group，and getting eaten as a result．That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists．
The research team have discovered that subordinate(低一等的) fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors．"In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals，a male and female，had breeding（繁殖）rights within the group，" explains Marian Wong．"All other group members are nonbreeding females，each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor．We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation．"
The reason for the size difference was easy to see．Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor，it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group．More often than not，the evicted fish is then eaten up．
It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish．Whether they did so voluntarily，by restraining how much they ate，was not clear．The research team decided to do an experiment．They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened．To their surprise，the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered，clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights，over having a feast．
The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group．Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves，so keeping their competitors small．
While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious，Dr．Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understand how hierarchical（等级的）societies remain stable．
The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans．"As yet，we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，" the researchers comment．"Data on human dieting suggests that，while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness，rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females" own ideal．"
小题1:When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor，it _________．| A．leaves the group itself | B．has breeding rights | | C．eats its competitor | D．faces danger |
小题2:The underlined words "the evicted fish" in Paragraph 3 refer to _________．| A．the fish beaten up | B．the fish driven away | | C．the fish found out | D．the fish fattened up |
小题3:The experiment showed that the smaller fish _________．| A．fought over a feast | B．preferred some extra food | | C．challenged the boss fish | D．went on diet willingly |
小题4:What is the text mainly about? | A．Fish dieting and human dieting． | B．Dieting and health． | | C．Human dieting． | D．Fish dieting． |
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To many web-building spiders, most of whom are nearly blind, the web is their essential window on the world: their means of communicating, capturing prey, meeting mates and protecting themselves. A web-building spider without its web is like a men cast away on an island of solid rock，totally out of touch and destined to starve to death. So important is the web to an orb-web spider"s survival that the animal will continue to construct new webs daily even if it is being starved. For 16 days the starving spider builds completely normal webs. Then, as the animal gets scrawnier, it constructs a wider-meshed （网孔、网眼）web using fewer strands（线）. Such webs would only trap larger prey, which is more economical from the perspective of a starving spider. The spider stores energy by recycling web protein. It simply eats its own web each evening and reuses it to produce new silk. In studies with radioactivity, labeled materials, it was found that 95 percent of web protein reappears in the next day web. Most of the energy needed for web-building is used in walking over the strands as they are laid down. Scientists are impressed by the adaptability of the spider"s highly preprogrammed brain, which is larger for its size than the brain of any other invertebrate（无脊推动物）. If web-building is interrupted, or if some of the existing strands are destroyed, the spider simply goes back to see where the web is left off and then finishes building a normal web. One spider will finish building the incomplete web of another.
小题1:Which of the following best expresses the main ideas of the passage?| A．Secrets of Spiders" Adaptability | | B．Importance of Webs to Spiders | | C．Secrets of the Spiders" Life | | D．Spiders" Highly Preprogrammed Brain |
小题2:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?| A．Most spiders will stop conducting webs when hungry. | | B．One Web-building spider usually conducts one web. | | C．Web-building spiders will probably die without their webs. | | D．Web-building spiders have good eyesight. |
小题3:The underlined word “scrawnier” in the second paragraph probably means ______. | A．weaker but good-looking | | B．fatter and stronger | | C．nice and healthier | | D．thinner and bony |
小题4:A spider"s ability to finish an incomplete web proves that ______.| A．it has a highly preprogrammed brain | | B．it reuses its web protein to reproduce new silk | | C．the web is everything for a spider | | D．it is able to rebuild a destroyed web |
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It"s not about how much money you make, and it"s not about who your daddy is. We"re talking about being attractive in general, whether it"s on a job interview or just gaining the respect of your colleagues . . .
Ask lots of questions
If you come across as a know-it-all (even if you really do know it all!), it really pushes people away. Rather, asking lots and lots of questions makes people feel like you care, you can be trusted.
Great body language
Your body language says a lot about you - it says whether you have confidence, or simply if you really care. Talking physically, it is one of the most important physical characteristics you need!
Stay busy
Always have something to do. Have you ever seen someone just sitting around, doing nothing? How unattractive. Always be busy with something, even if for some reason you have to make something up.
Show your pearly whites (or just smile)
Smile more, no matter how ugly your teeth are. I"m not kidding about this one. It"s not all about the teeth. If you are smiling genuinely, you can draw everyone for 100 meters around to you.
Wear what fits
Wear clothing that fits you. For women, wearing tight pants or shirts is not attractive. Things that just fit you and your shape are the best but not tight. Wear things that fit you nicely, please . . . And for goodness sake, both sexes, stay away from logos and printed shirts! Most people you may ask do not find this attractive. Stop being some company"s billboard(广告牌).
Be interested in other man
Be interested in the other person. Don"t talk about. If you are truly interested in the person, it will come across. And if you want to talk about yourself, you"ll find that putting the other person first actually opens him up to return the favor and ask you questions. See how fun this is?
小题1:It is your ________ that makes you attractive. | A．your family background | | B．fashionable tight clothes | | C．your appearance and your wealth | | D．proper body language and behavior |
小题2:According to the author, if you ________, you can be trusted. | A．always smile and show your pearly teeth | | B．keep asking lots of questions | | C．are interested in other people’s personal affairs | | D．always wear clothes that fit you |
小题3:The purpose of staying busy is to ________. | A．gain praises from your boss and colleagues | | B．look attractive among people | | C．show that you are interested in your job | | D．get promoted in your company |
小题4:If you are going to a job interview, which of the following is a proper behavior?| A．Wearing a shirt with printed logos | | B．Keeping talking about your own experiences and talents | | C．Staying still, not making any body language | | D．Smiling truly toward the people you will meet |
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Why would an animal kill itself? It seems a strange question, and yet it is one that has made some scientists curious for a long time. For there is a kind of animal called lemming（旅鼠）, that periodically killed themselves together, and no one knows just why!
The small creatures which live in the Scandinavian mountains, feed on a diet of roots and special insects and live in nests they dig underground. When their food supply is large, the lemmings live a normal and undisturbed life.
However, when the lemmings’ food supply becomes too low to support the population, a singular migration（迁徙）begins. The lemmings leave their nests in groups. Great numbers of them begin to travel across the Scandinavian plains, a journey that may last weeks. The lemmings eat everything in their path, continuing their long march until they reach the sea.
The reason for what follows remains unbelievable to naturalists. Upon reaching the coast, the lemmings do not stop but swim by the thousands into the sea. Most stay afloat only a short time before they tire, sink and drown.
A common theory for this mass self-killing is that the lemmings do not realize that the ocean is such a huge body of water in their cross-country journey, the animals must cross many smaller bodies of water, such as rivers and small lakes. They may think that the sea is just another such swimmable path to go through. But no final answer has been found to the strange happening.
小题1:The passage is mainly about______. | A．how lemmings find food | | B．why animals kill themselves | | C．the lemmings’ self-killing | | D．the food supply in the Scandinavian mountains |
小题2:A reason for the lemmings’ self-killing might be that they______. | A．go mad from a lack of food | | B．hope to find fish for food | | C．decide to reduce the population | | D．think they can cross the sea |
小题3:Why are scientists curious about the lemmings’ behavior? | A．Because they are the only animals that live in Scandinavia. | | B．Because it is very unusual for animals to kill themselves. | | C．Because of the amount of food they can eat on their march to the sea. | | D．Because they can gather together in such huge numbers. |
小题4:The underlined word “singular” means______. | A．unusual | B．single | C．wonderful | D．common |
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