An allowance(零花钱) is an important tool for teaching kids how to make plans for t

An allowance(零花钱) is an important tool for teaching kids how to make plans for t

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An allowance(零花钱) is an important tool for teaching kids how to make plans for the use of money, save and make their own decisions. Children remem­ber and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly.
How large an allowance is suitable? Experts say there is not right amount. Actual amounts differ from region to re­gion, and from family to family.
To set an suitable allowance for your child, work up a weekly plan. Allow for entertainment costs such as movies and snacks. Next, include everyday expenses such as lunch money, bus fare, school supplies. "If you make the child responsible for these bills’," says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, " he or she will learn to plan for nec­essary costs."
Finally, add some extra money to make saving possible. If you can keep your child’s allowance in line with that of his friends. A child whose buying power falls away below his peers’ can feel left out.
It can be tough, but don’t excuse your children when they make a mistake with their allowance. When Brooke Ste­phens was ten and growing up in Jacksonville, her mother gave her $5 a week, $1.75 of which was for bus fare and lunch." If you lose your money," Brooke’s mother told her, "you walk home."
One week the girl spent all her allowance in a candy store, then she called home for a ride. " Mom made me walk home," recalls Stephens, now a financial planner in Brook­lyn. " At first I was angry. But I finally realized that she was trying to teach me an important lesson. "
Experts advise that an allowance should not be tied di­rectly to a child’s daily housework at home. Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family. You might, however, pay a child for doing extra jobs at home, which can develop his or her early habits.
小题1:Which of the following is the possible title of the passage?
A.How to develop a child’s early habits.
B.How to work up an amount of pocket money.
C.How to teach a child about money.
D.How to teach a child to save money.
小题2: It can be inferred from the passage that if a child is given an allowance, he or she may ________.
A.spend all the money very soon
B.fall into the bad habit of wasting money
C.feel responsible and careful about money
D.lose the money and can not return home
小题3: In Paragraph 4, the words “his peers” refer to ________.
A.his parentsB.his friends
C.his financial expertsD.his teachers
小题4: Why does the writer mention Brooke Stephens?
A.To question the opinion about pocket money.
B.To compare Stephens with other financial experts.
C.To explain that parents should be strict when children are developing good habits about money.
D.To suggest pocket money is useless in developing a child’s sense of responsibility.
小题5: The writer implies in the passage that ________.
A.children may feel lonely if they have no pocket money
B.a child’s early good habits can be developed if he or she is paid for all the housework
C.paying children for their housework is no good
D.children may learn to put aside some money if they are given a great amount of pocket money

答案

小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:C
解析

试题分析:本文讨论的主要是关于给孩子零花钱的问题,以及孩子在使用零花钱方面的具体的作用和影响。
小题1:C 主旨大意题。本文讨论的主要是关于给孩子零花钱的问题,以及孩子在使用零花钱方面的具体的作用和影响。故C项正确。
小题2:C 推断题。根据文章第三段"If you make the child responsible for these bills’," says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, " he or she will learn to plan for nec­essary costs."说明如果我给孩子零花钱,孩子就可能会为自己的账单,也就是自己所话的钱负责。故C项正确。
小题3:B 推理题。根据本句If you can keep your child’s allowance in line with that of his friends. A child whose buying power falls away below his peers’ can feel left out.说明孩子和他的朋友在一起的时候,如果他的钱不如朋友多,就会感觉不好,故该词是指他的同龄人,爷爷就是他的朋友们。故B正确。
小题4:C 推理题。根据文章倒数第三段第一句It can be tough, but don’t excuse your children when they make a mistake with their allowance.可知如果孩子犯错,不要给他找借口。也就是对孩子要严格,接下来举例就是为了说明这个道理。故C项正确。
小题5:C 推理题。根据文章最后一段前3行Experts advise that an allowance should not be tied di­rectly to a child’s daily housework at home. Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family.可知专家认为给孩子钱让他们做家务这种做法是错误的。故C项正确。
点评:本文讨论的主要是关于给孩子零花钱的问题,以及孩子在使用零花钱方面的具体的作用和影响。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上,做出一定判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话,也可是某几句话,但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据,既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理,要根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案。
举一反三
The massive magnitude(震级) 8.8 earthquake that struck the west coast of Chile moved the entire city of Concepcion at least 10 feet to the west, and moved other parts of South America as far apart as the Falkland Islands and Fortaleza, Brazil.
These measurements, produced from data gathered by researchers from four universities and several agencies, paint a much clearer picture of the power behind this earthquake, believed to be the fifth-most-powerful since instruments have been available to measure earthquake.
Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina moved about 1 inch to the west. And Chile"s capital, Santiago, moved about 11 inches to the west-southwest. The cities of Valparaiso and Mendoza, Argentina, northeast of Concepcion, also moved.
The quake"s epicenter (震中) was in a region of South America that"s part of the so-called “ring of fire,” an area of major seismic(地震的) stresses which encircles(环绕,包围) the Pacific Ocean. All along this line, the plates on which the continents move press against each other.
Mike Bevis, professor of earth sciences at Ohio State, has led a project since 1993 that has been measuring crustal(地壳的)movement in the Central and Southern Andes. The effort is called the Central and Southern Andes GPS Project, or CAP.
Ben Brooks, an associate researcher with the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology at the University of Hawaii, said that the event, offers a unique opportunity to better understand the seismic processes that control earthquakes.
“We now have modern, precise instruments to evaluate this event, and because the site borders a continent, we will be able to get evidences of the changes it caused.” said Brooks.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage?
A.The earthquake in Chile was dangerous.
B.Earthquake often happen in Chile
C.The earthquake in Chile moved cities.
D.The earthquake in Chile had been predicted.
小题2:Which of the following cities moved to the west most?
A.ConcepcionB.Buenos AiresC.SantiagoD.Valparaiso
小题3: The underlined words “ring of fire” in Paragraph 4 refer to __________.
A.the fire and the earthquake
B.the beautiful places around the ocean
C.the plate on which South America lies
D.the area around the Pacific Ocean
小题4: What do we know about CAP?
A.It is under the leadership of Mike Bevis.
B.It observes earthquakes worldwide.
C.It is designed to watch climate changes.
D.It mainly studies the Pacific Ocean.

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根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5题,每小题2分,满分10分)
Active listening is an essential skill in learning. It is when you listen carefully to make sure you understand and learn the information that is being conveyed.   1   Here are some things which can help you to listen actively.
Listen for the main point and major subpoints(次要点). Don’t just write everything down. Listen carefully and make sure you understand what the purpose of this lecture is. As you take down notes, keep the main point in mind and make sure you understand how these notes are related.
Listen for an organizational structure. Listen carefully to figure out how the ideas are organized and they will make more sense.
Pay attention to organizational cues(暗示).   2  Pay close attention to the introduction, as it will probably indicate how you should organize your notes. If the lecture begins with, “ Today, I’m going to talk about three conflicts in the Middle East,” then you have a good idea of what’ s going to follow. Listen for “signpost” words to indicate a transition for one point to the next, such as “next” and “finally” and numerical signposts like “first” or “third”.
Listen with your eyes.    3  Watch the teacher and be aware of how he or she uses hand gestures, eye contact and other body language to convey points.
___4____ Put away the campus newspaper, your cell phone and anything else that might be more interesting than the lecture. Learning to concentrate and listen actively is an endurance(持久) skill.   5   
A. Speakers communicate information through nonverbal(不使用语言的) communication.
B. Unfortunately, many students don’t know how to listen actively when they attend classes.
C. If your teacher indicates that something is important ,mark it.
D. Make yourself do it, and it will get easier over time.
E.  Listen carefully for words and phrases that reflect the organizational structure of the lecture.
F.  Your teachers’ notes are probably organized into some kind of outline.
G.  Remove distractions.
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
The US space agency NASA is looking for people to go to Mars, and stay there. This attractive career is for people who want a huge change of scenery and planet. The project is called the Hundred Years Starship, which aims to colonize (开拓殖民地) other lands such as the red planet Mars.
Settlers would travel to the red planet and live there forever. NASA says it would be too expensive to bring humans back to Earth. The space agency can afford, however, to send supplies to the astronaut pioneers from Earth. Astronauts would be landed on the planet"s surface and would never be able to return home due to the cost.
NASA has started the project with $1.6 million, and hopes to attract investment from space-living billionaires. Google co-founder Larry Page told NASA he would be interested if the cost of a one-way ticket can go down from $10 billion to $2 billion.
The journey to Mars could take 4 months. Setting on the red planet would be extremely dangerous, especially given the freezing temperatures there. The thin atmosphere would be another problem as it is mostly carbon dioxide, so oxygen supplies are a must. A director in NASA said that he believed the trip might start with visiting Mars"s moons first. He claimed that humans could be on Mars"s moons by 2030.
Many scientists think colonizing space is absolutely necessary. Steven Hawking believes we must move to other planets to survive as a species. He said: “Once we spread out into space and establish independent colonies, our future should be safe.” Scientists Dirk" Schulze-Makuch and Paul Davies also call it a “desirable goal”, though there surely are huge risks to explore new lands.
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE about the Hundred Years Starship?
A.It has cost NASA around $10 billion.
B.It is expected to be conducted on Mars in 2030.
C.It aims to explore new lands in the universe.
D.It is a project first raise by Steven Hawking.
小题2:We can infer from the passage that Google co-founder Larry Page _______.
A.used to be an astronautB.is no longer rich now
C.is a fan of space travelD.is a generous man
小题3:What would be the best title for the passage?
A.One-way trip to Mars
B.Mars"s another moon is found.
C.Human landing on Mars.
D.NASA"s first cooperation with Google.

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Scientists in Colombia have trained a team of rats to help remove land mines from the countryside. Land mines are small bombs hidden in the ground and designed to explode(爆炸) when someone steps on them.
When trained, the rats can smell special metals in the mines and then signal(发信号) to their human team. Then why use rats for such an important job?
In the past, dogs have been used to find bombs. Rats have a good sense of smell and can respond to orders, just like dogs do. But rats are much lighter than dogs. They stand less of a chance of setting off the mines, which explode under a certain amount of weight. What’s more, the best rats are cheaper to keep than dogs. It costs about the same amount of money to take care of one dog as it does 70 rats.
The rats have already been used in Tanzania, an African country with many land mines. Luisa Fernanda Méndez and her team in Colombia are training the even lighter Wistar rats. These are the white rats with red eyes that scientists often use in laboratory experiments. “They even train their babies to perform their jobs, which saves us a lot of time, ” Méndez said.
Colombia has the second-highest rate(比率) of deaths from land mine accidents in the world. Last year, land mines killed 695 people — 56 of whom were children. A criminal group called the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC, as well as other organizations, have placed the mines. FARC are strongly against Colombia’s government. The group has placed mines all around its own bases and in many places in the countryside.
In the past, the Colombian government hired peasants and poor farmers to find mines. Many of them died trying to find the well-hidden bombs.
Colombian police official Erick Guzmán hopes the team of rats can come to the rescue(援救). “These rats will be a great help,” he said.
小题1:How do rats help to find land mines?
A.By their special sight. B.By their light weight.
C.By their sense of smell.D.By their excellent hearing.
小题2:The advantage of rats over dogs in finding bombs is that _____.
A.they are cleverer.
B.they run faster
C.they have a better sense of smell
D.they don’t make mines explode as easily
小题3:The underlined word “They” may refer to ______.
A.scientistsB.Wistar rats
C.dogsD.Méndez and her team
小题4: What is the passage mainly about?
A.Specially-trained rats help clear land mines.
B.People in Tanzania are suffering from land mines.
C.Dogs are no longer used to find land mines.
D.Land mines have become a great danger to Colombians.

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A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking, say researchers from Germany.
The researchers found in a series of linked studies - using a messy desk and a messy shop front - that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand.
Visual and mental clutter(阻塞) forces human beings to focus and think more clearly.
Famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious(声名狼藉的) for their untidy desks.
“Messy desks may not be as detrimental(有害的) as they appear to be, as the problem-solving approaches they seem to cause can improve work efficiency or increase employees" creativity in problem solving,” say the authors.
“Business and government managers often promote "clean desk" policies to avoid disorganized offices and messy desks, for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity,” writes lead researcher Jia Liu of the University of Groningen in a paper published in the Journal of Consumer Research.
“This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter one"s mind and complicate one"s judgments.”
“However, not all evidence supports this conventional link between a messy environment and a messy mind.”
The scientists tested people"s response in various "messy" environments - including a messy shop front, a disorganized desk, and even a work environment where a language task "reminded" people of messiness.
The authors found in the series of six studies people tended towards simplicity in their thinking.
“They categorized (分类) products in a simpler manner, were willing to pay more for a T-shirt that shows a simple-looking picture, and sought less variety in their choices.” said the researchers.
小题1: The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that _____.
A.A messy desk cannot contribute to clearer thinking
B.People thought more clearly about a messy desk and a shop front
C.People will feel confused when all around are chaos
D.People manage to simplify the tasks in messy environments
小题2: Why does the author take Albert Einstein as an example?
A.to support the idea that clearer thinking comes from messy environment.
B.to tell the fact that Einstein was known for his untidy desks.
C.to stop us from learning from Albert Einstein.
D.to call on us to develop a good habit.
小题3:How do people look at messy environment according to the conventional wisdom?
A.Messy environment will create clearer thinking.
B.Messy environment will simplify one" s judgment.
C.Messy environment can promote work efficiency.
D.Messy environment can block one" s mind.
小题4: What does the last paragraph imply?
A.People believe messy environment creates clearer thinking.
B.People sought more simplicity in the choices.
C.People were not willing to choose those complicated products.
D.Not all the people accept messy environment and complicated things

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