完型填空（共20小题；每小题1。5分，满分30分）Every human being, 36 what he is doing, gives off body
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完型填空（共20小题；每小题1。5分，满分30分）
Every human being, 36 what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is 37 dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the 38 problem — how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes 39 body heat, but the heat given off by such objects 40 light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well 41 no conventional fuel is needed 42 the campus’ six buildings comfortable.
Some parts of most modern buildings — theatres and offices 43 classrooms — are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned 44 in winter. The technique of 45 heat and redistributing it is 46 “heat recover”. A few modern buildings recover 47 , but the university’s system is the first to recover heat 48 some buildings and re-use it in 49 . Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The 50 a student studies, the more heat his body 51 . Male students emit more heat than 52 students, and the larger a student, the more heat he 53 . It is tempting to 54 that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a 55 , over-weight male genius.
| 小题1: | | A．though | B．no matter | C．however | D．in spite of |
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| 小题2: | | A．how to | B．how | C．what | D．what to |
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| 小题3: | | A．similar | B．wrong | C．opposing | D．opposit |
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| 小题4: | | A．both | B．not only | C．as well as | D．neither |
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| 小题5: | | A．for example | B．like | C．of | D．as |
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| 小题6: | | A．which | B．then | C．that | D．therefore |
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| 小题7: | | A．make | B．to be made | C．to make | D．making |
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| 小题8: | | A．including | B．as well as | C．with | D．as well |
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| 小题10: | | A．saving | B．being saved | C．disposing | D．being disposed |
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| 小题11: | | A．talked | B．thought | C．suggested | D．called |
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| 小题12: | | A．loss | B．cold | C．temperature | D．heat |
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| 小题14: | | A．the other | B．other | C．others | D．the others |
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| 小题15: | | A．hard | B．hardest | C．harder | D．more hard |
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| 小题16: | | A．takes in | B．gives off | C．gives in | D．takes out |
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| 小题17: | | A．other | B．female | C．girl | D．boy |
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| 小题18: | | A．produces | B．manufactures | C．designs | D．assembles |
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| 小题19: | | A．start | B．conclude | C．end | D．begin |
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小题20:A. easy-going . fun-making C.hard-working D. good-for-nothing |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:D
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:C
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:A
小题1:D
小题1:D
小题1:B
小题1:C
小题1:C
小题1:B
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:B
小题1:C |
解析
小题1:B。no matter what无论什么。任何人，无论他在做什么，身体都会散发出热量。
小题1:A。问题是，如何（how to）释放这些热量。
小题1:D。但是匹兹堡大学约翰斯顿校区的老师却在思考相反的（opposit）问题—如何收集身体热量。
小题1:B。not only不仅。他们设计了一套系统，不但收集体内的热，还收集其他一些物品。
小题1:D。像（as）是灯泡和冰箱散发的热量。
小题1:C。这套系统运行的非常成功，校区内的六座楼只靠收集起的热能就能很好地运转工作。
小题1:C。解析见上题。
小题1:B。as well as以及。现代化的大楼，无论是剧院、办公楼还是教室是用人体和灯光的热来供热的。
小题1:A。有时候甚至（even）在冬天的空调也是由它们来供热。
小题1:A。这种收集（saving）热能并将它们重新分配的技术叫做“热能回收再利用”。
小题1:D。called被称之为。解析见上题。
小题1:D。一些现代化的大楼回收热能（heat），但是约翰斯顿校区的系统是第一次实现在一个楼中回收热能在把这些热能供应给其他楼宇。
小题1:B。解析见上题。
小题1:C。others其他的。解析见前一题。
小题1:C。一个学生学习越努力（harder），他散发的热能就越多。
小题1:B。gives off散发。解析见上题。
小题1:B。男学生散发的热量多于女（female）学生。
小题1:A。身体体积越大，产生（produce）的热量就越多。
小题1:B。conclude结论。这样说来，我们可以认为约翰斯顿校区生产最多体热的是那些身体强壮甚至超重、学习刻苦的男性天才。
小题1:C。hard-working勤奋的，解析见上题。 |
举一反三
Recently Dr. Cleiman has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor through your work, you may say that you are “hot”. That is true, the time of day when you feel most energetic (full of energy) is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak(top). For some people the peak comes during the forenoon(上午前). For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so.
Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what this energy cycle means and which cycle each member of the family has.
You cannot change your cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. “Habits can help,” Dr. Cleiman believes. If your energy cycle is low in the morning but you have an important job early in the day, rise before your usual hour, and then you will work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a lazy yawn(哈欠) and stretch. Sit on the edge of bed before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.
小题1: Dr. Cleiman did not explain in the passage ___________.| A．how people can make their life fit their cycle | B．whether everyo ne has a daily cycle or not | | C．why people have their energy cycle of body at different times | D．what will happen in the family if the couple fail to realize which cycle each member has |
小题2:For what reason may husbands and wives quarrel with each other?| A．Either of them gets up late in the morning. | | B．Husbands and wives have different cycles of energy. | | C．Either of them wants to change the cycle of the other’s. | | D．They do not know which cycle they themselves have. |
小题3:According to the passage,____________.| A．one should get up earlier if he wants to work better at his low point in the morning | | B．one can change his cycle | | C．whenever you feel hot, your energy cycle reaches the highest | | D．your cycle must be in the morning if you can get up early |
小题4:Which of the following can save your energy in the morning?| A．Getting up late. | B．Jumping out of bed as quickly as possible. | | C．Looking for clean clothes. | D．Sitting for a while before getting out of bed. |
小题5: Which of the following statements is wrong?| A．If you know your cycle you can make good use of time. | | B．If you know your cycle you can change it to fit your life. | | C．Father and son do not necessarily have the same cycle. | | D．Having a habit of doing something can make people affected less by their energy cycle. |
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WASHINGTON --- It’s a great achievement that inspires concepts of robots with consciousness and independent minds.
When people or animals get hurt, they can usually compensate for minor injuries and keep limping along, but for robots, even slight damage can make them stumble and fall. However, a recently made robot has demonstrated a new ability: it can heal its own damage.
The new robot, which looks like a splay-legged (弓形腿的), four-footed starfish, can sense injury to itself and adapt. That ability sets the new robot apart from earlier machines. Because the robot can recover from unfamiliar places.
“There is a need for planetary robotic rovers (行星机器探测车) to be able to fix things on their own,” says Josh Bongard, a professor in the Univer sity of Vermont, who is one of the device’s creator. “Robots on other planets must be able to continue their mission without human help if they are damaged and cannot communicate their problem back to Earth.”
A typical robot functions according to a computer program, but the new robot works differently. First, sensors in its four legs observe the robot’s movements and signals to its built-in computer. From the information it collects, the robot creates its own programs that allow it to adapt to different situations. For example, when the researchers shortened one of the robot’s legs, the smart machine simply adjusted its way of walking—it used three legs instead of four.
The researchers are looking for other places to put the resilient robot to work. One spot is the ocean floor. That dark and dangerous undersea area might be a good choice for a robot that the scientists call the Starfish. “We never officially named the robot, but we usually refer to it as the Starfish, even though a real starfish has five rather than four legs,” says Bongard. “Also, a real starfish is much better than our robot at recovering from injury, because it can actually grow its legs again.” Scientists have created robots that help humans in many ways: by exploring space, fighting fires, and even performing s urgery.
小题1:The newly designed robot distinguishes itself from the former ones because it________.| A．can communicate with people on the earth about their problems | | B．works according to a certain computer program | | C．can find its problems and solve them automatically | | D．can explore unfamiliar places |
小题2:An example is given in the fourth paragraph in order to explain that the robot ________.| A．is used to create new programs | | B．has typical robot functions | | C．has sensors to observe its movements | | D．can gather information and adapt to new conditions |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE about the robot “Starfish”?| A．It was spoken highly of by people for its special ability. | | B．It will stumble and fall if damaged. | | C．It can grow its legs again once they are broken. | | D．It has started to work on the ocean floor. |
小题4:What might be the best title of the passage?| A．How the Starfish Robot Works | | B．Do-It-Yourself Robot Repair | | C．Robots Designed to Work on Other Planets | | D．New Robot Helping Us in Many Ways |
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Here is a true story about a famous man who worked in the White House and a criminal. They once faced the same thing: their mother gave them apples when they were young.
The criminal said: one day, my mother brought some apples and asked my brother and me: “Which do you want?” “The reddest and biggest one,” my little brother said. My mother stared at him and said to him angrily: “You should learn to give the good things to others; you shouldn’t always think of yourself.” Seeing this, I suddenly changed my idea and then said to my mother: “Mum, please give me the smaller one and give the bigger one to my little brother.” Hearing my words, my mother was very happy. She kissed me on my face and gave the reddest and biggest apple to me as a prize. From then on, I learned to tell lies, fight, steal and rob. In order to get what I wanted, I played hard. As a result, I was sent into prison.
The famous man from the White House said: One day, my mother brought some apples. She said to my brother and me: “You all want the reddest and biggest one, right? Well, let’s have a competition. Now I divided the grassland in front of the gate into two and I will give one to each of you and you must shear(修剪) it well. And I will give the reddest and biggest apple to him who does it the most quickly and best.”
After the competition, I won and I got the biggest apple. In our family, as long as you want to get the best things, you must take part in competition. I think it is fair. No matter what you want, you must pay lots of efforts.
小题1:The criminal got the reddest and biggest apple because .| A．he told the truth that he wanted a smaller one | | B．he knew how to make his mother happy from her answer | | C．elder brother should of course have the bigger one | | D．his mother loved him more than she loved the younger brother |
小题2:We can conclude from the passage that .| A．it’s wrong to ask children to choose apples when they are not old enough | | B．it’s important to make children aware that no matter what they want, they must pay work | | C．it’s wrong to ask children not to always think of themselves | | D．it’s always necessary to have a competition when we give children apple |
小题3:The writer tells the story by .| A．organizing it in the order of time | | B．making a comparison between two men | | C．providing some scientific information | | D．describing it in the order of space |
小题4:It is implied in the passage that .| A．we should always try to win competitions which can bring us a lot | | B．in order to get what we want, we should play hard | | C．a mother’s educational method has a great influence on a child’s growing | | D．giving children apples will lead them to become criminals |
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完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41─60各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Nowadays 41 children go to school 42 few of them have ever asked themselves 43 they go there. Some children think that they go to school just to learn their mother tongue, English and other foreign languages, history, science, 44 and a few other 45 . But why do they learn these things? Are these the only things they should learn at school?
Actually children go to school to 46 themselves for the time when they will be grown up and will have to 47 themselves. They learn their own language 48 they will be able to 49 with people in foreign countries, make friends with them and learn 50 about their culture and history. They learn mathematics in order to be able to measure the things around them and calculate sums. 51 helps them understand something about the world around them and history teaches them about the past and people. Nearly everything they study at school has some use 52 in their 53 , but there is one more 54 reason why children go to school.
It is more important to receive education than just learning 55 .We go to school 56 to learn how to learn. Learning is not just for school but for life. So even after we have left school, we have to continue to learn. A man who 57 knows how to learn will always be 58 because whenever he is faced with a completely new task or problem, he will teach himself how to deal with it in the best way. 59 , children do not go to school just to learn languages, mathematics, geography, etc. They go to school to 60 how to learn.
| 小题4: | | A．cooking | B．sowing | C．playing | D．geography |
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| 小题5: | | A．subjects | B．skills | C．languages | D．games |
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| 小题6: | | A．make | B．prepare | C．teach | D．study |
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| 小题7: | | A．teach | B．support | C．live | D．work |
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| 小题8: | | A．and | B．in order to | C．so as to | D．so that |
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| 小题9: | | A．communicate | B．work | C．talk | D．study |
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| 小题10: | | A．everything | B．anything | C．something | D．nothing |
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| 小题11: | | A．Foreign languages | B．Mathematics | C．History | D．Geography |
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| 小题12: | | A．practical | B．special | C．different | D．importance |
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| 小题13: | | A．work | B．lives | C．study | D．communication |
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| 小题14: | | A．difficult | B．unusual | C．important | D．kind |
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| 小题15: | | A．foreign languages | B．science | C．mathematics | D．facts |
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| 小题16: | | A．above all | B．at all | C．in all | D．for all |
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| 小题17: | | A．doesn’t | B．never | C．really | D．may |
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| 小题18: | | A．unsuccessful | B．calm | C．successful | D．useful |
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| 小题19: | | A．Although | B．But | C．However | D．Therefore |
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| 小题20: | | A．begin | B．work | C．live | D．learn |
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If you are planning to study in the United States, you need to consider several factors. Everyone has different opinions about where is the best place to live in. Also, the best places to live are not always home to the best schools. Finally, many schools specialize in different areas of study. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, for example, is a great school for computer science and technology-related fields of study. However, if you want to study oceanography（海洋学）, your interests may be better served by attending school in a place that is on a coastline or near the ocean.
Now I am sure that you know which schools are considered the best in the country. So I will tell you about which states I believe are the best to live in.
California is a nice state. Northern California specifically has very good weather. Los Angeles in Southern California is another story though. Life in Los Angeles is full of excitement and fast, and sometimes dangerous. As for me, I enjoy the time I spent in Massachusetts, Virginia and Maryland and these states have a lot of history and culture. The weather is not as perfect as California, but it is still quite nice. My favorite area of America is the Mid-west. Middle America, I think, is home to the true American sense of values. In addition, there are many good universities there.
Also, you need to think about your likes and dislikes and then research the various states. You like sunshine and hate snow? Then you probably won’t like the Midwest or even the Northeast. Open space, nature and peace and quiet? Then you probably should stay away from America’s large cities. Are you interested in government? Then Washington D.C. is the only place for you. Whatever you decide, put some thought into it. The place you live could be the difference between a great study-abroad experience and a state of great suffering on earth.
小题1:From the first paragraph we can conclude （得出结论）that in the USA _______. | A．all colleges and universities lie in big cities | | B．all colleges and universities lie in beautiful places | | C．famous colleges and universities lie in nice places | | D．famous colleges and universities may not lie in nice places |
小题2:What should be considered first if you want to study in the USA? | A．The climate. | B．The scenery. | C．The study condition. | D．The living condition. |
小题3:From the third paragraph we can find that _______. | A．California is the best place to live in | | B．California is the worst place to live in | | C．California is a state with different climates | | D．California is a small state in the USA |
小题4:If you study in Middle America, you can probably _______. | A．find the best universities | B．feel the real character of the nation | | C．meet the most famous professors there | D．face more difficulties |
小题5: From the last paragraph of this passage we can get to know that _______.| A．Washington is the largest city in the USA | | B．Washington is the political centre of the USA | | C．you can’t find sunshine in the Midwest | | D．you can’t find any universities out of big cities in the USA |
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