An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford U
题型：不详难度：来源：
We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon (氟里昂), which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.
Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.
His team has completed a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.
Einstein"s idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.
"If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when you"re at sea level and that"s because the pressure is much lower up there," said McCulloch.At one side is the evaporator (蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. "If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so," says McCulloch. "That"s what makes it cold."
The gas fridges based on Einstein"s design were replaced by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einstein"s design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.
However, McCulloch"s fridge is still in its early stages. "It"s very much a prototype," he said. "Give us another month and we"ll have it working."
小题1: According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _______.
| A．has been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficiently |
| B．is being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricity |
| C．has just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendly |
| D．will be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future |
| A．Freon was used in fridges long before the 1950s. |
| B．Freon is what makes current fridges big polluters. |
| C．McCulloch thinks he could improve Einstein"s design by using other types of vapors. |
| D．The fridge Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon. |
| A．changed the air pressure around it |
| B．was tested on the top of Mount Everest |
| C．increased the liquid boiling temperature |
| D．used only pressurized gases to keep things cold |
| A．serve as an explanation for the principle behind Einstein"s fridge |
| B．give you the reason why Einstein"s fridge was not efficient |
| C．tell you how to take advantage of low air pressure |
| D．show you how Einstein"s fridge works |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:A
解析
举一反三
Point 1 The telephone creates the need to communicate, in the same way that more roads create more traffic. My daughter comes home from school at 4:00 pm and then spends an hour on the phone talking to the very people she has been at school with all day. If the phone did not exist, would she have anything to talk about?
Point 2 The mobile phone means that we are never alone. “The mobile saved my life,” says Crystal Johnstone. She had an accident in her Volvo on the A45 between Otley and Skipton. Trapped inside, she managed to make the call that brought the ambulance(救护车) to her rescue.
Point 3 The mobile removes our secret. It allows marketing manager of Haba Deutsch, Carl Nicolaisen, to ring his sales staff all round the world at and time of day to ask where they are , where they are going, and how their last meeting went.
Point 4 The telephone separates us. Antonella Bramante in Rome says, “We worked in separate offices but I could see him through the window. It was easy to get his number. We were so near——but we didn’t meet for the first two weeks!”
Point 5 The telephone allows us to reach out beyond our own lives. Today we can talk to several complete strangers simultaneously ( 同时地) on chat lines (at least my daughter does. I wouldn’t know what to talk about). We can talk across the world. We can even talk to astronauts (if you know any) while they’re space-walking. And, with the phone line hooked up to the computer, we can access(存取) the Internet, the biggest library on Earth.
小题1:How do you understand ‘Point 1 —The telephone creates the need to communicate,…’？
| A．People don’t communicate without telephone. |
| B．People communicate because of the creating of the telephone. |
| C．People communicate more since telephone has been created. |
| D．People communicate more because of more traffic. |
| A．Mobile phones help people deal with the emergency. |
| B．Mobile phones bring convenience as well little secret to people. |
| C．Mobile phones are so important and should be encouraged. |
| D．Mobile phones are part of people’s life. |
a. Point 1. b. Point2. c. Point3. d. Point 4. e. Point 5.
| A．c, d | B．a, e | C．a, c | D．b, e |
| A．the TV screen | B．a fax machine |
| C．the phone line hooked up to the computer | D．a microphone |
| A．Phone Power | B．Kinds of Phone |
| C．How to Use Phones | D．Advantage of Phones |
being bought this holiday season. Jim Barry is a spokesman for the Consumer Electronics Association. He says the CEA study found that electronics represent three of the top five things on its "holiday gift wish list" this year.
JIM BARRY: "Notebook computers are at the top, followed by iPads and then e-readers. IPad is a touch-screen tablet computer and that"s really the big player in that category."
The computer company Apple began selling its small, touch-screen computers in April. People use the touch-screen computers to surf the Web, write e-mails, watch movies and read books. Since the iPad"s release earlier this year, several other companies have come out with their own tablet computers just in time for Christmas.
A report from the e-Marketer research group predicts that worldwide, tablet sales will reach more than eighty-one million in two thousand twelve. Still, Jim Barry says these devices are facing tough competition this year from another Christmas favorite.
JIM BARRY: "Another hot category right behind that are the e-readers. So you can read on an iPad or a touch-screen tablet, but the e-book readers are less expensive. The Kindle is the market leader there, from Amazon. But you also have the Nook from Barnes and Noble and the e-reader from Sony. And you have more and more of those e-readers coming into the market as well."
The Consumer Electronics Association report found that iPod music players are also in high demand this holiday season.
But not all of the things on the holiday gift wish list involved electronics. Clothes, cars and motorcycles also made the list. So did family togetherness and good health. And the one thing that people wanted most?
JIM BARRY: "At the top of the list was peace and happiness."
That is also our wish for you this holiday season.
小题1:The best title of the passage is .
| A．How to choose a suitable gift for Christmas |
| B．iPads, E-Readers, Notebook Computers top wish lists |
| C．What we should buy for our kids this holiday season |
D．How modern technology is changing the way people relate |
| A．surf the Web and write e-mails |
| B．watch movies and read books |
| C．surf the Web and contact others on phone |
| D．surf the internet and use it as an e-reader |
| A．iPads are the most popular gift among all the electronics. |
| B．Only the computer company Apple releases a touch-screen tablet computer. |
| C．All of the things on the holiday gift wish list are electronics. |
| D．There are more and more kinds of e-readers in the market. |
| A．notebook computers | B．iPod music players |
| C．touch-screen tablet computer | D．e-book readers |
| A．people value peace and happiness more than anything else |
| B．clothes, cars and motorcycles are also popular gifts for Christmas |
| C．family togetherness and good health don"t make the list |
| D．JIM BARRY also sends their wish for us this holiday season |
Clowns may go to school for a year. There they learn to move in funny ways. They learn to run and jump like different animals. They also learn how to fall down in a special way. They make sure they don’t get injured. They make every move look easy. But really it’s hard work.
In a school clowns decide how they will look. They make funny pants and tops. Then clowns have their funny long shoes made. They also learn to make up their faces. Clowns carefully put special paint on, so they look silly.
They start by making every part of their feces white. Then they use red paint around their mouths to make them look big. Clowns may paint re spots on each side of their faces, too. Big red noses are added. They put on funny hair or funny hats.
Now they look silly. They are ready to go to work! You can see clowns at the circus or parade. They do funny things to surprise people. Ten big clowns may get out of a very small car. Or they may walk on a high rope. Then they almost fall. The faces they make when they try to stand up again make people laugh.
小题1:The word “clown” in this passage refers to ____.
A．a person who tries to make people laugh by th is funny looks, clothes and tricks and actions |
| B．a person who copies others in speaking, actions and way of walking |
C．a person who gives performances only to make p eople laugh. |
| D．a person whose job is very easy to do. |
| A．Clowns learn to be funny at school to make people laugh |
| B．Clowns wear strange pants and tops and funny long shoes. |
| C．Clowns don’t feel frightened when they walk on a high rope. |
| D．Clowns put on funny hair and hats and make faces |
| A．a parade | B．the circus | C．school | D．both A and B |
| A．there are quite a number of clown schools in the world |
B．people laugh when they watch clowns play at the circus |
| C．clowns like animals very much so they jump like different animals |
D．clowns make people laugh b ut they seldom laugh |
Fly on non-stop routes
Most accidents occur during the takeoff, climb, descent and landing phases of a flight, so flying non-stop reduces your exposure to these complex procedures.
Choose larger aircraft
Although small aircraft have very good safety records, those with more than 30 passenger seats are designed to comply（遵守）with much stricter regulations and are tested more regularly to make sure they still comply. Also, in t he unlikely event of a serious accident, larger aircraft provide a better opportunity for passenger survival.
Pay attention to the pre-flight safety briefing
The information may seem repetitious（重复的）, but it"s worth listening to the flight attendants. And even if you’ve flown before, it doesn’t mean you know everything about the aircraft you"re on, such as the location of the closest emergency exit.
Store things safely
Never put very heavy articles in the overhead storage bins. They may fall out when someone opens the bin and cause injury. Also, the bin may not be able to hold heavier objects during turbulence（气流）.
Keep our seat belt fastened while you are seated
Cabin crew always tell you this, but it’s important. You would be seriously injured if the plane hits unexpected turbulence. Always fasten your seat belt if you are told to. The general rule of flying is this: If you are told to do something, do it first and ask questions later.
Let the flight attendant pour your hot drinks
Flight attendants are trained to handle hot drinks like coffee or tea in a crowded aisle on a moving aircraft, so allow them to pour the drink and hand it to you. Never ask to take a coffee pot from one of them.
小题1:Whom is the passage meant for?
| A．Pilots. | B．Flight attendants. | C．Passengers. | D．Airlines. |
| A．smaller planes | B．passengers | C．larger aircrafts | D．safety records |
| A．Many people don’t pay enough attention to fastening their seat belt. |
| B．All passengers are glad to accept the crew’s advice. |
| C．The crew are very responsible. |
| D．There is no need to remind people to fasten their seat belt. |
ch of the following is not true according to the passage?| A．Larger planes have more safety checks and are safer. |
| B．Take-offs are safer on non-stop flights than landings. |
| C．Every aircraft is different, so the safety procedures may be different. |
| D．Seat belts should be worn to protect against turbulence. |
| A．The safest way to travel | B．Air safety tips |
| C．Non-stop routes | D．How to fly a plane |
by 30 million people in the UK, about half the population. Joanna Shields, vice president of Facebook Europe, made the announcement this morning at a media conference in London.
She said: "We can announce today that we have reached 30 million in the UK, which we are really excited about."
Globally, Facebook has more than 500 million registered users, a milestone it hit last summer. Last July, it also revealed that it had 26 million registered UK users. In the last eight months, it has attracted four million extra UK users, bringing the UK total to 30 million, while in January 2009, Facebook had only 150 million registered users.
Last year, Zuckerberg, Facebook"s founder, said it was "almost a guarantee" that the site would hit one billion users. He explained: "If we succeed in innovating, there is a good chance of bringing this to a billion people...it will be interesting to see how it comes true."
One third of women aged 18 to 34 check Facebook when they first wake up, before even going to the toilet, according to research. Twenty-one per cent of women aged between 18 to 34 check Facebook in the middle of the night, while 42 per cent of the same group think it is fine to post drunken photos of themselves onto the social network, a study by Oxygen Media found.
Shields was speaking this morning at the Financial Times Digital Media and Broadcasting Conference about the power Facebook"s referrals can bring to media sites, such as newspapers and TV services.
She explained that the average Facebook user has 130 friends who they share links to media sites with on a regular basis. "Media companies which take advantage of that are really seeing the benefits", Shields said.
Shields refused to say whether Facebook would develop its own mobile phone operating system and also said it was "silly" that Google had recently disabled the feature (特点) which allowed Google users to sync their contacts with Faceboo
k friends.小题1:What is Joanna Shields content with?
| A．the announcement | B．media conference |
| C．fast growing registered users | D．the benefits of Facebook |
A．2 6 million | B．30 million |
| C．150 million | D．more than 500 million |
| A．negative | B．optimistic | C．cold | D．pessimistic |
| A．teenagers | B．middle-aged people |
| C．old people | D．young people |
| A．Facebook would develop its own mobile phone operating system |
| B．Google didn"t allow its users to sync their contacts with Facebook friends |
| C．Shields refused to admit the power Facebook"s referrals could bring |
| D．Google was always silly |
最新试题
- 一单色光在某种介质中的传播速度为1.5×108m/s，它在介质中的波长为300nm，这种光的频率为______Hz，在真
- 不等式组x＞-2x＞-3x＜0的解是（ ）A．-3＜x＜0B．-2＜x＜0C．x＞-2D．x＜0
- 下图为北半球某区域示意图。读图，回答1—2题。1、有关图中信息的描述，正确的是[ ]A．图中地层形成的先后顺序为
- 固体和液体都很难被压缩，这是因为（ ）A．分子间存在着斥力B．分子间没有间隙C．分子间存在着引力D．分子在不停地运动
- Only when the war was over_____ to go back to the village wh
- --- Do you want anything else for your birthday?--- Nothing
- Ⅰ．下列各组物质是按一定规律排列的，请将对应的排列依据填在括号内．（1）N2H4、N2O、NO、HNO2、N2O4、HN
- 已知函数，.（Ⅰ）已知，若，求的值；（Ⅱ）设，当时，求在上的最小值；（Ⅲ）求函数在区间上的最大值.
- 已知集合M={x|y=lgx}，N={x|y=}，则M∩N=（ ）。
- 读我国部分省级行政单位轮廓图。完成小题：小题1:我国共有34个省级行政单位，象③这样的省级行政单位共有：A．5个B．23
热门考点
- 甲船从A港出发顺流匀速驶向B港，行至某处，发现船上﹣救生圈不知何时落入水中，立刻原路返回，找到救生圈后，继续顺流驶向B港
- 雅典民主政治存在的明显缺陷表现在 ①享有民主的人不及雅典公民的一半 ②妇女和奴隶无民主权利 ③居住在雅典的外邦人无公民权
- Does the amount of rain_____the growth of crops?A．influenceB
- 有关温度、热量和内能的说法，正确的是（ ）A．0℃的冰没有内能B．沸腾的水继续吸热温度不变C．物体温度越低所含热量越多
- 如果两个相似三角形的面积比是1：2，那么它们的周长比是（ ）A．1：2B．1：4C．1：2D．2：1
- 若为锐角,且是方程的根,则 _____
- 下列生物全部为自养生物的是 [ ]A．水稻和蘑菇B．硝化细菌和小鼠C．白菜和硝化细菌D．牛和羊
- 仁政学说是孟子思想的核心，其仁政的表现不包括 （ ）A．重民思想B．民贵君轻C．发挥了孔子的民本思想D．
- 下列各句中，没有语病的一句是A．终身教育制度的建立，不仅为那些因各种原因未能完成学业的人打开了一扇大门，也为那些对知识有
- Nurses have to be sensitive _____ patients’ need and respons
© 2017-2019 超级试练试题库,All Rights Reserved.