Dolphins are the second brightest creatures after humans in the world - eve
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Dolphins are the second brightest creatures after humans in the world - even more clever than
chimpanzees(黑猩猩). Experts say it is now time for dolphins to be treated as "non-human persons"
after research showed their brains have many features connected with high intelligence. Just like us: A
bottlenose dolphin shakes hands. They believe it is cruel to keep such intelligent animals in amusement
parks, or to kill them for food or by accident when fishing. Some 300,000 whales and dolphins die in
this way every year.
A study carried out by Lori Marino, a zoologist at Emory University in Atlanta, scanned (扫描) the
brains of dolphin species and compared them to the brains of humans, monkeys and chimpanzees. She
said, "Many dolphin brains are larger than our own and second in whole only to the human brain when
corrected for body size."
Dolphins have long been known for their intelligence. However it had been believed that chimpanzees - who can achieve the intelligence levels of three-year-old children - were the brighter of the two.
New studies suggest that in fact dolphins - especially species such as the bottlenose - are more
intelligent. They have particular personalities, a strong sense of the self and can think about the future.
They are also “cultural” animals, with new types of behavior being picked up by one dolphin from another. In one piece of research, bottlenose dolphins were shown to be able to recognize themselves in a mirror
and use it to observe various parts of their bodies.
Dolphins" famous intelligence has also made its way into fiction. In Douglas Adams"s story, the
Hitchhiker"s Guide to the Galaxy, dolphins escape from Earth after humans fail to understand their
warnings that the planet is about to be destroyed. |
| 1. Why are dolphins considered as "non-human persons"? |
A. Because they are highly intelligent creatures.
B. Because they can shake hands like humans.
C. Because they can amuse humans in parks.
D. Because they are more lovely than chimpanzees. |
| 2. The brains of dolphins are smaller than those of . |
A. whales
B. monkeys
C. chimpanzees
D. humans |
3. According to the research, bottlenose dolphins can .
a. think about the future
b. learn from each other
c. recognize themselves in mirrorsd. help humans protect the earth better |
A. a, b, d
B. a, c, d
C. a, b, c
D. b, c, d |
| 4. What can we infer from the passage? |
A. People haven"t treated dolphins well enough.
B. Whales are just as intelligent as dolphins.
C. Monkeys have larger brains than chimpanzees.
D. Dolphins will develop more human behaviors. |
| 5. Douglas Adams let dolphins appear in the story to . |
A. draw people"s attention
B. show their intelligence
C. prove humans" intelligence
D. express their warnings |
答案
| 1-5: ADCAB |
举一反三
Many international students choose large schools. But a growing number of them are attending smaller ones.
Douglas Bennett, the president of Earlham College in Indiana, has written several articles aimed at
helping students choose a college that best fits their needs. He says one of the important things for the
international students to consider is the size of a school. He says Earlham College is small for a reason.
"We"re that small because we think we educate much more effectively and much more powerfully because we stay small. It stretches everyone more. It draws everyone into more different kinds of activities."
Of course, there are also good arguments for attending a larger school. Many big schools are widely
recognized. And in some cases that might lead to more job interviews than a degree from a lesser known
college. Larger schools also have more money, which can mean more resources for education and
research.
In addition to size, Douglas Bennett says there are other important things to consider. For example:
Which programs at the school are the strongest? Some schools have stronger programs in the sciences.
Others are stronger in the liberal arts. Also, what do the school’s top students go on to do after they
graduate? What kinds of activities are offered that might add to the educational experience? Are there
sports teams? What about a radio station or newspaper?
But Douglas Bennett says . "The most important choice you make is who you choose to be
yourself. If you"re prepared to bring your best self to the college, then it matters where you go to college. On the other hand, if you choose not to prepare to work very hard, it doesn"t matter where you go." |
1. What"s the best title of the passage? (within 8 words)
2. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
A graduate from a larger school may get a job more easily than one from a school of smaller size.
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (within 6 words)
4. Which kind of school will you choose if you are an international student, a large one or a smaller one? Why? (within 20 words)
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 into Chinese.
|
| 阅读理解。 |
Cancer researchers urged people on Wednesday to take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer,
saying studies showed a clear link. "Our suggestion is for people to increase their intake (吸入,摄入),
through diet or a vitamin supplement," Dr. Cedric Garland said in a telephone interview.
Garland"s research team reviewed 63 studies, including several large long-term ones, on the
relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004. "There"s
nothing that has this ability to prevent cancer," he said, urging governments and public health officials to
do more to fortify (增强) foods with vitamin D. Garland is member of a team at San Diego Moores
Cancer Hospital that published its findings this week online in the American Journal of Public Health.
Vitamin D is found in milk, as well as in some fortified orange juice, yogurt and cheeses, usually at
around 100 international units(IU)a serving. "People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to
raise their intake to 1000 units per day" Garland said, adding that it was well within the safety guidelines
established by the National Academy of Sciences.
The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern
areas, which receive less vitamin D from sunshine.
"African Americans, who don"t produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin color, could also
benefit significantly from a higher intake," the authors said. |
| 1. According to the passage, people are advised to take more Vitamin D, because ________. |
A. it is nutritious
B. it can"t harm people"s health
C. it can lower cancer risk
D. it is not taken enough every day |
| 2. Garland is probably ________. |
A. a health researcher
B. a doctor
C. a medicine scientist
D. a public health official |
| 3. Which of the following foods can lower people"s chance of getting cancer? |
A. Milk.
B. Fortified orange juice.
C. Fortified yogurt.
D. All of the above. |
| 4. ________ should take more Vitamin D according to the passage. |
A. Asian people
B. African people
C. American people
D. Oceanian people |
| 阅读理解。 |
Cell phones with cameras are really a popular way to capture a moment in time, but some "clever"
students found another use-capturing tests as a way to cheat.
The Magnolia Independent School District in Montgomery County has added camera phones to a
list of electronic devices (器具) students are banned from having at school.
School officials said the move was made as a preventative measure to stop potential (潜在的) test
cheaters, since students could use the phones to snap pictures of test questions. Another concern was
that students might take inappropriate (不合适的) pictures of classmates to later share or post on a
website. Cell phones without cameras are allowed on campus, but must be turned off. Camera cell
phones will be taken away from students if found on campus, and disciplinary action will be taken,
officials said.
Some students were unhappy to hear about the ban. "I"d be lost without my phone," said Kendall
Paul, a Magnolia High School student. "All my numbers are in it. I"ve never used it to cheat and I don"t
know anyone who has at our school, so I think it"s kind of stupid. " But other students said they saw it
all the time at their school.
"You would take a picture of the test and then send it to the next person taking the test," said Melissa
Sparks, a student.
"They would send the question and the answer, or just the number of the question and the answer. It"s
quicker that way," another student said.
Parents often provide their children with cell phones for use in emergencies(紧急情况)and to keep in
better touch with them. "My Mom wants me to have my phone with me all the time for emergency purpose. So, it goes with me wherever I go," Paul said. |
| 1. Which of the following can probably replace the words "banned from having" in the second paragraph? |
A. Forbidden to have.
B. Allowed to have.
C. Ordered to have.
D. Kept having. |
| 2. According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? |
A. Cell phones can"t be taken into the school.
B. Students" parents are in favor of the ban.
C. Students have different opinions about the ban.
D. Students can use cell phones without camera freely at school. |
| 3. What does the writer think of the ban? |
A. The writer thinks every coin has two sides.
B. The writer thinks that the ban is right.
C. The writer thinks schools shouldn"t invade (侵犯) students" rights.
D. The writer"s opinion is not mentioned in the passage. |
| 4. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refers to the fact that _________. |
A. some students cheat in exams
B. some students get lost without their camera cell phones
C. the School District"s ban is stupid
D. some students cheat in exams with camera cell phones |
|
| 阅读理解。 |
Recently educators have been questioning "prep school" (=preparatory school) (预科)
where barely literate (受过教育的) high school athletes get their transcripts (成绩单) by
taking courses occasionally and sometimes by taking no courses at all. The athletes then go
on to famous sports universities, where they exhaust their playing years before landing back
on the streets without job opportunity or college degrees.
The prep school scheme was meant to avoid academic qualification rules for college athletes
made years ago by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The N.C.A.A., which was
slow to recognize the seriousness of the problem, has finally adopted policies to root it out. But
those policies will not do the job unless everyone is involved, including prep schools and college
athletics departments that still recruit (招收) students who do not meet academic standard.
The prep school scheme sends a dangerous message to poor neighborhoods, where young
people too often ignore their studies, believing that they will magically become millionaires once
the world sees their athletic talents. Even worse, it encourages students to drop out of traditional
schools before graduation-at which point their grade-point averages would be written in stone-to
sign up with fake schools that can help them rewrite their academic records.
The N.C.A.A. has begun to check nontraditional schools for their academic programs and has
actually closed some. The organization has also stepped up to look into athletes" transcripts and
will pay special attention to athletes who attended several schools, showed sudden jumps in
grade-point average, transferred to another school late in the senior year or took an unbelievable
number of courses in one term.
These measures are encouraging as far as they go. But the N.C.A.A. will need to go much
deeper into the problem if it hopes to break this scheme. For starters, it needs to make clear
not just what courses high school athletes need to take to become qualified for college sports,
but when they should take them. Until that happens, those who recruit young athletes will always
be tempted(受诱惑的)to make fake academic record at the last possible moment for them. |
| 1. About students in "prep school", which of the following facts might NOT be true? |
A. Most of them are good at different kinds of sports events.
B. They can easily be admitted to a university by cheating.
C. After they graduate from university, they will usually find promising jobs.
D. They seldom have good academic performance at high school. |
| 2. From the passage we can infer that ____________________. |
A. High school students can change their transcripts by transferring to another school or take
a lot of courses in one term.
B. Transcripts of high school students can be very important reference for students to go to college.
C. Most High school athletes can probably be awarded a bachelor"s (学士) or master"s degree
after they graduate from universities.
D. Transcripts of high school students are so important that they are recorded on metal |
3. We can conclude from the passage that the problems of prep school scheme might result
from__________________. |
A. young people in poor neighborhoods who tend to ignore their studies
B. many prep schools that carry out poor academic programs for high school athletes
C. many college athletics departments that still recruit academically unqualified students
D. school athletes, poor management of prep schools and irresponsibility of related college
departments |
4. Having recognized the seriousness of the prep school scheme, the N.C.A.A. has taken all
the measures EXCEPT____________________. |
A. investigating and checking some prep school program
B. shutting down some unqualified prep school
C. listing compulsory courses and the number of course needed to be taken in high school
D. checking some problematic transcripts |
| 5. What might be the author"s attitude towards the prep school scheme? |
A. The writer thinks it a chance for high school athletes to go to college.
B. The writer thinks more practical measures are needed to break it.
C. The writer remains neutral (中立的) on this issue.
D. The writer believes poor children will have little chance to go to college if prep school
scheme is broken. |
| 阅读理解。 |
There are two methods by which hydrogen (氢) can be used to power cars. The first way is
to use hydrogen to drive the engine, in much the same way as many cars use gas. The second
method is to use the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen in a battery, making the car a kind of
electric one.
The dream of producing hydrogen in the car while driving along by electrolyzing (电解)water
is a long way off, so we are still at the period of batteries and filling the tank with hydrogen gas.
This is the difficulty for potential car users and producers. There are only sixteen hydrogen filling
stations in Los Angeles and none in 99% of other cities worldwide.
Indeed, some of the big name automobile producers have pulled out of the race to put the first
practical hydrogen car on the streets. Ford and GM have announced that they are pulling out in
America and so has Renault in France.
However, the Japanese companies are pressing on. In fact, Honda introduced its first hydrogen
fuel cell car in 1999. They are now producing second generation hydrogen car known as the
FCX Clarity. Guess where they are available for sale? In only one city because of its filling stations.
Honda thinks that they could go into full-scale production of the FCX Clarity by 2020 if the
world is prepared for them by then.
Then there are hydrogen-powered buses in several European cities including Amsterdam,
Barcelona, Hamburg, London, Luxembourg and Madrid. Lotus, the makers of London taxis,
have announced that they propose to manufacture hydrogen-powered taxis in time for the London
Olympics.
So, the hydrogen vehicle is out there and the numbers will be growing fairly soon. The buses
go back to their bus station, where an electrolyzing machine changes water into fuel for them to
fill up on and the same will be the case for many of London"s taxis.
Unfortunately, getting fuel is not the only difficulty for the average motorist, a number of these
vehicles cost about $300,000 each. |
| 1.According to the text, hydrogen-powered buses _____. |
A. can easily be filled up with gas.
B. are likely to sell well in the future.
C. are mainly used in the United States
D. won"t be used in the London Olympics |
| 2. What does the underlined word "them" in paragraph 5 refer to?_____. |
A. Japanese companies
B. Hydrogen buses
C. The FCX Clarity
D. Filling stations |
| 3. Where are hydrogen cars currently available for sale?_____. |
A. In Barcelona
B. In Hamburg
C. In London
D. In Los Angeles |
| 4. We can learn from the text that ______. |
A. there are sixty hydrogen filling stations all over the world
B. hydrogen vehicles fueled by water will be very expensive
C. Honda will mass-produce the FCX Clarity by 2012
D. Honda produced its first hydrogen car in 1989 |
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