阅读理解。 Question: My ninth-grade art teacher doesn"t give any grade above 94%
题型：期末题难度：来源：
always room for improvement." In previous years, I earned a 99% and a 100%. The 94% I received this
term does not reflect the hard work that I put into this course. Because of her "improvement" theory, I
got a lower grade than I deserve Is her grading philosophy morally correct?
Answer: Your teacher"s grading system may be unwise, but it is not morally wrong. A teacher deserves
wide latitude in selecting the method of grading that best promotes learning in her classroom; that is, after
all, the prime function of grades. It is she who has the training and experience to make this decision.
You can criticize her methodology. A 100 need not imply that there is no possibility of improvement,
only that a student successfully completed the course work A ninth grader could get a well-earned 100 in
English class but still has a way to go before he writes as well as Jane Austen. What"s more, grades are not
only an educational device but are also part of a screening system to help assign (分配) kids to their next
class or program. By capping her grades at 94 while most other teachers grade on a scale that tops out at
100, your teacher could risk making a student lose a chance of getting a scholarship or getting into a top
college.
What it is wrong to condemn her for is overlooking your hard work. Your hard work is worthy of
encouragement, but effort does not equal accomplishment. If scholars suddenly discovered that Rembrandt
had dashed off The Night Watch in an afternoon, it would still be The Night Watch.
I could spend months sweating over my own "paintings", but I"d produce something you wouldn"t want
to hang in your living room or your garage.
One feature of a good grading system is that those measured by it generally regard it as fair and reasonable-
not the case here. Strong feeling of anger is seldom an aid to education And so your next step should be to
discuss your concerns with your teacher or the principal.
B. worried
C. excited
D. delighted
B. knowledge
C. freedom
D. experience
B. The Night Watch was completed in half a day
C. everybody"s hard work should be encouraged
D. one is to blame for doing the work in a hurry
B. Confused.
C. Unconcerned.
D. Unfavorable.
答案
举一反三
The Child ego state is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings which are replayed from our own childhood.
Perhaps the boss calls us into his or her office, we may immediately get a churning in our stomach and
wonder what we have done wrong. If this were explored we might remember the time the head teacher called
us in to tell us off. Of course, not everything in the Child ego state is negative. We might go into someone"s
house and smell a lovely smell and remember our grandmother"s house when we were little, and all the same
warm feelings we had at six years of age may come flooding back.
The Child ego states are constantly being updated. For example, we may meet someone who gives us the
permission we needed as a child, and did not get, to be fun and joyous. We may well use that person in our
imagination when we are stressed to resist our old ways of thinking that we must work longer and longer hours
to keep up with everything. We might ask ourselves "I wonder what X would say now." Then on heating the
new permissions to relax and take some time out, do just that and then return to the work renewed and ready
for the challenge. Afterwards, rather than blaming ourselves for what we did or did not do, what tends to
happen is that we automatically start to give ourselves new permissions and take care of ourselves.
Alternatively, we might have had an extremely unpleasant experience yesterday which goes into the Child
ego state as an antique memory that stands in the way of our growth Positive experiences will also go into the
Child ego state as antique memories. The positive experiences can then be drawn on to remind us that positive
things do happen.
The process of analyzing personality in terms of ego states is called structural analysis. It is important to
remember that ego states do not have an existence of their own. They are concepts to enable understanding.
Therefore it is important to say "I want some fun" rather than "My Child wants some fun." We may be in our
Child ego state when we say this, but saying "I" reminds us to take responsibility for our actions.
B. explain why We become nervous
C. support the idea in Paragraph 1
D. introduce the point of Paragraph 3
B. avoid stress
C. keep up with everything
D. accept challenges
B. shows one"s wisdom
C. limits one"s thoughts
D. influences one"s actions
B. "My Child wants some fun"
C. the Child ego state
D. structural analysis
Personality is the way a person acts, feels and thinks.
Some people are aggressive and always in a hurry. They often become angry when things do not
happen the way they planned. They are called "Type A" personalities. Studies suggest that these people
often get stress-related disorders. The "Type B" personality is calmer. These people are able to deal with
all kinds of situations more easily. As a result, they are less affected by stress.
Studies have also shown that men and women deal with stress differently. Women seem to be better
able to deal with stress than men are. However, experts say women are three times more likely to develop
depression in reaction to the stress in their lives. American writer John Gray became famous for his book,
"Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus." He notes that men and women have Opposite ways of
dealing with stress. For a man, the best way is to rest and forget about daily problems. But a woman
suffering from stress needs to talk about her problems.
Experts say there are several ways to deal with stress, including deep breathing, exercise, eating healthy
foods, getting enough rest and balancing the time spent in working and playing. Exercise is one of the most
effective stress-reduction measures, as physical changes from exercise make you feel better. In addition,
exercise can also improve the body"s defense system against disease.
Keeping stress to yourself can make problems worse. Experts say that expressing emotions to friends
or family members or writing down your feelings can help reduce stress. And they also suggest that people
should attempt to accept or change stressful situations whenever possible.
B. people make the same response to stress
C. unlike women, men tend to feel depressed more easily
D. personality has nothing to do with how we experience stress
B. are less able to cope with different situations
C. are more easily affected by stress
D. tend to solve problems more peacefully
B. cope with stress in a different way
C. suffer from stress in the similar way
D. develop stress in the opposite way
B. keep it to yourself
C. remain silent
D. ignore the stressful situation
Fujitsu, a Japanese technology company, has created a system capable of simultaneously (同时地)
charging multiple portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras and laptop computers
without the need for cable connections.
Electric cars users may also eventually be able to charge their vehicles wirelessly using the same
technology, said the company, which developed a sample system at Osaka Prefecture University. Claiming
to be the world"s first of its kind, the technology works on the basis of the transmission of electricity using
magnetic fields between the charger and the electronic device.
The system enables wireless charging at distances of up to several meters. With the final aim of installing
public "charging spots" on the streets in order to enable easy charging around the clock, scientists at Fujitsu
Labs are planning to commercially sell products incorporating the new wireless charging system as early as
2012 but have not yet decided how much they would cost.
"This technology paves the way to integrating compact wireless charging functions into mobile phones
and enabling multiple portable devices to be charged simultaneously without any restrictions on their position
relating to the charger," the company said in a statement.
Mobile phone users in Japan can currently charge their batteries using the disposable portable plug-in
battery-operated device, available at most train stations and convenience stores. However, phone companies
warn long time use of it can damage the phones.
The company added, "We are also looking at applying the results of this work to fields other than portable
electronics, including power transmission between circuit boards (电路板) or computer chips, and providing
mobile charging systems for electric cars."
B. readers" feedback
C. a news report
D. a brief introduction
B. It enables you to charge your device very easily beside the clock
C. It is wireless and makes multiple charging at the same time
D. It can be bought at any formal supermarkets in the city
B. the system
C. the phone
D. the battery
B. power transmission between circuit boards
C. new wireless charging system developed
D. mobile phones damaged by charging
the US. Some students attend about 3 000 independent public schools called charter schools.
Charter schools are self-governing. Private companies operate some charter schools. They are similar in
some ways to traditional public schools. They receive tax money just as other public schools do. Charter
schools must prove to local or state governments that their students are learning. These governments provide
the schools with the agreement called a charter that permits them to operate.
Charter schools are different because they do not have to obey most laws governing traditional public
schools. Local, state or federal governments cannot tell them what to teach. Each school can choose its own
goals and decide the ways it wants to reach them. Class size is usually smaller than in traditional public schools.
The Bush Administration strongly supports charter schools as a way to re-organize public schools that are
failing to educate students. But some education agencies and unions oppose charter schools. One teachers"
union has just made public the results of the first national study comparing the progress of students in traditional
schools and charter schools.
The American Federation of Teachers criticized the government"s delay in releasing the results of the study,
which is called the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Union education experts say the study shows
that charter school students performed worse on math and reading tests than students in regular public schools.
Some experts say the study is not a fair look at charter schools because students in those schools have more
problems than students in traditional schools. Other education experts say the study results should make charter
school officials demand improved student progress.
B. prove its management ability
C. obey the local and state laws
D. get the government"s permission
B. their class size is smaller
C. they enjoy more freedom
D. they oppose traditional ways
B. Supportive.
C. Subjective.
D. Optimistic.
B. Charter schools are better than traditional schools.
C. Students in charter schools are well educated.
D. People have different opinions about charter schools.
B. one-on-one attention should be paid to students
C. the number of charter schools will be limited
D. charter schools are all privately financed
