What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple questi
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What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in biotechnology. With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and war. Today"s leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs. The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so on—in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
小题1:According to the passage, human death is now mainly caused by ________.| A．diseases and aging | B．accidents and war | | C．accidents and aging | D．heart disease and war |
小题2:In the author"s opinion, today"s most important advance in technology lies in ________.| A．medicine | B．the Internet | C．brain cells | D．human organ |
小题3:Humans may live longer in the future because ________.| A．heart disease will be far away from us | | B．human brains can decide the final death | | C．the basic materials of cells will last forever | | D．human organs can be repaired by new medicine |
小题4:How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?| A．Over 100 years. | B．More than 120 years. | | C．About 150 years. | D．The passage doesn"t tell us. |
小题5:We can learn from the passage that ________.| A．Cells aren’t the basic units of all living things any more | | B．humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now | | C．much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life | | D．we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：文章大意：本文主要讲述了人类的生命由于生物技术的发展可以无限期延长的愿望有可能成为现实。
小题1:A细节题。由文章第一段最后一句Today"s leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories.得知，今天主要的***手，如心脏病、癌症、年老将会成为遥远的记忆。
小题2:A 细节题。第二段前两句In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times.的意思是说“在讨论技术变化时，人们往往注意到的是网络。然而药学方面的变化可能是当今真正技术方面的大事件”，故选A。
小题3:D判断题。由第二段的后半部分可知，在2050~2100期间，每隔10年左右，人们可以通过吃药来修整生病的或衰老的器官，这应是未来长生不老的原因。
小题4:B概括题。阅读全文后得知，文章没有具体告诉我们人们将来能活多少年。
小题5:C 推理题。由最后一段得知，想像一下将来技术的发展改变了人类最基本的生存条件，真是让人兴奋，但想达到美好的将来还有很多技术问题要澄清。 |
举一反三
Dreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
In the study,99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a compute, trying to get through a virtual maze（迷宫）.The maze was different place each time they tired—making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.
For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants stayed awake and an half were told to take a short nap .Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dreams before sleep and after sleep—and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.
Stickgold, a neuroscientist（神经科学家）,wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren＇t moving during sleep.
Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working ; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.
Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn‘t help a person learn—it＇s the other way around.He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processes associated with learning.
All four of the people who dreamed about the task had done poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn＇t take a nap, didn＇t show the same improvement.
小题1:Before having a short nap, participants of the experiment were asked to .| A．stay in a different place in the maze | | B．design a virtual maze which is difficult to get through | | C．experience the experiment and try to remember something | | D．get through a virtual maze on a computer from the same place |
小题2:What can we learn from the text?| A．Participants who took a nap were required to express their thoughts. | | B．Some dreams may encourage people to invent something new. | | C．Participants who dreamed about films could finish the task more easily. | | D．Participants whose dreams had something to do with the maze could find the tree faster. |
小题3:According to Stickgold, .| A．every person may dream about what they learned | | B．people＇s brain processes may still be connected with their learning in their dreams | | C．once people＇s eyes stop moving, they are sure to dream about something | | D．no matter how fantastical or boring, dreams are connected with people＇s life |
小题4:What is the best title for this text?| A．Dreams Are Strange | B．Not All Dreams Are True | | C．Dreaming Makes Perfect | D．Stickgold, a Dream Expert |
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Farmers, especially in developing countries, are often criticized for cutting down forests. But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value of keeping trees.
Researchers using satellite images found at least ten percent tree cover on more than one billion hectares of farmland. That is almost half the farmland in the world. Earlier estimates were much lower but incomplete. The authors of the new study say it may still underestimate the true extent worldwide.
The study found the most tree cover in South America. Next comes Africa south of the Sahara, followed by Southeast Asia. North Africa and West Asia have the least.
The study found that climate conditions alone could not explain the amount of tree cover in different areas. Nor could the size of nearby populations, meaning people and trees can live together. There are areas with few trees but also few people, and areas with many trees and many people. The findings suggest that things like land rights, markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.
Dennis Garrity, who heads the World Agroforestry Center, says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees. The problem, he says, is that policy makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.
The satellite images may not show what the farmers are using the trees for, but trees provide nuts, fruit, wood and other products. They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies. Even under drought(干旱)conditions, trees can often provide food and a way to earn money until the next growing season.
Some trees act as natural fertilizers. They take nitrogen(氮气)out of the air and put it in the soil. Scientists at the Center say the use of fertilizer trees can re-duce the need for chemical nitrogen by up to three-fourths. Trees also capture carbon dioxide, a gas linked to climate change.
小题1:Through the study, the researchers found that .| A．there are more trees on farmlands than expected | | B．fewer trees are being cut in developing countries | | C．most farmers still don’t realize the value of trees | | D．trees play a key role in preventing climate change |
小题2:Which of the following has the least tree cover?| A．Southeast Asia | B．West Asia. | | C．South America. | D．Africa south of the Sahara. |
小题3:In Dennis Garrity’s opinion, .| A．most farmers care about nothing but their own interests | | B．there are usually few people living in areas with few trees | | C．government plays a small role in tree planting and protection | | D．government should support farmers in planting and protecting trees |
小题4:The sixth paragraph mainly tells about .| A．how farmers plant trees | | B．what products trees can bring | | C．the importance of trees to farmers | | D．the environmental value of tree cover |
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Want to travel as cheaply as possible while enjoying the great scenery as much as you like?
Backpacking is the way. As the most popular traveling choice among young western people, backpacking allows you to travel at your own free will. Carrying a tent, sleeping bag and clothes, backpackers also need to pack an attitude that will help them deal with many mental and physical challenges.
It is a thrill to put our ability to test and challenge ourselves with sorts of difficulties we might come across. So, backpacking is something young people can hardly deny.
Young people in Europe often travel around by train. Now, with plane tickets dropping in price, more are traveling to distant countries, such as Australia and China. And some just travel within their own countries.
But no matter where a backpacker travels, planning in advance is important if he or she wants to enjoy the trip.
Clothing
In summer, light, waterproof clothes are best. Backpackers must remember to travel lightly and not pack too many clothes.
Medicine
There are many medicines, especially for summer, such as those for sunstroke, snake bites and mosquitoes. Others are useful in every season, such as those for common colds, poisoning and diarrhea.
Cards
Three types of cards are of great value for backpacks: student Identity Card, personal ID and a credit card.
A student ID card can be helpful for saving money. It often gets train tickets and entrance tickets for cheaper prices in many Western countries.
Personal ID card can, not only get you out of trouble with local police, but also prove useful in all sorts of other situations.
Carrying a credit card can be a safe way of carrying money, as cash can easily get lost, stolen or wet.
And of course, don’t forget to enjoy your trip!
小题1:What does the underlined sentence mean?| A．Backpackers also need to be in high spirits when they want to travel. | | B．Backpackers may also face dangerous situations. | | C．Backpackers also need to talk with doctors about their traveling. | | D．Backpackers need to make preparation for many kinds of difficulty in advance. |
小题2:What does the underlined word “waterproof” mean?| A．Easy to wash. | B．Not letting water go through. | C．Washed without water. | D．Used in water. |
小题3:If you are stopped by a policeman in the street, you should show ______ to the police.| A．your student ID | B．your credit card | C．your personal ID | D．your passport |
小题4:What is of most advantage to backpackers?| A．They can travel very easily. | | B．They won’t worry about where to live. | | C．They can have the chance to take some adventures. | | D．They can take some physical exercise. |
小题5:What is the author’s purpose to write this passage?| A．To give some ideas about traveling. | | B．To encourage the young to travel. | | C．To tell people how to avoid something unpleasant. | | D．To offer some useful advice for traveling. |
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Going green is something that affects every single one of us. Whether by recycling those plastic water bottles, or by cutting down on electricity in your home, the importance of going green on a personal level is extremely important. But, when you’re a millionaire NBA basketball star, how do you help out the environment?
Yao Ming is a basketball player that plays for the Houston Rockets and has spoken out against hunting of sharks for fins, a delicious food in his native China. He is also the United Nations’ Environmental champion. His goal is to raise awareness of climate change and energy-saving. “I will work with young people across the world and try to inspire them to plant trees, harvest rainwater and to become environmental champions in their own communities.”
The Philadelphia Eagles, a professional American football team, are really doing their part to give back to the community. The Eagles Go Green page has a “Green Energy Calculator” and according to the web site fans have saved $ 73,674.90 a year and saved 666,320 pounds of CO2 per year. Also, the Eagles have set up a “Stop global warming virtual march（虚拟游行）on Washington”, a march across America for one year, through the Internet with a goal to bring fans together and to urge leaders to deal with the serious problem of global warming now.
Bob Burnquist, a Brazilian skateboarder, is a member of Action Sports Environmental Coalition and founder of a program that gets organic foods and farming into schools for healthy lunch programs. Bob also has a huge homegrown organic farm where he hosted a gathering in celebration of Earth Day.
Kelly Slater is a surfer and eight-time champion, but he also supports saving the coral reefs world wide. He has founded the Kelly Slater Invitational Competition which raises funds and awareness for Reef Check, which is able to get its message out to a large group of guests including professional surfers, film and music stars, and other famous people.
小题1:According to the passage, Yao Ming wants to ________.| A．help the Houston Rockets win the NBA championship | | B．ask the United Nations to protect sharks in China | | C．encourage young people to care about the environment | | D．train more young people to become players of NBA |
小题2:What have the Philadelphia Eagles done to help out the environment?| A．They have called on fans to do things to reduce global warming. | | B．They have marched on Washington to bring fans together. | | C．They have saved $ 73,674.90 for solving global warming. | | D．They have reduced CO2 emission by 666,320 pounds per year. |
小题3:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the last two paragraphs?| A．Bob Burnquist created Earth Day. | | B．Bob Burnquist eats only organic foods. | | C．Kelly Slater donated a lot of money. | | D．Kelly Slater held a competition. |
小题4:The best title for the passage would probably be _________.| A．Highly Competitive Athletes | | B．Environment-friendly Athletes | | C．World-famous Athletes | | D．Millionaire Athletes |
小题5:What can we learn from the passage?| A．Only famous people need to care about environmental problems. | | B．America is the country that takes best care of environment. | | C．Environmental problems have a common effect on everyone of us. | | D．Yao Ming’s goals to raise people’s awareness of environment are mainly about climate change and air pollution. |
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Among the four skills in learning English，which one of these is the “odd-man-out”? The answer is speaking．The other three you can do alone on your own．But you can’t really speak alone! Speaking to yourself can be “dangerous” because men in white coats may come and take you away!
Where can you find people to speak English? And how can you practise speaking when you are alone?
At school If you pay to go to a language school, you should use the opportunity to speak．If your teacher asks you to speak in pairs or groups with other students, try to say as much as possible．Don’t worry about your mistakes．Just speak!
Conversation Clubs Many cities around the world have conversation clubs where people can exchange one language for another．Look in your local newspaper to find a conversation club near you．They are usually free although some may charge a small entrance fee．
Shopping Even if you don’t want to buy anything，you can ask questions about products that interest you in a shop．“How much does this cost?” ‘‘Can I pay by cheque?” Often you can start a real conversation-and it costs you nothing!
Café and Bars There are often American，Britain，Irish and Australlan bars in many large cities．If you can find one，you’ll probably meet many people speaking English as a first or second language．
Language ia all aroundyou Everywhere you go，you find language．Shop names，street names，advertisements，notices，and car numbers—When you walk down the street，practise reading the words and numbers that you see．Say them to yourself. It’s not exactly a conversation, but it will help you to“think” in English．But don’t speak too loud!
Songs and Video Repeat the words of an English—language song singing with the music until it becomes automatic．It’s good practice for your memory and for the mouth muscles that you need for English．
Above all, speak as much as possible! Make as many mistakes as possible! When you know that you have made a mistake，you know that you have made progress!
小题1:What does “odd-man-out” probably mean according to the passage?| A．Someone or something appearing different from the others． | | B．Someone or something standing out of the group． | | C．Someone or something arranged in pairs． | | D．Someone or something that can be easily mistaken for another． |
小题2:What might happen if you speak to yourself loudly in public?| A．The police will take you away and punish you． | | B．The doctors will force you to stay in hospital． | | C．You will have to pay to escape being punished． | | D．You will be forbidden to be member of the club． |
小题3:In which places can you learn English NOT free of charge?| A．At school, in conversation clubs and café and bars． | | B．At school, in shops and café bars． | | C．In conversation clubs，shops，songs and video． | | D．In conversation clubs and in the streets． |
小题4:Why does the writer say “Make as many mistakes as possible”? Because ．| A．everyone will make mistakes in learning English | | B．everyone will meet people speaking English with some mistakes | | C．making mistakes is a must in making progress in learning English | | D．making mistakes can make one realize the importance of speaking |
小题5:According to the passage，which way is NOT likely to be accepted by English beginners?| A．Recite poems loudly along the riverside． | | B．Listen to some English fashion songs and video． | | C．Find an Englishman to speak English with． | | D．In class, try to practise in groups or pairs． |
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