A new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the world. Weboholism ,
题型：不详难度：来源：
A new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the world. Weboholism ,a twentieth century disease, affects people from different ages. They surf the net, use email and speak in chat rooms. They spend many hours on the computer, and it becomes a compulsive habit. They cannotstop, and it affects their lives.
Ten years ago, no one thought that using computers could become compulsive behavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer users. This obsessional behavior has affected teenagers and college students. They are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websites.
They become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life is affected by this situation.They spend all free time surfing and don"t concentrate on homework,so this addiction influences their grades and success at school. Because they can find everything on the websites, they hang out there. Moreover, this addiction to websites influences their social life. They spend more time in front of computers than with their friends.The relation with their friends changes.The virtual life becomes more important than their real life.They have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in society.
Because of the change in their behavior, they begin to isolate themselves from the society and live with their virtual friends. They share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their life. Although they feel confident on the computer, they are not confident with real live friends they have known all their life. It is a problem for the future. This addictive behavior is beginning to affect all the world.
小题1:The main idea of the passage is about ____________．| A．the cause of weboholism | B．the advantage of weboholism | | C．the popularity of weboholism | D．the influence of weboholism |
小题2:The underlined word “obsessional” in the second paragraph most probably means _______．| A．attractive | B．addictive | C．professional | D．potential |
小题3:We can infer from the passage that __________．| A．weboholism has the greatest effect on teenagers | | B．students can hardly balance real and virtual life | | C．people are addicted to games on the Internet | | D．virtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true of weboholism?| A．It contributes to the development of the web． | | B．The chat room language may change social culture． | | C．The problem will be getting more and more serious later． | | D．People addicted to the web often become inactive in real life． |
小题5:The author"s attitude towards weboholism is that of being________.| A．optimistic | B．positive | C．negative | D．acceptable |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:A
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：本文讲述了现代生活里网络对人的影响已经到了很大的程度，很多年轻人沉溺与网络，不能在现实生活和虚拟网络中得到平衡，而且这个问题会更严重。
小题1:主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知在现代生活里网络对人的影响已经到了很大的程度了，接下来的几段都做了详细的说明，故D项正确。
小题2:猜词题。根据文章第一段内容可知，尤其是They spend many hours on the computer, and it becomes a compulsive habit.说明现在的年轻人在网络上所花的时间非常多，而且沉迷于其中，故该词是指上瘾的，故B项正确。
小题3:推断题。根据第三段后三行this addiction influences their grades and success at schools. Because they can find everything on the websites, they hang out there. Moreover, this addiction to websites influences their social life.说明网络已经大大影响了年轻人的社交生活，影响了他们的学习和生活，也就是说年轻人的学习和生活没有得到平衡，故B项正确。
小题4:细节题。根据文章2,3，4三段内容可知聊天的语言也许已经影响了社交的文化，这个问题会变得越来越严重，沉浸于网络的人在现实生活中可能不积极，只有A项说它能导致网络的发展，不够准确。故A项符合要求。
小题5:态度意图题。通篇文章都是在说明网络的劣势，说明网络对年轻人的负面影响，可以体现出作者对Weboholism持有反对的态度。故C正确。 |
举一反三
Every time you go to the supermarket you come away with your purchases packed in plastic bags. But wouldn’t it be kinder to the environment if you asked for paper bags instead?
The answer is not as easy as it might seem. Environmentalists say there are drawbacks to using both plastic bags and paper bags.
80 percent of groceries in the US are packed in plastic bags and the numbers are becoming huge. Consumers use between 500 billion and 1 trillion plastic bags per year worldwide.
Some experts believe that all these bags harm the environment. Plastic takes hundreds of years to break down and, as it does so, poisonous materials are released into the water and soil.
Further damage is caused if plastic bags enter the sea. For example, endangered sea turtles cannot tell the bags from jellyfish, their main source of food, and often choke on them.
However, this kind of bag does have its advantages.
Paper bags use more energy and create more waste than plastic bags. Plastic bags require 40 percent less energy to produce and cause 70 percent less air pollution. They also release as much as 94 percent less waste into the water than paper ones do.
But paper bags do break down more quickly than plastic bags. They don’t endanger wildlife, either.
So what should we do? One possible solution would be to use biodegradable plastic bags. “Biodegradable” means that the bags break down naturally just like a piece of banana peel when it is left outside.
But until biodegradable technology improves, it might be easier to pack things you buy in reusable cloth bags.
小题1:Compared to paper bags, plastic bags ______.| A．produce 6 percent more waste | | B．can be made biodegradable more easily | | C．can be used as a source of food | | D．save 40 percent of the energy |
小题2:By saying “The answer is not as easy as it might seem,” (in paragraph 2) the writer means _____.
A. biodegradable plastic bags can compete with paper
B. paper bags seem to be kind to environment
C. it’s difficult to say whether plastic or paper bags are better for the environment
小题3:What does the author suggest people use at the present time?| A．Paper bags | B．Plastic bags | | C．Biodegradable plastic bags. | D．Cloth bags. |
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The scientists observed that the more junk food the rats ate, the more they wanted to eat – a behavior very similar to that of rats addicted(上了瘾的) to heroin, a dangerous drug. Johnson said the experiment shows that the brain chemistry of obesity(肥胖) and drug addiction may be quite similar.
In their experiment, Johnson and his team studied the “pleasure center” of rats’ brains. The pleasure center is a complicated network of nerve cells. If the animal exercises or eats, the cells reward the animal by releasing chemicals into the body that make it feel good. And when the body feels good, the animal – or person – will want to do the behavior again.
For the experiment, Johnson fed foods like cheesecake to one group of rats. Food like this is high in calories and fat. Another group of rats got a regular diet. The rats that ate junk food started to eat more and more.
“They’re taking in twice the amount of calories as the control rats,” says Paul Kenny, one of Johnson’s colleagues.
Kenny and Johnson wanted to know what was going on in the brains of these rats. They first designed a way to deliver a small electrical charge to the rats’ brains. This electrical charge would stimulate the pleasure centers to release pleasure-causing chemicals. The rats could control how much stimulation – and how much pleasure – they received by running on a wheel. The more the rat ran, the more pleasure it received.
The rats that had been eating junk food started running more and more. This behavior suggested that the junk-food-eating rats needed more brain stimulation to feel good compared with rats on a normal diet. In other words, their pleasure centers were becoming less sensitive and the junk food didn’t make them feel good unless they ate more and more.
Experiments like this one could help scientists understand how chemicals in the brain contribute to obesity. With that information, they may be able to help people avoid obesity in the first place.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
小题1: The scientists suggested it was actually ___________________ that made the rats feel good.
小题2: How did the scientist know what was happening in the brains of the junk-food-eating rats?
小题3:What was the purpose of the experiment mentioned in the article? |
Astronomers have captured(捕获) the first direct image of a planet being born.
Adam Kraus, of the University of Hawaii’s Institute for Astronomy, said the planet is being formed out of dust and gas circling a 2-million-yea-old star about 450 light years from Earth.
The planet itself, based on scientific models of how planets form, is believed to have started taking shape about 50,000 to 100,000 years ago.
Called LkCa 15b, it’s the youngest planet ever observed. The previous record holder was about five times older.
Kraus and his colleague, Michael Ireland from Macquarie University and the Australian Astronomical Observatory, used Keck telescopes on Mauna Kea(a volcano on the island of Hawaii, US) to find the planet. Kraus presented the discovery Wednesday at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland.
Observing planets while they’re forming can help scientists answer questions like weather planets form early in the life of a star or later, and whether they form relatively close to stars or father away.
Planets can change orbits(轨道) after forming, so it’s difficult to answer such questions by studying older planets.
“These very basic questions of when and where are best answered when you can actually see the planet forming, as the process is happening right now,” Kraus said.
Scientists hadn’t been able to see such young planets before because the stars they’re circling around outshine(光亮强过) them. Kraus and Ireland used two techniques to overcome this problem.
One method, which is also used by other astronomers, was to change the shape of the telescope mirrors to remove light distortion(扭曲) created by the Earth’s atmosphere. The other method they used, which was unique, was to put masks with several holes over most of the telescope mirrors. The combination of these techniques allowed the astronomers to obtain high-quality images that let them see the planet next to the bright star.
The star LkCa 15—the planet is named after its star—was the team’s second target. They immediately knew they were seeing something new, so they plan to gather more data on the star.
小题1:The research on younger planets helps scientists _____________.| A．study why planets change orbits after forming | | B．understand how planets move around their stars | | C．answer questions about the age of stars and planets | | D．know the relationship between planets and their stars |
小题2:Why are young planets like LkCa 15b hard to discover?| A．Their stars are brighter than them.. | B．They are very far from the earth. | | C．They are generally too small. | D．They rarely form. |
小题3:According to the text, Kraus and Ireland _____________. | A．have been working in the same university | | B．observed the planet on a volcano in Hawaii | | C．used two new methods in the observation | | D．cut holes in the mirrors when observing |
小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for the text?| A．Youngest planet seen as it’s forming. | | B．Planet 450 light years away discovered. | | C．World’s first direct image of a planet taken. | | D．New technique helps discover young planets. |
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Koala bears as pets might be appealing to many of us. However, there are quite a few points to consider even before thinking of adopting one.
Koala bears are one of the most lovely Australian animals. In certain cases where the koala has been raised by hand, they have turned out to be quite affectionate pets. These people tied a piece of fur to a pillow and placed it beside a joey (a baby kola) as a substitute (替代物) for the mother koala. This trick seemed to work well with the baby koala. However, it is a known fact that human handling causes stress to koalas. In my personal opinion, this aspect clouds the fact that koala bears can be tamed (驯服).
In Australia the koala is a priority animal as far as conservation status assessment is concerned. It was hunted to near extinction (灭绝) for its fur. In fact the koala had been wiped out from South Australia in the 1920s. However, rehabilitation efforts have brought the animal back in the state. As for the Australia government, the koala is not a threatened animal, but the US government does list the koala as one.
Although they may live in 40 to 60 kinds of eucalyptus trees, they prefer only 10 to 14 specific kinds. Koalas sleep for most part of the day, which is about 16 to 18 hours, and for most of their waking hours all they do is eat. Koala bears eat the leaves of eucalyptus trees. A full-grown koala can eat almost 2 to 3 pounds of leaves in a day. Despite their slow movements and sweet look, koala bears can be vicious when hungry. Other than this, there are the stress caused to koalas due to human handling and the fights that start in koalas.
Almost everyone finds koalas lovely in the zoo. However, as far as having koala bears as pets is concerned, there are legal issues to consider. Other than that, being able to provide for its diet and habitat is another point that needs some attention before any law legalizing their adoption as pets is passed.
小题1:What’s the author’s attitude towards people raising the koala?| A．Optimistic. | B．Grateful. | C．Cautious. | D．Enthusiastic. |
小题2:Why did Australians hunt the koala?| A．To get its fur. | B．To eat its meat. | C．To wipe it out. | D．To have it for fun. |
小题3:The underlined word “vicious” in Paragraph 4 probably means __________.| A．fierce and dangerous | B．patient and friendly | | C．afraid and defensive | D．lovely and interesting |
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that __________.| A．koala bears tend to live in groups | | B．koala bear care can be very demanding | | C．koala bears are not particular about their food | | D．koala bears are the No. 1 threatened animal in the US |
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When times get tough, we all look for ways to cut back. When we’re hungry, we eat at home instead of going out. We take buses instead of taxis. And we wear our old designer jeans just a few months longer. With college expenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.
One cost-cutting proposal is to allow college students to get a bachelor’s degree in three years instead of four. Educational institutions have been actively exploring ways to make the learning process more efficient. But there’s a question: Would the quality of undergraduate(本科生)education suffer? Few US universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model.
I doubt that mainstream North American colleges will carry out a three-year curriculum(课程) any time soon. For one thing, most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits(学分). In addition, at famous universities, the committee who determine which courses are required and which courses are electives are unlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the required credits. Professors will resist “diluting(稀释)” the quality of the education they offer.
In my opinion, a quality four-year education is always superior to a quality three-year education. A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major. It is not a good idea to water down education, any more than it’s not a good idea to water down medicine. If we want to help students find their way through university, we should help them understand early on what knowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation. We should allow students to test out of as many courses as possible. We should give them a chance to earn money as interns(实习生)in meaningful part-time jobs that relate to their university studies, such as the five-year co-op program at Northeastern University.
小题1:The first paragraph serves as a(n)________．| A．explanation | B．definition | C．introduction | D．comment |
小题2:We can learn from the passage that ________.| A．most American universities are against the “three-year degree” model | | B．many famous US universities are considering adopting the “three-year degree” model | | C．professors are willing to accept the “three-year degree” model | | D．the “three-year degree” model can make college learning more efficient |
小题3:In most US universities，________.| A．college students are offered the co-op program | | B．electives’ credits make up one quarter of the required credits | | C．all students are required to finish four-year education before graduation | | D．some excellent students can graduate ahead of time |
小题4:We can infer that________.| A．the author is a college professor | | B．the author thinks the cost of a university education is too high for people to afford | | C．the author considers the university education quality very important | | D．the author pays special attention to the all-round development of college students |
小题5:Which of the following can be the best title?| A．It’s time to shorten the learning process | | B．Best learning takes place over time | | C．University education should be watered down | | D．College education calls for reform |
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