In general, people talk about two groups of colours warm colours and cool colour
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In general, people talk about two groups of colours warm colours and cool colours. Researchers in psychology think that there are also two groups of people people who prefer warm colours and people who prefer cool colours.
The warm colours are red, orange and yellow. Where there are warm colours and a lot of light, people usually want to be active. People think that red, for example, is exciting. Sociable people, those who like to be with others, like red. The cool colours are green, blue and violet. These colours, unlike warm colours , are relaxing. Where there are cool colours, people are usually quiet. People who like to spend time alone often prefer blue.
Red may be exciting, but one researcher says that time seems to pass more slowly in a room with warm colours than in a room with cool colours. He suggests that a warm colour, such as red or orange is a good colour for a living room or restaurant. People who are relaxing or eating do not want time to pass quickly. Cool colours are better for offices or factories if the people who are working there want time to pass quickly.
Researchers do not know why people think some colours are warm and other colours are cool. However, almost everyone agrees that red, orange, and yellow are warm and that green, blue and violet are cool. Perhaps warm colours remind people of warm days and the cool colours remind them of cool days. Because in the north the sun is higher during summer, the hot summer sunlight appears yellow.
小题1:Which of the following colours belong to cool colours?| A．Yellow, green. | B．Blue, violet. | | C．Black, blue. | D．Brown, white. |
小题2:Which of the following statements is not true?| A．Sociable people like warm colours. | | B．Warm colours can make people excited. | | C．People who like to be with others don’t like red. | | D．Where there are warm colours, people want to be active. |
小题3:Which is the right colour for different rooms?| A．Red or orange for offices. | | B．Orange for dining-rooms. | | C．Blue for bedrooms. | | D．Red for studies. |
小题4:What is the main idea of the last paragraph?| A．It shows the reason why people think some colours are warm and others are cool. | | B．Warm colours remind people of warm days. | | C．Cool colours remind people of cool days. | | D．People have an agreeable opinion of warm colours and cool colours. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:A |
解析
试题分析：本文属于科普说明文，讲述的是暖色调和冷色调的话题，同时还仔细描述了这两种不同的颜色的具体使用以及为什么人民会认为有些颜色是暖色，有些颜色是冷色。
小题1:B 细节题。根据文章第二段第3行The cool colours are green, blue and violet.可知B项的两种颜色属于cool color。故B正确。
小题2:C 推理题。根据文章第二段People think that red, for example, is exciting. Sociable people, those who like to be with others, like red.可知喜欢红色的人通常都喜欢喝别人待在一起。故C项的说法是错误的。
小题3:B 细节题。根据文章第三段2,3行He suggests that a warm colour, such as red or orange is a good colour for a living room or restaurant. People who are relaxing or eating do not want time to pass quickly.可知orange适合于使用在餐厅这样的地方。故B正确。
小题4:A 段落大意题。根据本段第一句Researchers do not know why people think some colours are warm and other colours are cool.可知本段讨论的是人民为什么会认为某些颜色是暖色，某些颜色是冷色。故A正确。 |
举一反三
Life is to be enjoyed. There’s no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back that’s even better. When people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living. The latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right:
YOUR BRAIN receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think more clearly, have more energy, and need less sleep. Two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons (神经细胞) to grow that it actually increased the size of people’s brains!
YOUR FACE receives more blood flow, so your skin glows more and wrinkles less. You look younger and more attractive. In contrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly. Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries (动脉) to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier. This is why smokers look years older than they really are.
YOUR GENES change. In May, a study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes.
YOUR TELOMERES (染色体端粒) get longer. Telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live. As telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening your life.
Besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers’ awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives. The researchers gave the women a questionnaire and asked them to rate on a three-point scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them. The women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed. On the contrary, some of the women who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normal-appearing telomeres.
In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine.
小题1:Which of the following are good for lengthening one’s life, according to the passage?
① eat healthy food ② drink plenty of water ③ take exercise ④ get up early
⑤ go to sleep early ⑥ release one’s stress 小题2:The underlined words “your skin glows” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to _________.| A．your skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshine | | B．your skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in it | | C．your skin looks pink as you are healthy | | D．your skin becomes soft as you exercise enough |
小题3:In the author’s opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes EXCEPT _________.| A．brains becoming cleverer | B．faces having fewer wrinkles | | C．arteries turning narrower | D．genes being changed |
小题4:From the last but one paragraph we learn that _________.| A．mothers will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled child | | B．mothers don’t know how to handle stress effectively | | C．some women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating children | | D．mothers’ positive attitudes are the key to managing their stress |
小题5:The best title for the passage would be _________. | A．Eat better, live better | B．Feel better, live longer | | C．Less stress, fewer diseases | D．Smoke more, age sooner |
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As a result of pollution, Lake Erie, on the borders of the USA and Canada, is now without many living things.
Pollution in water is not simply a matter of “poisons” killing large numbers of fish overnight. Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms (生物体) to be affected are either plants or plankton (浮游生物). These organisms are the food of fish, birds, and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it is not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river’s edge or on the sea shore that people realize what is happening.
Where do the substances which pollute water come from? There are two main sources, sewage(污水) and industrial waste. As more detergent (洗涤剂)is used in homes, more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water birds by breaking down the natural substances which keep their feathers waterproof. Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful since there are many highly poisonous materials in it, such as copper and lead.
So if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple. Sewage and industrial waste must be made clean before flowing into the water reservoirs. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.
小题1:Pollution in water is noticed ________.| A．when the first organisms are affected | | B．when many fish and birds die | | C．when poisons are poured into water | | D．As soon as the balance of nature is destroyed |
小题2:Living things die in a lake or river because there is no ________. | A．water | B．fish | C．Poison | D．oxygen |
小题3:The underlined word “waterproof” in the third paragraph means “ ”. | A．full of water | B．not allowing water to go through | | C．covered with water | D．cleaned by water |
小题4:Which of the following things is /are harmful according to the passage？| A．Industrial waste and chemicals | B．Water in the river | | C．Coal and wood | D．plastic |
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Scientists say they now have proof to support the old-fashioned advice that it"s best to sleep on a problem. They say sleep strengthens the memory and helps the brain organize the masses of information we receive each day.
Lead researcher Bob Stickgold at the Harvard Medical School said, "Sleep helps us draw rules from our experiences. It"s like knowing the difference between dogs and cats even if it"s hard to explain."
The US research team studied how well students remembered connections between words and symbols (象征) , reports New Scientist. They compared how the students performed if they had had a sleep between seeing the words and having the test, and if they had not slept. They found that people were better able to remember lists of related words after a night"s sleep than after the same time spent awake during the day. They also found it easier to remember themes (主题) that the words had in common. But they forgot around one in four more themes if they had been awake. Prof. John Groeger, of Surrey University"s Sleep Research Centre, said, "People have been trying for years to find out what the purpose of sleep is, as we know that only certain parts of it have a restorative (有助恢复的) value. " "We form and store huge numbers of experiences in the head every day, and sleep seems to be the way the brain deals with it all."
小题1:The phrase" to sleep on a problem" in Paragraph 1 most likely means to______.| A．pay full attention to a problem | B．wait until later for a decision | | C．sleep to forget a problem | D．have difficulty sleeping |
小题2:In the study by the US research team, students were asked to______.| A．put together words of similar meanings | | B．remember words and their meanings | | C．show their knowledge of words | | D．make up lists of related words |
小题3:Which of the following may be easier to remember?| A．Themes learned right before the test | | B．Rules from personal experience | | C．Words learnt before a good sleep | | D．Ideas stored together in the brain |
小题4:What may be the importance of the research?| A．It shows sleep may help us manage information | | B．It helps find out the common themes of word | | C．It tells us that more sleep can improve health | | D．It proves the value of old-fashioned advice |
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Dan Bebber is a senior research fellow at the University of Exeter in Britain. He says research has shown that wild plants and animals are moving toward Earth"s North and South poles as the planet warms.
Mr Bebber wanted to know if the same thing was happening with organisms that attack agricultural crops. He examined reports of first sightings of new insects and diseases around the world. The records came from CABI - the Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International. He says the group began collecting information from developing and industrialized countries years ago.
Dan Bebber and his research team studied 612 different organisms - from viruses and bacteria to insects like beetles and butterflies. They found that since 1960, crop pests and diseases have been moving toward the poles at an average rate of about 3 kilometers each year. Mr Bebber says this puts the most productive farmland in the world in danger.
"As new species of pests and diseases evolve and potentially the environment for them becomes more amenable at higher latitudes, the pressure on the breadbaskets of the world is going to increase."
Farmers face other threats. Invasive species passed through trade are also causing problems. Gene Kritsky is an Entomologist at the College of Mount St. Joseph in Ohio. He specialises in the study of insects. He says climate change may improve conditions for some invasive species.
“It means that species in other parts of the world that might do well in warmer temperatures can now do well in the breadbasket of America.”
Another Entomologist Christian Krupke of Purdue University says the effects of these changes will depend very much on the crop, the insect and the disease. But he says the research is a warning sign that people should care about climate change and do something about it.
小题1:The purpose of Dan Bebber’s research was to find ______.| A．if farmland could be moved to colder places thanks to global warming | | B．if diseases and insects harmful to crops were going towards colder areas | | C．if organisms were moving to the north and south poles | | D．if the number of crop pests was increasing |
小题2:According to Dan Bebber, if crop pests keep moving towards the poles, ______.| A．it will be hard for farmers to kill them | | B．the most productive farmland will produce more crops | | C．the earth will not produce enough food to support the world | | D．the conditions for some crops may be improved |
小题3:Which of the following is not a threat that farmers have to face?| A．Climate change helps crop pests to adapt to new environment. | | B．Foreign species are brought in by trade. | | C．Invasive species doing well in warmer places might do well in America. | | D．The impacts of the climate and species changes on crops are not easy to determine. |
小题4:The underlined word “amenable” in the fourth paragraph most probably means ______.| A．agreeable | B．terrible | C．unfriendly | D．changeable |
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Encouraging early reading skills can build a path to a lifelong love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school. While reading to your child is still the most important thing you can do to build reading skills, there are many techniques that can help.
Make reading fun. Play games with your child as you read. Many traditional children"s games can be adapted to encourage reading skills.
While reading or during play, tell your child, "I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the letter "b". Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letter. For example, “I see a barn.” This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds.Ｉspy with my little eye something that begins with the sound “s”. Help the child find a word that begins with the "s" sound.
In this variation on the popular game, instruct the child that, "Simon says, point to something that starts with the letter "n". The child can then find an object in the room or a body part, such as the nose, that starts with the letter presented. This can also be used to teach beginning sounds.
Make a game out of rhyming (押韵) words by making up silly words to rhyme with the child"s name or favorite toys. This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds. As the child masters making up the words, begin rhyming real words to one another.
Tips to raise a successful reader:
Put books in places where the child plays. If books are easily accessible, children are more likely to pick them up.
Let children "read to you" by looking at pictures. Making up stories to go along with illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures.
Take books along on trips or even short visits to the doctor"s office or grocery store.
Have children help you shop. Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps build vocabulary.
小题1: Which of the following statements is TRUE?| A．A good reading habit can benefit your child at school. | | B．Computer games help children develop reading skills. | | C．You should be careful as for what books to read. | | D．Children enjoy reading poems to their parents. |
小题2:What does the underlined word “accessible” most probably mean?| A．available | B．beneficial | C．readable | D．worthwhile |
小题3:What can we conclude from the text?| A．The most important thing is to make reading funny. | | B．Children have a preference for stories with pictures. | | C．Rhyming games should begin only with real words. | | D．Children tend to read more if books are at hand. |
小题4:Which of the following can be the best title of the text?| A．Interest is the best teacher | | B．Practice makes perfect | | C．Good methods are half done | | D．Failure teaches success |
小题5:What are the intended readers of the text?| A．Parents. | B．Adolescents. | C．Educators. | D．People in general. |
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