In the past, man did not have to think about protection of the environment. Ther
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In the past, man did not have to think about protection of the environment. There were very few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be unlimited.
Today things are different. The world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on the earth will not survive.
Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on land. Yet, we continue to use more powerful machines to cut down more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. However, in most countries waste is still put into rivers, but there are few laws to stop this.
We also know that if the population of the countries in the world is to rise at the present rate in a few years, there will not be enough food.
What can we do to solve these problems?
If we eat more vegetables and less meat, there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops can feed five times more people than land where animals are kept.
Our natural resources will last longer if we learn to recycle them.
The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control.
Finally, if all of us think about the problem, we will have a better and cleaner planet in the future.
小题1:This passage mainly tells us about ______.| A．the problems we are facing today about environment and the ways to solve them | | B．the unlimited natural resources in the world | | C．our rivers are being polluted by waste from factories | | D．the ways early man protected the environment |
小题2: Which of the following is NOT true?| A．If we eat more vegetables, more food can be saved. | | B．In the past, there was no need for people to think about environmental protection. | | C．If we keep on cutting trees, forests will disappear. | | D．We shouldn’t take more and more fish out of the sea, or there will soon be no fish left. |
小题3:What is implied (暗示) in the passage?| A．Man is cleverer than any other animal. | | B．Man will destroy himself if he doesn’t solve the problem. | | C．Modern fishing methods are helpful in our fishing industry. | | D．We should make more laws in order to survive. |
小题4:From the passage we can see that the world’s natural resources ______.| A．will never be used up | B．are being polluted | | C．are as plentiful as in the past | D．are being used up very quickly |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：本文叙述了过去，人们不必担心保护环境的问题。 因为那时地球上人口稀少，自然资源似乎取之不尽。而现在世界变得拥挤异常。我们正在耗尽我们的自然资源，有毒化学制品的使用也正污染着环境。如果我们继续这样下去，地球上的生命将不复存在。
小题1:主旨大意题。全文叙述了我们面临的环境问题要想出方法来拯救自己的星球的环境，故选A。
小题2:细节理解题。根据If we eat more vegetables and less meat, there will be more food available for everyone. 如果我们吃更多的蔬菜，并不是节省了食物，而是对于大家来说有更多的可使用的食物，故选A。
小题3:推理判断题。根据If we continue to do this, human life on the earth will not survive.可推知如果人类不能解决环境这一问题，人类就等于毁了自己。故选B。
小题4:细节理解题。根据We are using up our natural resources too quickly, 世界的自然资源正在被利用地很快，故选D。
点评：所谓主旨大意题，就是指那些针对文章的主要内容、主题、标题或写作目的所设置的问题。这类题主要考查同学们在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法对文章进行高度概括或总结的能力。 |
举一反三
When the scandal (丑闻) first broke, it was believed that only a few pictures had been taken of one pupil, Blake Robbins. But court papers released this week showed that thousands of images were taken of Robbins and other students.
Robbins and his parents have filed an action against the school district. Court papers from the Robbins’s lawyers said that at first it was thought that the laptops’ technology had produced a few images but they found more than 400 of Robbins, including images “showing him partially undressed and sleeping”.
Robbins said he did not know why the spying device was activated (激活) as his laptop had not been reported stolen or missing. Other students whose pictures were taken said their laptops had not been reported stolen or missing either.
An administrator at the school, one of the few with authority to track the laptops, remained silent, refusing to answer questions.
The Philadelphia Inquirer reported that 38,500 of the images came from six laptops that had been reported missing from the Harriton gym in September 2008. These apparently helped the police catch a suspect. Another set of images were from cameras in laptops which employees responsible for tracking failed or forgot to turn off.
The court papers, filed by Robbins’ lawyers, said that the technology was activated between 20 October and 4 November last year, with most of the 400 shots of him while he was in his home, and included his family. “There were additional webcam pictures and screen shots taken of Blake Robbins which, up to now, have not been recovered because the evidence was deleted by the IT department,” the court papers say.
One of Robbins’ lawyers is trying to obtain access to the administrator’s home computer to confirm whether she downloaded any of the pictures. The court papers indicate she may be a voyeur (窥隐私者) though it has not been proved.
小题1:We can learn from the passage that _________.| A．Robbins’ parents remained calm over the scandal | | B．Robbins had his laptop stolen before the scandal | | C．the laptops’ technology produced some images | | D．the private rights of the students were offended |
小题2:What did The Philadelphia Inquirer say about the case?| A．The police had found some evidence. | | B．Most of the laptops in Harriton gym were missing. | | C．Employees in charge of tracking deliberately left the laptops on. | | D．There was obviously more than one suspect related to the case. |
小题3:According to the court papers, the administrator _________.| A．may have spied her students on purpose | | B．may have broken into Robbin’s house | | C．has downloaded many students’ pictures | | D．has removed evidence from computers |
小题4: What does the passage mainly talk about?| A．Modern technology has negative effects on our lives. | | B．Students in Philadelphia are accustomed to being spied on secretly. | | C．A Philadelphia school is charged with spying students through laptop cameras. | | D．The American government should take measures to improve teachers’ qualities. |
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When someone says “SHARK” most people think of a big, toothy, underwater animal; basically we are imagining a Great White. In fact sharks come in all shapes, sizes and even colors! Follow me please; I’d like to show you a very special small shark commonly known as horn sharks, only found in the coastal waters of north-west North America.
Look at this shark, and you can easily see the horns on it and you will know the reason why it is called the horn shark is that it has the broad, flattened head and two large horn-like spines(脊椎) found behind its eyes and makes it one of the hardiest of all shark species. What makes it unique is that as its enemy attempts to swallow it, the spines on its back will stick into the enemy’s mouth and give a good chance for it to get away.
The horn shark is brown in color with black spots all over its body. The adults can reach up to a length of 4 feet and weigh up to 10 kg. An interesting fact about the horn shark is that it has five gills(鳃). The horn shark is a clumsy swimmer using its flexible pectoral fins(胸鳍)to push itself along the bottom of the ocean. The maximum distance that has ever been recorded for a horn shark to have traveled out from its habitat is 10 miles.
Today, as so little is known about its population off the Californian coast, they have been listed as being “Data Deficient” in the World Conservation Union. The horn shark is being threatened both by water pollution and commercial fishing in the area. Though they are not among those sea creatures hunted primarily for food, but they often get caught as a by-catch in fishing expeditions.
小题1:The horn shark gets its name for______.| A．its small size | B．its large eyes | | C．its two large spines | D．its brown color with spots |
小题2:How is paragraph 3 mainly developed?| A．By giving descriptions | B．By following time order | | C．By analyzing causes | D．By making comparisons |
小题3:Which factors contribute to the horn shark’s being on the “Data Deficient” list?
①That people like hunting them for pets ②That people fish them for fun
③Water pollution off the coast ④Knowing little about them小题4: According to the passage, all of the following are unique to the horn shark EXCEPT that_____.| A．it doesn’t travel far | | B．it is good at swimming | | C．its spines can be used to attack the enemy and escape | | D．it is only found in the coastal waters of north-west North America |
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Sixty-five million years ago, an asteroid (小行星) that crashed on Earth led to the disappearance of the largest animals that have ever walked our planet – the dinosaurs. At least, this is what some scientists believe. But that accident happened so long ago. People have come to believe that we are free of threats from asteroids and everything else from space.
However, what happened on Feb 15 , 2013 was a reminder that we’re just as vulnerable as the dinosaurs once were. Two objects from space – a meteor (陨石) and an asteroid called 2012 DA14 – visited Earth’s atmosphere on the same day. The former fell in Russia, injuring 1,200 people, while the latter passed by Earth at a record-setting close distance.
Scientists had been expecting the asteroid since last year, but the meteor was a surprise. NASA’s telescope system only detects asteroids at least 50 meters in diameter (直径), which is just about the size of 2012 DA14. But the meteor was much smaller, which made it harder to spot.
But what if we do spot an asteroid that is headed right for Earth? There are several possible ways in which dangerous asteroids could be made to change its orbit. Which method is best depends on several factors and most importantly – how much time we have to stop it.
If there is enough time before the hit, we can send off a heavy spacecraft to travel alongside the asteroid. The gravity from the spacecraft would gradually change the rock’s orbit. Besides that, scientists could one day use sun-powered lasers to either make asteroids disappear or change their course. If there’s not enough time, we’ll have to go after the asteroid with a spacecraft and change its orbit with a crash. Finally, if things are truly desperate, there will be only one choice left – to use a nuclear bomb. That could turn the asteroid into a meteor shower, which would be even more dangerous.
小题1:The author mentioned the asteroid that led to the dinosaurs’ dying out to ______.| A．show that asteroids fall from space frequently | | B．alert people about the possible danger of objects falling from space | | C．inform readers about the constant threats the Earth faces | | D．suggest that there are still many mysteries about the universe |
小题2:The underlined word “vulnerable” in the second paragraph probably means ______.| A．unprotected | B．lonely | C．stupid | D．self-important |
小题3:Which of the following statements is TRUE about the meteor that fell to the Earth in Russia?| A．It passed by the Earth at a close distance. | | B．It was spotted by NASA’s telescope system a year ago. | | C．It is about the same size as the asteroid that passed by the Earth. | | D．It fell to the Earth and caused great damage to the local community. |
小题4:What is the main idea of the article?| A．Learning about asteroids and meteors. | | B．The threats of objects from space and possible solutions. | | C．NASA’s latest technology to discover visitors to the Earth from space. | | D．How to measure the damage of collisions from asteroids and meteors. |
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Market analysts in the United States have recently been quoted as saying that the biggest threat to the luxury (奢侈品) industry in the US is the tech industry. This is according to an article by fellow journalist Ashley Lutz. Her suggestion is sound. The main idea of her article is that products from Tiffany & Co. find their biggest competition not from other luxury brands but from companies like Apple. Lutz points out that luxury products are often only for “show,” while the attraction behind tech products is functionality.
You find few people in the United States today willing to purchase luxury goods at full price. It didn’t use to be that way. Luxury goods used to be actually exclusive. That meant you needed to travel to the right store to purchase them, and you didn’t even have the option of getting a deal.
Today, no one wants to pay full price for luxury goods. People have the unfortunate belief that fakes (赝品) somehow are equal to originals, and if you can’t get a deal on eBay, Amazon, or in an outlet store, purchasing a luxury product probably isn’t worth it. Luxury brands struggle to remain high-end (高档的) images despite the reality that the American consumer is motivated much more by discounts than they are by brand names or image.
Yet people stand in line to pay full price for a new product from Apple and crowds gather to hear about a new smart phone. While electronics are updating every day, people are purchasing technology at full prices much more than they are purchasing luxury goods. What are high-tech makers doing right that luxury makers are pitifully failing at?
Carefully looking at the situation, it would appear as if the Internet didn’t hurt the luxury industry, expectation from the consumers did. What people want these days more than anything is stuff that does something. They want cars that drive, shoes that are comfortable, games that are fun to play, screens that are beautiful to look at, tools that are useful, and entertainment that is entertaining. Little of that fits into what the luxury industry has typically offered with its status, image, and fine materials. The sad reality is that luxury products aren’t that luxury any more.
小题1:What does this passage mainly talk about?| A．Nobody likes luxury goods any more. | | B．Luxury goods are of poor quality nowadays. | | C．Tech products become the new “luxury goods”. | | D．Iphones have taken the place of luxury products. |
小题2:The underlined word “exclusive” in paragraph 2 means _______.| A．unique and with no bargain | B．low in price | | C．hard to find | D．easy to sell |
小题3:From paragraph 3 we can know that _______.| A．people have found that some luxury goods are fakes | | B．people can buy luxury goods at a low price on eBay | | C．luxury brands will give up high-end images | | D．consumers prefer brand names to discounts |
小题4:What do people pay most attention to nowadays?| A．The Internet service. | B．The images of luxuries. | | C．The function of products. | D．The expectation from the consumers. |
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Google, the Internet search and mapping company, has developed a car that can steer without a driver.
Sometimes the reality is stranger than science fiction: Google is road-testing cars that steer, stop and start without a human driver. The goal is to “help prevent traffic accidents, free up people’s time and reduce carbon emissions.” says Sebastian Thrun, who is the project leader for the driverless car, or Carbot.
By developing the car and the software that drives it, Google wants to change how people get from place to p1ace. Eric Schmidt, one of the company’s top officials, said, “Your car should drive itself. It just makes sense.”
So far, the driverless autos have gone about 140,000 miles on California roads without people taking over the driving. Many of the roads are very busy or full of curves that challenge human drivers. The autos’ software makes it possible to know speed limits, traffic patterns and road maps. The vehicles use radar, lasers and video cameras to find other cars and avoid people crossing streets.
There has only been one accident during the testing. And in that case, the Carbot was hit from behind by a human driver when Goog1e’s car was stopped at a red light. Engineers say the driverless cars are safer than autos with people behind the wheel because the computers react much more quickly than humans.
The Carbot is still in very early testing stages. Experts agree that it will be years before you will be able to buy one. But it is likely that one day you will be sitting in the driver’s seat of a driverless car. When the auto was first invented it was called a “horseless carriage”. Now it seems that it is time for the “driverless carriage” to be part of our 1ives.
小题1:What’s the main idea of the passage?| A．An auto revolution is on its way. | | B．Google has developed a driverless car. | | C．The Carbot has passed its early testing stages. | | D．Science fiction has turned into reality. |
小题2:The driverless car is safer than an auto with people because _______.| A．it uses radar, lasers and video cameras | | B．it knows speed limits, traffic patterns and road maps | | C．the computer has a better sense of direction than drivers | | D．the software responds to emergencies faster than a human driver |
小题3:The advantage of the Carbot is that _______.| A．it can drive all by itself | | B．it can avoid any traffic accident | | C．it doesn’t pollute the environment | | D．it is the most fashionable car nowadays |
小题4:70. The author’s attitude towards the Carbot is _______.| A．unfriendly | B．desperate | C．critical | D．optimistic |
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