The earth is the only planet that scientists are certain has life .What does the
题型：不详难度：来源：
The earth is the only planet that scientists are certain has life .What does the earth have that the other planets don’t ? For one thing , the earth has just the right temperature . As the third planet from the sun , the earth seems to be just the right distance away . The planets that are closer to the sun are so hot that their surfaces bake in the sun . The farthest planets are cold balls .
When the earth developed— which scientists believe may have happened about billions of years ago , many gases covered the earth . The gases caused the earth to be hot . But something wonderful happened . The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form . It rained very hard for a very long time . This gave the earth its oceans . Water made it possible for plants to grow . The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere . Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe .
Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth . That planet is Mars . Mars is smaller than the earth , and it is quite a bit cooler . But it is not too cold for humans . On some days , the temperatures are as cold as a winter day in the northern United States . If you wore a special spacesuit , you could walk around on Mars . You would have to bring your own air to breathe , though . The air on Mars is too thin to breathe . Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system . It is sixteen miles high . The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high . The most unexpected sight on Mars is dried-up river beds . Scientists believe that Mars was once much wetter that it is now . Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars ? Scientists are not sure , but there has been no sign so far .
小题1:It is the on the earth that makes life possible .| A．temperature | B．water | C．oxygen | D．temperature , water and oxygen |
小题2:The underlined phrase “ the third planet ” means .| A．the sun | B．the earth | C．the moon | D．Mars |
小题3:Which planet in the solar system is most like the earth ?| A．Mars . | B．Moon . | C．Sun . | D．Mars and Moon . |
小题4:Which of the following is TRUE ?| A．The earth has a history of about 4 million years . | | B．There is no air on Mars . | | C．The largest volcano on Mars is over three times higher than the highest one on the earth | | D．Scientists believe there are living things on Mars . |
小题5:The best title for the passage should be .| A．Living Things on Our Earth | B．The Moon | | C．Living Things on the Moon | D．Mars Is Most Like the Earth |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:D |
解析
试题分析：本文主要讲述的是地球为什么适合人类生存的原因以及火星和地球在环境方面的相似之处，从气温，水等方面展开了具体的说明。
小题1:D 细节题。根据第二段3,4,5,6行The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form . It rained very hard for a very long time . This gave the earth its oceans . Water made it possible for plants to grow . The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere . Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe .可知D项内容正确。
小题2:B 推理题。根据文章3,4行As the third planet from the sun , the earth seems to be just the right distance away可知这里的the third planet就是指我们的地球the earth，故B正确。
小题3:A 细节题。根据文章第三段1,2行Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth . That planet is Mars .可知火星的情况和地球类似。故A正确。
小题4:C 细节题。根据文章倒数4,5行Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system . It is sixteen miles high . The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high .可知C项内容正确。
小题5:D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是地球为什么适合人类生存的原因以及火星和地球在环境方面的相似之处，从气温，水等方面展开了具体的说明。故D组却。
点评：本文主要讲述的是地球为什么适合人类生存的原因以及火星和地球在环境方面的相似之处。文章基本上是考查细节题，对此类题型考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。 |
举一反三
Back those photos up
The images were striking．Homes on the East Coast were washed away by Superstorm Sandy. People were in tears, picking up faded photographs, among their only remaining possessions．
If that doesn"t move you to get serious about safekeeping your lifetime of memories, what will? The digital age offers tools never imaginable before—including one-click access to a lifetime of family photos．
Here is a brochure (手册) on how to back up (存) your photos and save them online, where they can live forever and be accessible in good times and bad．
Scanning
The first step for those old photos is to scan them and save them to a digital format (格式)．Most，printers come with scanners these days, so that"s an easy but extremely time-consuming step．
Storing the photos
With your scans in place, import the photos into your computer, and back them up．
You could make multiple copies of the disks and spread them to loved ones．Or you could choose external (外接的) hard drives or USB thumb drive, and add your photo and video collection from your computer．
Online backup
If you need lots of space, look at a pure online backup service, Caronite．
Caronite backs up 300 million files daily．Once you sign up, it starts to pick up everything you have on your hard drive．But photo collection on your computer"s main hard drive charges for $ 59 a year．
Cloud Storage
For folks who don"t need automatic backup, but instead want to take a more active approach, Dropbox, Google Drive and Microsoft"s SkyDrive let you store files online by yourself, share and instantly access them．All offer free options—2GB of free storage for Dropbox, 5GB for Google and 7GB for SkyDrive．But if you want more, you need to pay．
Bottom Line
The hard drive or flash drive is the cheapest and easiest．But drives can fail．Online services are more expensive, but more secure．With more of us switching back and forth between our computers, such services are the best way to get access to our data from wherever we are．
小题1:What can we know from the passage?| A．Scanning photos takes little time but costs a lot． | | B．The hard drive or flash drive is the cheapest and safest． | | C．Google Drive offers unlimited free photo storage on line． | | D．Caronite charges for backing up photos from hard drive． |
小题2:Which of the following allows storing files automatically?| A．Caronite． | B．Dropbox． | C．SkyDrive． | D．Flash drive. |
小题3:The main purpose of the passage is to ______．| A．tell real stories about storage services | | B．introduce some of the storage services | | C．describe the functions of storage services | | D．argue about the advantage of storage services |
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Across countryside, non-food crops are growing alongside wheat．Some are used in new alternatives to plastics and other materials, but others will simply be burned．
Burning crops is becoming more popular because it is good for the planet．Doing so is also cheaper than burning fossil fuels．As more land is devoted to non-food crop production, the economics of crops for fuel are likely to become even more favorable．
Humans have been burning such biomass—organic materials from plants or animals— since they discovered fire．But that burning fossil fuels could have catastrophic consequences has brought biomass back into fashion．
Even allowing for emissions (排放) of carbon dioxide from fuel used in planting, harvesting, processing and transporting biomass fuel, replacing fossil fuel with biomass can typically reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 90 percent．
Power stations around the world are experimenting with forms of biomass to add to their coal or oil, with encouraging results．Indeed, power companies could profit by turning to biomass, especially when the subsidies (补助) many governments offer for using renewable energy are taken into account．
Farmers can benefit from growing biomass．In Europe, the reduction of subsidies for certain crops is exposing farmers to market forces．Instead of being paid for whatever they produce, farmers must seek a clear demand for their product．Many believe that the demand for alternatives to fossil fuels could be just such a driver．
But while biomass offers a variety of potential alternatives, the world"s infrastructure (基础设施） has developed around burning fossil fuels to such a stage that switching to biomass involves a change in conception that many companies have not accepted．
Also, there are problems with using biomass．Although most coal-fired power stations could take a small amount of their fuel from biomass without significant adjustment, few are built to run on biomass alone．Burning some forms of biomass also causes environmental problems．Oils and waste can be smelly, while wood produces smoke unless burned properly．
The supply chains for fossil fuels are set up well, but those for biomass are just the beginning. Sources of supply for biomass rely on farm production and can therefore be less reliable. They are necessarily limited and it wouldn"t make sense to turn a very large amount of valuable agricultural land away from food crops．But as the world adjusts to the need to control greenhouse gas emissions, these problems may receive more attention．
小题1:What do we know about biomass?| A．It is a useful way of burning crops． | | B．It is plant and animal matter used to provide power． | | C．It is a new alternative to be used widely． | | D．It is a popular approach to fighting against pollution． |
小题2:What are the advantages of using biomass?
a．It gives off less greenhouse gases．
b．It helps farmers receive subsidies for what they produce．
c．It has met the clear demand for energy．
d．It has brought subsidies for some power companies．
e．It is cheaper than burning fossil fuels．| A．a, b, c | B．b, c, d | C．c, d, e | D．a, d, e |
小题3:For coal-fired power stations, ______．| A．more effective ways to use biomass have been tried | | B．using renewable energy has become their daily task | | C．burning biomass alone would require considerable changes | | D．setting up dependable supply channels needs governments" support |
小题4:What is the author"s attitude towards biomass fuels?| A．Defensive． | B．Doubtful． | C．Negative． | D．Objective |
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We use an average of 158 liters of water a day in Britain, for which we pay a bargain price of 28p a liter, but much of this is just cash down the drain, according to water companies.
Most are campaigning to cut the amount we use. And the frontline weapon in their campaign is the water meter (计量器). They want us all to have one and one company is seeking powers to make this compulsory.
The Government is anxious for us to use less water, too. Elliot Morley, the Environment Minister, says he is impressed by the savings when a meter is installed. In most homes, consumption drops by 20 percent.
He also thinks consumers get a good deal from meters. He said, “Most people would find that they would either be exactly the same or better off with water meters and it is a fairer way of paying for water.”
At present, only 25% of households have meters and most of those are in East Anglia. They are installed by water companies, and households then have about ￡43 added to each bill to cover the cost of installing and reading the meter.
Barrie Clarke, a spokesman for Water UK, said, “We want everyone to be more water wise—to think about the amount of water they use. But with our climate change and different weather patterns, over time it will make economic and environmental sense to think how we use water. This may mean meters.”
Mr. Clarke believes the easiest way to save water is to use less in the garden. In one hour, a sprinkler uses the same amount of water as the average family of four uses in a day—about 632 liters. He said that gardeners should water in the evening so that it dose not evaporate in the heat of the day and that every household should have a water butt to collect rainwater for use in the garden.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT the advantage of installing water meters?| A．Water consumption drops. | | B．It’s fairer to pay for water. | | C．They’re installed for free. | | D．People are more water wise. |
小题2:The passage implies that ________.| A．water meters are welcome by British people | | B．people will be better off with water meters | | C．everyone has become wiser to use water now | | D．saving water is both good to economy and environment |
小题3:How many liters of water does an average family of four use in a day after installing a meter in Britain?| A．about 126 liters | B．about 158 liters | | C．about 506 liters | D．about 632 liters |
小题4:The underlined word “evaporate” in the last paragraph means _________.| A．change into steam and disappears | | B．absorb the heat of the day | | C．sink into the soil | | D．turn into ice |
小题5:According to Mr. Clarke, some good ways to save water are as follows EXCEPT ________.| A．using less on the garden | | B．using a sprinkler | | C．watering in the evening | | D．gathering rainfall for garden use |
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D
Life is difficult.
It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it, then life is no longer difficult.
Most do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties stand for a special kind of suffering especially forced on them or else on their families, their class, or even their nation.
What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause sadness, or loneliness or regret or anger or fear.
These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes a lot of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.
Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we want to encourage the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct(指导).” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.
小题1:Which sentence best express the central point of the passage?| A．Problems and difficulties represent a special kind of suffering. | | B．We become stronger by facing and solving problems of life. | | C．Life is difficult because our problems bring us pain. | | D．People like to complain about their problems. |
小题2:The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to ___.| A．save space | B．persuade readers | | C．make readers laugh | D．get readers’ attention |
小题3:The main idea of paragraph 3 is that _________.| A．most people feel life is easy | | B．the writer feel life is easy | | C．the writer likes to complain about his problems | | D．most people complain about how hard their lives are |
小题4:According to the passage, we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to ______.| A．encourage them to learn | | B．teach them to fear the pain of solving the problems | | C．help them learn to deal with pain | | D．teach them how to respect problems |
小题5:The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt, instruct” suggests that ______.| A．we do not learn from experience | | B．we do not learn when we are in pain | | C．pain teaches us important lessons | | D．pain cannot be avoided |
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The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 小题1: . Solitude can be hard to discover once it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 小题2: our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(an) 小题3: as we’ve known. People have become so 小题4: in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they’d rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog to share our ideas, not only from our 小题5: , but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become 小题6: on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 小题7: it would make them an outsider. 小题8: , many jobs and careers require people to be 小题9: . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 小题10: to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who really wants it. Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many 小题11: , as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 小题12: on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 【小题13】 and forced to answer unwanted calls or reply to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 【小题14】 according to different generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider it a 【小题15】 . Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like without keeping up with the advancements in technology.
| 小题13: | | A．updated | B．received | C．shared | D．collected |
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| 小题14: | | A．respected | B．shaped | C．ignored | D．preserved |
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| 小题15: | | A．edge | B．stage | C．end | D．balance |
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| 小题16: | | A．sensitive | B．intelligent | C．considerate | D．reachable |
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| 小题17: | | A．media | B．computers | C．databases | D．monitors |
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| 小题18: | | A．bent | B．hard | C．keen | D．dependent |
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| 小题19: | | A．finding | B．using | C．protecting | D．changing |
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| 小题20: | | A．Also | B．Instead | C．Otherwise | D．Somehow |
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| 小题21: | | A．connected | B．trained | C．recommended | D．interested |
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| 小题22: | | A．pleasure | B．benefit | C．burden | D．disappointment |
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| 小题23: | | A．aspects | B．weaknesses | C．advantages | D．exceptions |
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| 小题24: | | A．hidden | B．lost | C．relaxed | D．deserted |
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| 小题25: | | A．amused | B．excited | C．confused | D．trapped |
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| 小题26: | | A．vary | B．arise | C．spread | D．exist |
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| 小题27: | | A．present | B．tendency | C．progress | D．curse |
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